ASTM B560-2000(2005) Standard Specification for Modern Pewter Alloys《新的锡铅合金的标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: B 560 00 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Specification forModern Pewter Alloys1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 560; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in

2、 parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers three alloy types, made fromtin, antimony, and copper, used in the fabrication of pewterarticles by casting, spinning

3、, drawing, or forming. The metalmay be supplied in the form of bars, ingots, rolled sheet, andcircles.1.2 Pewter alloy shall be defined as having a compositionwithin the range from 90 to 98 % tin, 1 to 8 % antimony, and0.25 to 3 % copper. Compositions are given in Table 1.1.3 The values stated in in

4、ch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to become familiarwith all hazards

5、including those identified in the appropriateMaterial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/materialas provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriatesafety and health practices, and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standard

6、s:2E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE51 Method for Spectrographic analysis of Tin Alloys bythe Powder Technique3E57 Method for Chemical Analysis of White Metal Bear-ing Alloys3E88 Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals and Alloysin Ca

7、st Form for Determination of Chemical Composition3. Classification3.1 The hardness and workability of pewter varies with theamount of antimony and copper alloyed with the tin. Castingalloys generally contain less copper and a slightly higher tincontent than sheet alloys. The composition for castings

8、 (Type1) and sheet (Type 2) are shown in Table 1 , but individualfabricators may choose compositions in the range given foreach type. A special-purpose alloy (Type 3), high in tin, is usedfor articles requiring a softer metal. All types must conform tothe impurity limits shown in Table 1.3.2 The fol

9、lowing applies to all specified limits in thisstandard: For purposes of determining conformance with thesespecifications an observed value or a calculated value shall berounded “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand place offigures used in expressing the limiting value, in accordancewith the r

10、ounding method of Practice E29.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shouldinclude the following:4.1.1 Quantity,4.1.2 Formbars, sheet, or circles,4.1.3 Type and composition (Table 1),4.1.4 Size (sheetthickness, width and length; circlesthickness and diameter), and4.

11、1.5 Marking.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 onNonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeB02.02 on Refined Lead, Tin, Antimony, and Their Alloys.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2005. Published February 2006. Originallyapproved in

12、 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as B 560 - 00.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3

13、Withdrawn.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsElementComposition, -wt%Type 1 CastingAlloyAType 2 Sheet AlloyBType 3 SpecialPurpose AlloysUNS Number L13911 L13912 L13963Tin 9093 9093 9598Antimony 68 57.5 1.03.0Copper 0.252.0 1.53.0 1.02.0Lead, max 0.05 0.05 0.05Arsenic, max 0.05 0.05 0.05Iron, max 0.015 0.0

14、15 0.015Zinc, max 0.005 0.005 0.005ANominal Type 1 alloy composition: 92 Sn, 7.5 Sb, and 0.5 Cu.BNominal Type 2 alloy composition: 91 Sn, 7 Sb, and 2 Cu.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1

15、The manufacturer shall use care to have each shipmentof each form as uniform in quality and composition as possibleand of a commercially satisfactory appearance.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as tochemical composition specified in Table 1. Nominal composi-t

16、ions, agreed upon by the manufacturer and purchaser, may beprescribed under this specification.7. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations7.1 Sheet pewter is commercially available in thicknessesfrom 0.031 to 0.064 6 0.002 in. (0.79 to 1.63 mm) (Table 2).Thinner sheet down to a thickness of 0.01

17、0 in. (0.25 mm) canbe supplied to special order. Sheet can be supplied in widths upto 2 ft (0.6 m) and lengths up to 4 ft (1.2 m).7.2 Circles are available in diameters from 2 to 20 in. (50.8to 508 mm) and in thicknesses from 0.031 to 0.064 6 0.002 in.(Table 2).7.3 Bars or ingots are nominally 5 lb

18、(2.27 kg) in mass.8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance8.1 Surface defects in bars or ingots are of no importance.Surface defects in sheet pewter or circles may be a cause forrejection if the defects (pits or dents) cannot be removed to thetotal satisfaction of the purchaser by polishing. Rejection

19、 of anentire shipment should be made only if the surface defects arepresent on a substantial percentage of the shipment.9. Sampling9.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon by the manufacturer andthe purchaser, heat (ladle) analyses furnished by the manufac-turer shall be accepted as defining the composition

20、 of thematerial furnished.9.2 If samples for check analyses are desired, they shall beso specified by the purchaser at the time of placement of theorder.9.3 Check analyses samples shall consist of three bars oringots selected to represent a shipment of less than 1000 lb(454 kg) and five bars or ingo

21、ts to represent a shipment of over1000 lb (454 kg). The bars shall be selected at random,preferably under such conditions that every piece in the lot isaccessible for selection (for example, while shipment is beingloaded or unloaded). A saw cut shall be made entirely throughthe piece on its long axi

22、s and the saw chips collected. Sawingsthoroughly mixed and split into three parts shall constitute thesamples for chemical analysis (Practice E88).9.4 For sheet, circles, and discs, a sample shall consist ofclippings from not more than 2 % of the shipment. Theminimum mass of sample shall be 250 g.10

