ASME Y14 13M-1981 Mechanical Spring Representation《机械弹簧图示》.pdf

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1、ASME Y14-13M 81 m 2575532 0048188 T m a AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ENGINEERING DRAWING AND RELATED DOCUMENTATION PRACTICES Mec hanical Spring Representation - ANSI Y14.13M-1981 - SEC RE TAR I AT THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS SOCIETY OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN SO

2、CIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS United Engineering Center 345 East 47th Street New York, N.Y. 10017 Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-ANSI Y14.13M 10 November 1981 USED INSTEAD OF MI L-ST

3、D-29 ACCEPTANCE NOT IC E This Non-Government document was adopted on 30 October 1981 and is approved for use by the DoD. The indicated industry group has furnished the clearance required by existing regulations. Copies of the document are stocked by the DoD Single Stock Point, Naval Publications and

4、 Forms Center, Philadelphia, PA 19120, for issue to DoD activities ody. Contractors and industry groups must obtain copies directly from ASME, 345 East 47th Street, New York, N.Y. 10017. Title of Document: Mechanical Spring Representation Document No.: ANSI Y14.13M-1981 Releasing Industry Group: The

5、 American Society of Mechanical Engineers Date of Specific Issue Adopted: 30 October 1981 Custodians: Army - AR; Navy - OS; Air Force - 16 Re view Activities : User Activity: Army - ME Navy - YD Military Coordinating Activity: Army - AR (Project No. DRPR-0245) Army - EA, AT, AV Navy - AS, SH, MC DLA

6、 - IS NOTICE: When reaffirmation, amendment, revision or cancellation of this standard is initially proposed, the industry group respon- sible for this standard shd inform the military coordinating activity of the proposed change and request participation. Date of Issuance: March 31, 1982 This code

7、or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Standards. The Consensus Committee that approved the code or standard was bal- anced to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The propo

8、sed code or standard was made available for public review andcomment which provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large. ASME does not “approve,“ “rate,“ or “endorse“ any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.

9、 ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in con- nection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insureanyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable Letters Patent, nor assume any such

10、liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Participation by federal agency representativek) or persons) affiliated with industry is not t

11、o be interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this code or standard. No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Copyright 1982 by THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEE

12、RS All Rights Reserved Printed in U.S.A. Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-ASME Y34.33M 83 2595532 0048370 8 FOREWORD (This Foreword is not a part of American National Standard, Enginee

13、ring Drawing and Related Documentation Practices, Mechanical Spring Representation, ANSI Y14.13M-1981.) Subcommittee 13 of the American National Standards Committee Y14, Standards for Engineering Drawing and Related Documentation Practices, was organized prior to 1963 for the purpose of determining

14、the need for a national drawing standard on mechanical springs. At that time, in addition to various proprietary industry design and drafting documents, two national standards existed: MIL-STD-29A and Section C3 of the SAE Aerospace-Automotive Drawing Standards. Both of these standards were replete

15、with design information. At the May 1972 meeting of the Y14 Committee, it was agreed that Subcommittee 13 should be reorganized and a new effort made to develop a national drawing standard for mechanical springs. This effort was made to first determine whether a standard was actually needed. The inv

16、estigation showed that MIL-STD-29A was being used in militasr programs requiring acquisition of springs from industry and showed that the Spring Manufacturers Institute and spring industry supported the need for establishing a standard for expressing functional requirements on engineering drawings (

17、corresponding to the existant manufacturing standard), Consequently, a first draft was produced using MIL-STD-29A as the basis and attempting to eliminate design information. Circulation of the first draft to various individuals in the manufacturing as well as the drawing preparation category occurr

18、ed late in February 1978. The comments that were received were considered in preparing subsequent drafts. This Standard does not presume to restrict drawing content to only that which appears herein. Drawings must convey design intent and be complete enough that a designated part can be produced fro

19、m them. This Standard does not intend to suggest that the types of springs presented herein are more important than those omitted. The choice of which types of springs to present was made on the basis of those types found in MILSTD-29A. This document has been prepared in a manner that is independent

