ASME EA-3G-2010 Guidance for ASME EA-3 Energy Assessment for Steam Systems《蒸汽系统的能量评估ASME EA-3标准用指南》.pdf

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1、 ASME EA-3G2010Guidance for ASME EA-3, Energy Assessment for Steam Systems(ANSI Designation: ASME TR EA-3G2010)AN ASME TECHNICAL REPORTINTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANKASME EA-3G2010Guidance for ASME EA-3, Energy Assessment for Steam SystemsA TECHNICAL REPORT PREPARED BY ASME AND REGISTERED WITH ANSI(ANSI De

2、signation: ASME TR EA-3G2010)Three Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USADate of Issuance: September 24, 2010This Guide will be revised when the Society approves the issuance of a new edition. There will be no addenda or written interpretations of the requirements of this Guide issued to this edition.AS

3、ME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.ASME does not approve, rate, or endorse any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any items menti

4、oned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assumes any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and

5、 the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those in

6、terpretations of this document issued in accordance with the established ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permis

7、sion of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2010 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.iiiCONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Roster vCorrespondence With the EA Committee . vi1 Scope 12 Def

8、initions . 13 Overview of the Standard How to Use ASME EA-3 24 Guide to Organizing the Assessment 35 Guide to Conducting the Assessment . 76 Guide to Assessment Data Analysis 217 Guide to Report and Documentation . 23Figure1 Heat Exchanger 11Nonmandatory AppendixA Key References . 25ivFOREWORDThis g

9、uidance document provides technical background and application details in support of the understanding and application of ASME EA-3, Energy Assessment for Steam Systems. This guidance document provides background and supporting information to assist in applying the standard. The guidance document co

10、vers such topics as the rationale for the technical requirements of the assessment standard; technical guidance, application notes, alternative approaches, tips, techniques, rules-of-thumb; and example results from fulfilling the requirements of the assessment standard. This guidance document was de

11、veloped to be used as an application guide on how to utilize ASME EA-3.ASME EA-3 provides a standardized framework for conducting an assessment of steam systems. A steam system is defined as a system containing steam generator(s) or other steam source(s), a steam distribution network, and end-use eq

12、uipment. Cogeneration and power generation components may also be elements of the system. If steam condensate is collected and returned, the condensate return subsystem is a part of the steam system. Assessments performed using the requirements set by ASME EA-3 involve collecting and analyzing syste

13、m design, operation, energy use, and perform-ance data, and identifying energy performance improvement opportunities for system optimization. These assessments may also include additional information, such as recommendations for improving resource utilization, reducing per unit production cost, redu

14、cing life cycle costs, and improving environmental performance of the assessed system(s). ASME EA-3 provides a common definition for what constitutes an assessment for both users and providers of assess-ment services. The objective is to provide clarity for these types of services that have been var

15、iously described as energy assessments, energy audits, energy surveys, and energy studies. In all cases, systems (energy-using logical groups of industrial equipment organized to perform a specific function) are analyzed through various techniques resulting in the identification, documentation, and

16、prioritization of performance improvement opportunities. This Guide is part of a portfolio of documents and other efforts designed to improve the energy efficiency of indus-trial facilities. Initially, assessment standards and guidance documents are being developed for compressed air, process heatin

17、g, pumping, and steam systems. Other related existing and planned efforts to improve the efficiency of industrial facilities include (a) ASME Assessment Standards, which set the requirements for conducting and reporting the results of compressed air, process heating, pumping, and steam assessments(b

18、) a certification program for each ASME assessment standard that recognizes certified practitioners as individuals who have demonstrated, via a professional qualifying exam, that they have the necessary knowledge and skills to apply the assessment standard properly(c) an energy management standard,

19、A Management System for Energy, ANSI/MSE 2000:2008, which is a stand-ardized approach to managing energy supply, demand, reliability, purchase, storage, use, and disposal and is used to control and reduce an organizations energy costs and energy-related environmental impactNOTE: ANSI/MSE 2000:2008 w

20、ill eventually be superseded by ISO 50001, which is now under development.(d) an ANSI measurement and verification protocol that includes methodologies for verifying the results of energy efficiency projects(e) a program, Superior Energy Performance, that will offer an ANSI-accredited certification

