[外语类试卷]考博英语(阅读理解)模拟试卷71及答案与解析.doc
《[外语类试卷]考博英语(阅读理解)模拟试卷71及答案与解析.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《[外语类试卷]考博英语(阅读理解)模拟试卷71及答案与解析.doc(14页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、考博英语(阅读理解)模拟试卷 71及答案与解析 一、 Reading Comprehension 0 Well, no gain without pain, they say. But what about pain without gain? Everywhere you go in America, you hear tales of corporate revival. What is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding
2、over is for real. The official statistics are mildly discouraging. They show that, if you lump manufacturing and services together, productivity has grown on average by 1.2% since 1987. That is somewhat faster than the average during the previous decade. And since 1991, productivity has increased by
3、 about 2% a year, which is more than twice the 1978-1987 average. The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend. There is, as Robert Rubin, the trea
4、sury secretary, says, a “disjunction“ between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics. Some of this can be easily explained. New ways of organizing the workplace all that reengineering and downsizing are only one contribution to
5、 the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training. Moreover, most of the changes that companies make are intended to keep them profitable, and this need not alwa
6、ys mean increasing productivity: switching to new markets or improving quality can matter just as much. Two other explanations are more speculative. First, some of the business restructuring of recent years may have been ineptly done. Second, even if it was well done, it may have spread much less wi
7、dely than people suppose. Leonard Schlesinger, a Harvard academic and former chief executive of Au Bong Pain, a rapidly growing chain of bakery cafes, says that much “reengineering“ has been crude. In many cases, he believes, the loss of revenue has been greater than the reductions in cost. His coll
8、eague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied reengineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long term profitability. BBDOs Al Rosenshine is blunter. He dismisses a lot of the work of reengineering consultants as mere rubbish “the
9、 worst sort of ambulance cashing“. 1 According to the author, the American economic situation is_. ( A) not as good as it seems ( B) at its turning point ( C) much better than it seems ( D) near to complete recovery 2 The official statistics on productivity growth_. ( A) exclude the usual rebound in
10、 a business cycle ( B) fall short of businessmens anticipation ( C) meet the expectation of business people ( D) fail to reflect the true state of economy 3 The author raises the question “what about pain without gain?“ because_. ( A) he questions the truth of “no gain without pain“ ( B) he does not
11、 think the productivity revolution works ( C) he wonders if the official statistics are misleading ( D) he has conclusive evidence for the revival of businesses 4 Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage? ( A) Radical reforms are essential for the increase of productivity. (
12、 B) New ways of organizing workplaces may help to increase productivity. ( C) The reduction of costs is not a sure way to gain long term profitability. ( D) The consultants are a bunch of good for nothings. 4 Science has long had an uneasy relationship with other aspects of culture. Think of Gallile
13、os 17th century trial for his rebelling belief before the Catholic Church or poet William Blakes harsh remarks against the mechanistic worldview of Isaac Newton. The schism between science and the humanities has, if anything, deepened in this century. Until recently, the scientific community was so
14、powerful that it could afford to ignore its critics but no longer. As funding for science has declined, scientists have attacked “antiscience“ in several books, notably Higher Superstition, by Paul R.Gross, a biologist at the University of Verginia, and Norman Levitt, a mathematician at Rutgers Univ
15、ersity; and The Demon Haunted World, by Carl Sagan of Cornell University. Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as “The Flight from Science and Reason,“ held in New York City in 1995, and “Science in the Age of(Mis)information,“ which assembled last June near Buffalo.
16、 Antiscience clearly means different things to different people. Gross and Levitt find fault primarily with sociologists, philosophers and other academics who have questioned sciences objectivity. Sagan is more concerned with those who believe in ghosts, creationism and other phenomena that contradi
17、ct the scientific worldview. A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the antiscience tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic resear
18、ch. Few would dispute that the term applies to the Unbomber, those manifesto, published in 1995, scorns science and longs for return to a pretechnological utopia. But surely that does not mean environmentalists concerned about uncontrolled industrial growth are antiscience, as an essay in U.S. News
19、on the contrary, many of them lie deep in the interior of a plate. Most of the hot spots move only slowly, and in some cases the movement of the plates past them has left trails of dead volcanoes. The hot spots and their volcanic trails are milestones that mark the passage of the plates. That the pl
20、ates are moving is not beyond dispute. Africa and South America, for example, are moving away from eath other as new material is injected into the sea floor between them. The complementary coastlines and certain geological features that seem to span the ocean are reminders of where the two continent
21、s were once joined. The relative motion of the plates carrying these continents has been constructed in detail, but the motion of one plate with respect to another cannot readily be translated into motion with respect to the earths interior. It is not possible to determine whether both continents ar
- 1.请仔细阅读文档,确保文档完整性,对于不预览、不比对内容而直接下载带来的问题本站不予受理。
- 2.下载的文档,不会出现我们的网址水印。
- 3、该文档所得收入(下载+内容+预览)归上传者、原创作者;如果您是本文档原作者,请点此认领!既往收益都归您。
下载文档到电脑,查找使用更方便
2000 积分 0人已下载
下载 | 加入VIP,交流精品资源 |
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 外语类 试卷 英语 阅读 理解 模拟 71 答案 解析 DOC