20、 of the system of measure- ment to be used. Traditional terms (such as “load”) have been changed to technically correct terms (such as “force”). Suggestions for improvement of this Standard will be welcomed. They should be sent to the American National Standards Institute, 1430 Broadway, New York, N

21、ew York 10018. This Standard was approved by the American National Standards Institute on October 30, 1981. - iii O Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-ASME Y34.33M 83 AMERICAN NATIONAL S

22、TANDARDS COMMITTEE Y14 Engineering Drawing and Related Documentation Practices (The following is the roster of the Committee at the time ofapproval of this Standard.) OFFICERS R. F. Francioce, Chairman - - C. J. Gomez, Secretary COMMITTEE PERSONNEL AMERICAN INSTITUTE FOR DESIGN AND DRAFTING H. G. Wh

23、itmire, Teledyne McCormick Selph, Hollister, California Prof. L. M. Billow, United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland Prof. K. E. Botkin, Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana Prof. W. J. Luzader, Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana AhlERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, THE A. . Machel

24、/, Jr., Xerox Corporation, Rochester, New York AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR ENGINEERING EDUCATION, THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN RAILROADS M. F. McCorcle, Saint Louis-San Francisco Railroad, Springfield, Missouri ASSOCIATION OF REPRODUCTION MATERIALS MANUFACTURERS, INCORPORATED P. Nowers, Association of Repro

25、duction Materials Manufacturers, Incorporated, Alexandria, Virginia COMPUTERS AND BUSINESS EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION F. X. Walsh, IBM Corporation, Poughkeepsie, New York CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIES MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION P. McKim, Caterpillar Tractor Co., Peoria, Illinois ILLUMINATING ENGIN

26、EERING SOCIETY - - i. E. Barbrow, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C. J. E. Kaufman, Alternate, Illuminating Engineering Society of New York, New York - INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL always used in conjunction with the number of degrees of rotation, number of revolutions, or deflected position.

27、 6 DETAIL REQUIREMENTS 6.1 Introduction Drawing examples shown in this Standard illustrate a method of drawing and dimensioning the various types of springs listed in 2.1. They include compila- tions of spring data to be used as applicable when 2 - Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under

28、license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-ASME Y34.33M 83 M 2575532 0048377 O AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD MECHANICAL SPRING REPRESENTATI ON specifying the requirements for a mechanical spring. These examples should not be interpreted as ayequire

29、- ment that spring characteristics must be specified on engineering drawings oniy in the manner shown. 6.1.1 Delineation. The simplified drafting meth- ods shown on the drawing examples for helical springs are generally satisfactory. 6.2 Requirements Applicable to All Spring Drawings Requirements ap

30、plicable to all spring drawings are material specifications and inspection notes. 6.2.1 Material Specif cations. Material specifica- tions are designated in the space provided on the drawing. Where such space is inadequate, enter “SEE NOTE” and describe the material requirements in a general note. 6

31、.2.1.1 Material Size. Wire cross section or width and thickness of material shall be designated as applicable, and unless otherwise specified, ali dimen- sions apply before plating or applying finishes. Tolerances on diameter and thickness shall not be specified where they are covered in the appropr

32、iate material specification or by general tolerance notes. Specify a tolerance on the width where applicable. 6.2.2 Inspection Notes. Detail drawings of ali springs, including those subjected to critical condi- tions of temperature, stress, or corrosive environ- ments, shall include appropriate insp

33、ection require- ments. Specify those Characteristics requiring inspec- tion and the tests required. 6.3 Format for Special Data Notes that are required on detail drawings of springs. (FORMING) STRAINS The following are examples of special data notes (a) STRESS RELIEVE TO REMOVE COILING (b) HARDNESS

34、RANGE Rc- to- (c) SQUARENESS OF ENDS IN FREE POSI- (d) SHOT PEEN FOR MAXIMUM LIFE (e) PROTECTIVE COATING-(Give spec- cf) NONDESTRUCTIVE INSPECTION TION WITHIN- deg. ification .) (Give specification.) 3 ANSI Y14.13M-1981 Cylindrical Convex Right-Hand Helix Right-Hand Helix Cylindrical With Coned End

