[外语类试卷]笔译三级实务（综合）模拟试卷13及答案与解析.doc

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1、笔译三级实务（综合）模拟试卷 13及答案与解析 一、 PART 1 English-Chinese Translation (60 points) Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this part is 120 minutes. 1 Get a professional company in to write you a reliable cover letter and clean up your CV, and it could make the difference you have been wai

2、ting for. 2 Before there are leaders and hierarchy, individuals must learn to work together if an organization aims to gear themselves for large-scale results. 3 Each activity must have a mix of the physical and the mental in order for each member of the team to contribute fully. 4 If the benefits o

3、utweigh the costs when it comes to utilizing such a tool, then it is hard to pass up. 5 In as much as it is popular, organized sports activities are discouraged as individuals may lose focus at the team building aspect and gear towards the competition. 6 While audio conferencing was generally the co

4、nference calling method of choice when conferencing programs were first developed and introduced, video conferencing is quickly growing to be even more popular these days. 7 Online Job Search Doing a job search online is one of the easiest ways to find out what sectors are offering employment, and w

5、here you could find yourself a new career. You can look for jobs all over the world, as opposed to just your own neighborhood and surroundings. Having a few tools and tips to help you get the most out of your Internet job search could save you a lot of time , not to mention heartache when your effor

6、t ends up in a failure, as there are plenty of swindlers crawling around in outer web space these days. Here are some Top Tips for an Online Job Search 1. Choose only Reputable Sites Because there are so many cheaters on the Internet attempting to make a quick buck out of hard working people trying

7、to make a living, it is more important than ever that you check which sites you log onto and which job listing sites you load a profile onto. Reputable employment sites provide good quality links and leads, as they are affiliated to employment agencies, and will help put you in the right direction.

8、Dont give out any personal details unless you are 100% sure that you are dealing with a real company. 2. Employment through Social Networking Social networking has literally changed the way we live, communicate and explore the world around us. More and more people are turning to Facebook and Twitter

9、 for real time information and networking. Load up a profile on Twitter or Facebook and connect with companies through self-promotion and get noticed whilst looking for jobs. 3. Freelancers and Contractors: Your Own Website This one could be a little tricky if you are working for one company and loo

10、king for alternative employment through your own website. If you are a freelancer or contractor a website is a must. An online portfolio can introduce some of your recent work, feedback from clients, prices of services provided, and a good section on what exactly you offer a potential client. Whethe

11、r you are a programmer, visual artist, writer, baker, this option will be perfect for you. Just keep the website current and up to date, as it can be very off-putting if the information is a few months out of date. 4. Email Alerts You can set up a number of email alerts with job sites all over the I

12、nternet, without divulging any of your private information. Search engines will scan the traffic of posted jobs, and send you an alert in your email box so that you may link directly to the job listings. This will save you lots of time, and who knows, you could find your dream job, when it just pops

13、 into your inbox. 5. The Cover Letter Your cover letter to your CV is essentially your shop window; it may be your one and only chance to make a solid impression to get the employer to actually read the rest of the way through your CV. If your cover letter has too much detail, is too vague and is ju

14、st a boring summary of your talents and how much you like riding your motorbike on weekends, chances are the CV is just going to end up neglected. Get a professional company in to write you a reliable cover letter and clean up your CV, it could make the difference you have been waiting for. 8 Do Sho

15、rter Workdays Really Make Us More Productive? When shorter workdays dont work Kenny Kline of MedPreps can vouch for that. In 2012, Kline trimmed the workday of 20 full-time employees hed hired to write practice questions for medical certification exams, keeping their salaries intact. The four-month

16、experiment was a failure. Giving employees only six hours a day to devise test questions instead of the customary eight changed the company culture for the worse, said Kline, co-founder of the St Louis, Missouri-based company, which sells medical exam preparation materials in the US. “ People defini