23、. Chemical Analysis10.1 In case of dispute, the chemical analysis shall be madein accordance with Methods E57andE51.11. Rejection and Rehearing11.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements ofthis specification may be rejected. Rejection should be reportedTABLE 2 Available Nominal Sizes and

24、 Mass of Pewter Metal SheetsGage 20 19 18 17 16 15 14Thickness:in. 0.031 0.035 0.040 0.045 0.050 0.057 0.064mm 0.79 0.89 1.02 1.14 1.27 1.45 1.63Mass:oz/ft219.0 22.0 25.0 28.1 31.3 35.9 40.6kg/m25.8 6.7 7.6 8.6 9.5 10.9 12.4CirclesGage 20 19 18 17 16 15 14Diameter Nominal Massin. mm oz g oz g oz g o

25、z g oz g oz g oz g2 5.1 0.33 8.5 0.40 11.3 0.50 14.2 0.60 17.0 0.66 18.7 0.75 21.2 0.80 22.73 7.6 1.00 28.4 1.10 31.2 1.25 35.4 1.40 39.7 1.50 42.5 1.75 49.6 2.00 56.74 10.2 1.75 49.6 2.00 56.7 2.25 64.2 2.50 74.9 2.88 81.7 3.20 90.7 3.67 1045 12.7 2.67 75.7 3.00 85.1 3.50 99.2 4.00 113 4.33 123 5.0

26、0 142 5.67 1616 15.2 3.67 104 4.20 119 4.75 135 5.33 151 6.00 170 6.80 193 7.75 2207 17.8 5.13 144 6.00 170 6.75 191 7.60 216 8.50 241 9.67 274 11.00 3128 20.3 6.67 189 7.75 220 8.75 248 9.88 280 11.00 312 12.50 354 14.25 4049 22.9 8.50 241 10.00 284 11.25 319 12.67 359 14.00 397 16.13 457 18.25 515

27、10 25.4 10.25 291 11.88 337 13.50 383 15.13 429 16.88 479 19.33 479 22.00 62411 28.0 12.50 354 14.50 411 16.50 468 18.50 525 20.67 586 23.67 671 26.88 76212 30.5 15.00 425 17.25 489 19.67 558 22.00 624 24.50 695 28.13 797 31.88 90413 33.0 17.50 496 20.25 574 23.00 652 25.88 734 28.75 815 33.00 936 3

28、7.33 106814 35.6 20.33 576 23.50 666 26.75 758 30.00 851 33.50 950 38.33 1087 43.50 123315 38.1 23.33 661 27.00 766 30.75 872 34.50 978 38.50 1091 44.13 1251 50.00 141816 40.6 26.67 756 30.88 886 35.00 992 39.33 1115 43.75 1240 50.20 1424 56.88 161317 43.2 29.88 847 34.50 978 39.25 1113 44.13 1261 4

29、9.00 1389 56.30 1596 63.75 180718 45.7 33.67 955 39.00 1106 44.25 1255 49.75 1410 55.33 1569 63.50 1801 72.00 204119 48.3 37.40 1060 43.33 1228 49.25 1396 55.40 1571 61.50 1743 70.67 2003 80.00 226820 50.8 41.50 1177 48.00 1361 54.50 1545 61.33 1739 68.13 1931 78.25 2218 88.50 2509B 560 00 (2005)2to

30、 the producer or supplier promptly and in writing. In case ofdissatisfaction with the results of the test, the producer orsupplier may make claim for a rehearing.12. Product Marking12.1 At the option of the purchaser, the manufacturersidentifying mark shall be cast or stamped on each bar. Thenumeric

31、al designation of the type shall be either cast on eachbar for identification or marked on the container. Sheet metalshall be marked on the container as to type, for identificationpurposes.13. Keywords13.1 bar; ingot; pewter; rolled sheet; tinantimonycopperalloysAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1.

32、 ADDITIONAL INFORMATIONX1.1 Modern pewter can be fabricated into decorative andutilitarian articles. Articles made from modern pewter have asurface finish which very slowly tarnishes or discolors in theatmosphere. Washing at intervals in soapy water, rinsing, andimmediately drying thoroughly removes

33、 surface grime andrenovates the appearance. Many pewter articles are designed todispense foods and beverages (mugs, tumblers, vegetabledishes, water pitchers, etc.) and metal meeting this specifica-tion is mandatory for these uses.Pewter in the cast condition is harder than in any other form.Rolling

34、 the cast metal alters the crystal structure and the rolledsheet may be half as hard (see values below) as the cast metal,but this is an advantage for spinning and forming. Typicalproperties of an alloy containing 91 tin, 7 antimony, and 2copper are:Density 0.263 lb/in.3(7.3 mg/m3)Liquidus 563F (295

35、C)Solidus 471F (244C)Casting temperature range 600625F (316324C)Hardness (HB):As cast 23Cold-rolled sheet 13Annealed sheet 18Tensile strength, psi (MPa):Chill cast 9800 (67.6)Cold-rolled sheet 7600 (52.4)Annealed sheet 8600 (59.3)ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any pa

36、tent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revisio

37、n at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your com

38、ments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyright

39、ed by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).B 560 00 (2005)3