35、Left-Hand Helix Concave Conical Right-Hand Helix Right-Hand Helix FIG. 1 HELICAL COMPRESSION SPRING FORMS ) THE BODY SHALL NOT CAMBER MORE (h) TEST OVER ARBOR DIAMETER (i) TO WITHSTAND TEMPERATURES OF HR AT A LENGTH OF WITH FORCE LOSS NOT TO EXCEED- % (j) TOWITHSTAND DEFLECTIONS FROM INITIAL TO FINA

36、L POSITION WTH FORCE LOSS NOT TO EXCEED- % THAN-IN ITS ENTIRE LENGTH -deg. FOR 6.4 Helical Compression Springs A compression spring is an open coil helical spring that offers resistance to a compressive force applied axially. Compression springs are generally cylindrical in form, although other form

37、s are available (such as conical, tapered, concave, or convex). Wire of circular cross section is normally used. However, where there is a design advantage, wire of square or rectangular cross section should be specified. Figure 1 illustrates several forms of helical compression springs. Copyright A

38、SME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-ASME Y34.33M 83 W 2575532 O048378 2 W AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD MECHANICAL SPRING REPRESENTATION 6.4.1 Drawing Requirements for Helical Com- pression Springs. Gu

39、idelines which provide for helical compression spring design requirements on an en- gineering drawing (dimensionally and physically) and which allow maximum latitude in manufacturing are categorized as follows. (a) No Force Specqied. The design activity ac- cepts the responsibility for the capabilit

40、y of the spring. The manufacturer must furnish a spring that meets the dimensional data specified. The free length, the coil diameter, and the total number of coils are specified, each with a tolerance. The tolerance on the wire diameter conforms to the governing mate- rial specification. See Fig. 2

41、. (b) One Force Specified. This category has ap- plication where the spring is required to resist a force, within a specified tolerance, preferably at the initial assembled length. The spring is not normally sub- jected to further deflection in operation. The manu- facturer is required to meet physi

42、cal requirements, but the free length and the total number of coils are not restricted. The tolerance on the wire diameter conforms to the governing material specification and the specific coil diameter is dependent upon spring function. See Fig. 3. (c) Two Forces Specqied. This category has applica

43、tion where the spring is required to resist a force, within a specified tolerance, at each end of two definite compressed lengths, normally at the initial and the fial operating positions ir. the assembly. The manufacturer is required to meet the physical requirements, other spring characteristics b

44、eing designated as described in (b) above. See Fig. 4. (d) Spring Rate Specgied. This category has application in assemblies in which the spring rate is the most significant characteristic, for example, in calibrated scales. Because spring rate is not perfectly linear, the two lengths between which

45、the rate is to be checked should be specified. The manufacturer is required to meet a prescribed spring rate, but the free length and the total number of coils are permitted to vary. The tolerance on the wire diameter conforms to the governing material specification and the specific coil diameter is

46、 dependent upon the spring function. Additionally, where closer control of the force to be resisted at the initial assembled length is desired, one force, with a tolerance to be developed at the as- sembled length, should be specified. See Fig. 5. ANSI Y14.13M-1981 6.4.1.1 Coil Diameter. Depending u

47、pon the application of the spring, specify the following as required: (a) TO WORK OVER-MAX. DIAMETER ROD (b) TO WORK IN-MIN. DIAMETER BORE (c) I.D. (with tolerance) (d) O.D. (with tolerance) 6.4.1.2 Direction of Helix. Where governed by design requirements, specify the direction of helix as “LEFT HA

48、ND” (LH), or “RIGHT HA” (RH), as applicable; otherwise, specify the direction of helix as “OPTIONAL.” In most cases, the hand is not impor- tant except where a plug is screwed into the end or where one spring fits inside another. In the case of the latter, one spring should be designated left hand a

49、nd the other spring right hand. 6.4.1.3 Type of Ends. The type of ends having application to helical compression springs are illus- trated in Fig. 6. Specify the type of ends on the draw- ing. Where necessary, the ends should be dimen- sioned. 6.4.1.4 Solid Length. The maximum solid length shall be specified for any spring category where this parameter is essential to design require- ments. However, solid length should be omitted wherever practicable. Except where necessary to satisfy functio