17、tely worked harder and we ended up getting more out of them,“ Kline said. “But they wouldnt interact with each other at all. And they were a lot less happy at work. “ Without much time for lunch or other breaks, the camaraderie his staff once enjoyed ground to a halt. Whats more, Kline said, employe

18、es were too mentally drained at the end of the day. “People felt a lot more burned out working six hours a day just because of the intensity,“ Kline said. Royce Leathers Bauer can relate to the need for some people to put in more time to be more productive. At the same time that he reduced his produ

19、ction teams workday, he gave his 20-person product development and design staff a pay bump and encouraged them to start working 10 hours a day instead of their customary eight. The idea was for them to create and collaborate on ideas at a more leisurely pace. “The time increase has definitely made t

20、he office a lot more relaxed,“ Bauer said. “Theres not as much stress, which definitely makes everyone a lot more productive. “ In praise of flexibility For a shorter workday to succeed, companies have to treat the change in office hours as a guideline that can be adapted to meet various employee an

21、d business needs, not a rigid rule, Williams Yost said. For example, she said, “ What about business that has to get done in time zones during the hours the workplace is closed?“ And what of companies who pile 40 hours of work on employees who only have 30 paid hours in which to get the job done? Fo

22、r Jody Greenstone Miller, whose 75-person in-house staff includes people whove chosen to work 10, 20, 30 or 40 hours a week (for commensurate pay), knowing how long each assigned task takes is key. “As a manager, you have to make sure people dont work too much,“ said Greenstone Miller, chief executi

23、ve officer and co-founder of Business Talent Group, a consulting firm with five US offices and clients throughout Europe, Asia, Australia, North America and South America. “Because if they work too much, they end up being dissatisfied,“ she said. Debbie Carreau, chief executive officer and founder o

24、f Calgary, Alberta-based Inspired HR Ltd, agrees. To prevent “workweek creep“ and as an example to the dozens of Canadian and US companies her human resources firm serves Carreaus 12-person team handles the bulk of their work between 9: 00 and 15: 00. After that, the team goes home but stays on call

25、, often fielding emergency messages one or two hours a night from clients dealing with on-the-job accidents, performance issues and resignations. “People are not productive after a 37-hour week,“ Carreau said. “More does not mean better. “ 二、 PART 2 Chinese-English Translation (40 points) Translate

26、the following passage into English. The time for this part is 60 minutes. 9 创造一个安全、高效与富有成果的工作环境是很重要的。 10 别穿这些非正式的衣服去上班，要穿得像个专业人员的样子。 11 由于今年经济低迷，多数公司都冻结招聘了。 12 请放心，一旦我公司扩大职工队伍或有人提出辞职，出现职位空缺，我们将立即与您联系。 13 你可提前一天给员工发放会议议程，阐明会议的目的。这有助于使会议讨论更加集中，避免离题。 14 起初看起来只是一件小事，但是却因为没有及 时解决而演化成很大的问题，这种情况在职场中已经屡见不鲜了

27、。 15 机器人 机器人将代替人力，那我们现在应该做些什么呢 ?如果以史为鉴，有些人可能会推动保护主义，使某些工作不被自动化取代，以保持短期内的就业水平。在下一个10年里，随着无人驾驶汽车的发展，美国有 23 3万名出租车司机和 170万名卡车司机都要面临失业的风险。现在美国的许多城市人们反对无人驾驶汽车。但在长期看，封锁创新是一种短视行为，而且会使国家失去竞争力，落后于那些乐于接受更高效的新技术的国家。 在未来 20年里，那些非熟 练技术工更有可能感受到被机器人夺走工作的痛苦。贫富差距会进一步加大。这有可能进一步加剧紧张局面，刺激更多人游说提高最低工资。但是就像保护主义一样，提高最低工资最终

28、也可能起到反效果。比如提高酒店业和快餐业员工的最低工资，可能会进一步提高企业对自动化的兴趣，因为他们觉得这样做无疑会给公司省更多的钱。 因此，与其推行就业保护主义、提升最低工资，我们还不如认真考虑应该如何改进我们过时的教育体系。 16 求职 为了在当今全球化市场中获得成功，公司必须雇佣最优秀、最聪明的员工。拥有才华出众的 雇员是决定成败的关键。 在新的经济体制下，求职的竞争激烈必须付出最大努力。在过去，工作和事业是稳定的，容易预测的。如今这一切都不同了。工作、事业和职场变幻莫测，危机四伏。如果你想要成功，冒险就得机灵点儿，要了解规则并按规则行事。 为了避开竞争，你要遵循下列在新经济体制下的求职

29、建议： 1要知道你必须具备什么才能。你能推销自己什么才华 ?什么样的特殊技能、经验和知识你能信手拈来 ?雇主需要你回答的问题是： “你能为我的公司做些什么 ?” 2要准备一份详细的简历。看看你能否充分地描述一 下过去的成就以示你能为潜在的雇主做些什么。否则，要说清楚无能为力的原因。你所呈送的材料务必干净、整洁并且易读。 3要主动推销你的种种服务。让人家知道你有什么能耐。给雇主一个跟你谈话的理由；他们需要知道雇佣你所带来的好处。即使他们没有要求，也要准备好提供这类资料。 4要考虑雇主的需求，而不是迎合你自己的规划。不要太在乎你自己的计划 (获得一个职位 )；要考虑他们的目的 (解决一个问题 )。

30、他们要解决什么问题呢 ?描述一下你能如何协助他们。 笔译三级实务（综合）模拟试卷 13答案与解析 一、 PART 1 English-Chinese Translation (60 points) Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this part is 120 minutes. 1 【正确答案】 如果找一家专业公司，帮你写封靠谱的求职信，再整理好你的简历，这样做会带给你所期待的不同结果。 【知识模块】 英译汉 2 【正确答案】 在有领导和层级观念之前，企业若想做一番大事业，所有个人必须学习如何共同工作。 【

31、知 识模块】 英译汉 3 【正确答案】 每项活动都必须兼用体力与脑力才能完成，这样能使每个团队成员都全力以赴。 【知识模块】 英译汉 4 【正确答案】 如果使用一项工具获得的好处大于付出的代价，那么很难对它置之不理。 【知识模块】 英译汉 5 【正确答案】 尽管有组织的体育活动很受欢迎，但并不建议采用，因为参与的个人可能会忽视关注团队建设，会开始互相竞争。 【知识模块】 英译汉 6 【正确答案】 在会议程序刚被开发并推出之时，人们通常会选择将音频会议作为开电话会议的方式，但如今 视频会议正在快速崛起，更受欢迎。 【知识模块】 英译汉 7 【正确答案】 网上求职 网上找工作是最简便的途径之一，可

32、以知道哪个行业在招聘，以及可以在哪里找到新工作。可以在世界范围内寻找就业机会，而不仅仅在周边邻近地区找工作。 利用一些工具和窍门，你可以在网上有更多收获，同时节省很多时间，还能够避免所有的努力都付诸东流、徒增悲伤，如今现实中潜伏的骗子太多了。 以下是有助于网上求职的几则重要建议 1只选择信誉好的网站 网上有很多骗子，他们总是希望从辛苦 工作、赚钱谋生的人们身上牟取不义之财，一夜暴富，所以核实登录的网站和上传资料的求职网站，这一点很重要。有信誉的求职网站隶属于职业介绍所，能够提供可靠的链接和线索，帮你找准方向。一定要 100确定对方是一个真实存在的公司，否则不要轻易透露个人信息。 2通过社交网络

33、求职 事实上，社交网络已经改变了我们生活、交流和探索周围世界的方式。越来越多的人开始使用脸书和推特来获得实时信息，进行人际交往。找工作时，不妨将个人资料上传到推特或脸书，并通过自我推销与企业取得联系，最终获得关注。 3自由 职业者和合同工：建立自己的网站 如果你已经是某公司的员工，又想通过个人网站找其他工作，这个方法可能会有点麻烦。如果你是自由职业者或合同工，那么建立个人网站则是必需的。可以将个人作品集上传至网上，介绍你近期的工作，客户的反馈意见，服务收费标准，同时加上一个板块，说明你能够为潜在客户带来的收益。不论你是程序员、视觉艺术家、作家还是面包师，这种方法无疑是最适合的选择。你要经常更新

34、自己的网站，因为如果你的信息是几个月以前的，会给对方不好的感受。 4电子邮件提醒你可以对网上的求职网站设定多个电子邮件提醒，这并 不会泄露你的个人信息。搜索引擎会扫描发布工作岗位的浏览量，给你的邮箱发送提醒，你可以直接链接到招聘广告。这可节省你很多时间，说不准，收件箱的一个提醒，带来的就是你梦寐以求的工作。 5求职信 附有简历的求职信实际上就是你的展销橱窗；也可能是你给雇主留下深刻印象、促使对方把简历看完的唯一机会。 如果你的求职信过于详细，或是太不具体，或只是无趣地总结了你的才能以及你如何喜欢周末骑摩托车等，那么你的简历很可能最终无人问津。找一家专业公司，帮你写封靠谱的求职信，再把你的简历理

35、顺，会给你带来不 一样的效果。 【知识模块】 英译汉 8 【正确答案】 工作时间越短，效率越高 ? 当减少工时也无成效时 地中海预备学校的肯尼 -克兰 (Kenny Kline)可以证明这点。 2012年，克兰在维持薪水不变的情况下减少了 20名全职员工的工作时间，这些人是他聘请来为医学认证考试编写实践问题的。为期四个月的实验最后以失败告终。 克兰是密苏里州圣路易斯公司的合伙创办人，他们在美国专门出售医学考试的备考资料。在他看来，给员工们六个小时而不是通常的八个小时来设计考试问题的做法使公司的 文化变得更糟了。 他说： “员工的工作确实更加勤奋了，我们的工作进度也加快了许多。但他们之间完全没有

36、了互动。他们在工作中也少了很多乐趣。 ” 如果没有充裕的午餐或休息时间，员工们曾一度享受的同事友情就会处于停顿状态。此外，克兰还表示，员工们在如此工作一天之后精神上无比疲惫。 他说： “由于工作集中强度大，一天只有六小时的工作时间让他们苦不堪言。 ” 罗伊斯皮革公司的鲍尔则考虑到一些人需要更多的工作时间，才能更富有成效。他一边减少了生产线工人的工作时间，一边给他负责产品研发和设计的 20位员工加薪，并鼓励他们每天工作十小时而不是惯例的八小时。这样做是为了让他们能够以更加悠闲的节奏创作和交流想法。 鲍尔说： “增加工作时间肯定能让办公室的氛围变得轻松不少，没有了那么多的压力，大家的工作肯定会更有

37、效率。 ”提倡灵活性威廉姆斯 -约斯特表示，要使缩短工作时间获得成功，公司就必须把改变办公时间作为一条能适应不同员工和业务需要的指导原则，而不仅仅是一条刻板的规定。 比如，她说： “如果当办公场地关闭期间有些业务必须得完成，那该怎么办呢 ?”此外，如果公司给员工派了 40个小时的工作量，却只付给 30小时工作时间的薪水，那又该如何办 ? 乔迪 -格林斯通 -米勒 (Jody Greenstone Miller)手下有 75个员工，他们可以选择一周工作 10、 20、 30或者 40小时 (他们都会获得相对应的报酬 )。在她看来，了解每项任务会花费的时间才是关键。 格林斯通 -米勒说： “作为一

38、名经理，你必须确保员工不至工作过度。因为如果他们的工作太多，他们最终会变得不满。 ”格林斯通 -米勒是商业人才公司的执行总裁和合伙创始人，该公司是一家咨询公司，在美国有五家办事处，客户遍布欧洲、亚洲、澳大利亚、北美和南美。 黛比 -卡罗 (Debbie Carreau)是 (加拿大 )亚伯达省卡尔加里市一家激励人力资源公司的执行总裁和创办人，她同意米勒的说法。为了避免工作时间效率低下，作为其人力资源公司服务于十几家加拿大和美国公司的一个范例，卡罗的 12人团队在 9：00到 15： 00之间处理他们绝大部分的工作。下午三点以后，团队成员就可以回家，但是要随时待命，经常要晚上用一或两个小时来处理

39、自客户紧急信件，解决工作上的意外事故、处理业绩问题和听令行事。 卡罗说： “一周工作 37个小时后，人就没有工作效率了。工作时间越长并不意味着 做得越好。 ” 【知识模块】 英译汉 二、 PART 2 Chinese-English Translation (40 points) Translate the following passage into English. The time for this part is 60 minutes. 9 【正确答案】 Creating a safe, productive and rewarding work environment is impo

40、rtant. (It is important to create a safe, efficient and fruitful working environment. ) 【知识模块】 汉译英 10 【正确答案】 Dont wear those informal/ casual clothes to work; try to look more professional! 【知识模块】 汉译英 11 【正确答案】 Because of the economic depression/ downturn/ recession this year, there is a hiring free

41、ze in most companies/ most firms stop recruiting new employees. 【知识模块】 汉译英 12 【正确答案】 You may be sure that we will get in touch with you/ contact you at once if an opening occurs due to a staff expansion or a resignation. 【知识模块】 汉译英 13 【正确答案】 You can send an agenda to employees one day prior to/ befo

42、re the meeting, outlining/ describing your goals and objectives for the session/ it. This will help keep the meeting focused and prevent others/ participants from going off the topic/ track. 【知识模块】 汉译英 14 【正确答案】 Unless resolved in time, what seems only a trifle at first may eventually turn into a se

43、rious problem. Such a situation has been commonplace in/ at the workplace. 【知识模块】 汉译英 15 【正确答案】 Robots What should we do right now to cope with the idea that robots will take the place of human workers? If we draw a lesson from history, we find that some people might advocate protectionism to preven

44、t some jobs from being replaced by automation, thus maintaining employment levels for the moment. With the development of driverless vehicles in the next decade, about 233, 000 taxi drivers and 1. 7 million truck drivers in America will face the prospect of losing their jobs. Though many people in A

45、merican cities are opposed to driverless cars, it is a shortsighted reaction. In the long run, this attitude will cost the country its competitive edge causing it to fall behind other countries that have embraced the more efficient new technologies. Therefore , over the next 20 years unskilled worke

46、rs will probably feel the pain of their jobs being taken over robots. Consequently, the gap between the rich and the poor will widen, causing greater tension (which, in turn, will aggravate/ exacerbate the tension) and prompting some people to advocate raising the minimum wage. However, increasing t

47、he minimum wage, like protectionism, could eventually lead to the opposite result. For instance, raising the minimum wages for employees of hotels and fast food restaurants may only encourage automation, which would save companies more money. Thus, rather than resorting to protectionism and raising

48、the minimum salary, we ought to carefully consider how to improve our outmoded education system. 【知识模块】 汉译英 16 【正确答案】 Job Hunting To succeed in todays global marketplace, companies must hire the best and the brightest people. Having talented employees can make the difference between success and fail

49、ure (they are the key to success). Job hunting in this new economy is competitive and requires your best efforts. In the past, jobs and careers were stable, and predictable. Today all of that is different. Jobs, careers, and the world of work are changing and unpredictable and involve risk (but now things are different: work, careers and workplaces are characterized by changes, uncertainty and risks). If you want to be successful, you have to take smart risks, know the rules, and play by them (abide by/ follow them). To set yourself apart from the co