21、for energy efficiency through application of ANSI/MSE 2000:2008 and documentation of a specified improvement in energy performance using the ANSI measurement and verification protocolThe complementary documents described above, when used together, will assist organizations seeking to establish and i

22、mplement company-wide or site-wide energy plans.Publication of this Technical Report that has been registered with ANSI has been approved by ASME. This document is registered as a Technical Report according to the Procedures for the Registration of Technical Reports with ANSI. This document is not a

23、n American National Standard and the material contained herein is not normative in nature. Comments on the content of this document should be sent to the Managing Director, Technical, Codes and Standards, ASME.vASME INDUSTRIAL SYSTEM ENERGY ASSESSMENT STANDARDS COMMITTEE(The following is the roster

24、of the Committee at the time of approval of this Guide.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSF. P. Fendt, ChairP. E. Sheaffer, Vice ChairR. L. Crane, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELJ. A. Almaguer, The Dow Chemical Co.R. D. Bessette, Council of Industrial Boiler OwnersR. L. Crane, The American Society

25、of Mechanical EngineersG. T. Cunningham, Tennessee Tech UniversityT. J. Dunn, Weyerhaeuser Co.F. P. Fendt, The Dow Chemical Co.A. R. Ganji, San Francisco State UniversityJ. C. Ghislain, Ford Motor Co.T. A. Gunderzik, XCEL EnergyS. J. Korellis, Contributing Member, Electric Power Research InstituteA.

26、 T. McKane, Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryW. A. Meffert, Georgia Institute of TechnologyJ. L. Nicol, Science Applications International Corp.J. D. Rees, North Carolina State UniversityP. E. Scheihing, U.S. Department of EnergyP. E. Sheaffer, Resource Dynamics Corp.V. C. Tutterow, Project Perf

27、ormance Corp.L. Whitehead, Tennessee Valley AuthorityA. L. Wright, Oak Ridge National LaboratoryR. G. Wroblewski, Productive Energy Solutions, LLCA. L. Wright, Chair, Oak Ridge National LaboratoryG. Harrell, Vice Chair, Energy Management ServicesR. J. Jendrucko, Vice Chair, ConsultantP. E. Sheaffer,

28、 Secretary, Resource Dynamics Corp.W. R. Behr, ConsultantD. M. Bloom, Nalco Co.C. R. Bozzuto, ConsultantS. Connor, Cleaver BrooksF. P. Fendt, The Dow Chemical Co.G. Hahn, Spirax SarcoG. M. Halley, American Boiler Manufacturers AssociationN. Iordanova, Armstrong Service, Inc.G. McCoy, Washington Stat

29、e UniversityR. A. Papar, Hudson Technologies Co.W. L. Wells, LyondellBasellPROJECT TEAM EA-3 ENERGY ASSESSMENT FOR STEAM SYSTEMSviCORRESPONDENCE WITH THE EA COMMITTEEGeneral. ASME documents are developed and maintained with the intent to represent the consensus of concerned interests. As such, users

30、 of this technical report may interact with the Committee by proposing revisions and attend-ing Committee meetings. Correspondence should be addressed to:Secretary, EA CommitteeThe American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park AvenueNew York, NY 10016-5990http:/go.asme.org/InquiryProposing Revi

31、sions. Revisions are made periodically to the technical report to incorporate changes that appear nec-essary or desirable, as demonstrated by the experience gained from the application of the technical report. Approved revisions will be published periodically.The Committee welcomes proposals for rev

32、isions to this technical report. Such proposals should be as specific as possible, citing the paragraph number(s), the proposed wording, and a detailed description of the reasons for the proposal, including any pertinent documentation.Attending Committee Meetings. The EA Committee holds meetings or

33、telephone conferences, which are open to the public. Persons wishing to attend any meeting or telephone conference should contact the Secretary of the EA Standards Committee.ASME EA-3G2010Guidance for aSMe ea-3, enerGy aSSeSSMent for SteaM SySteMS11 ScoPe 1.1 ScopeThis guidance document provides an

34、application guide on how to utilize ASME EA-3, Energy Assessment for Steam Systems. This guidance document provides background and supporting information to assist in applying the standard. 1.2 PurposeASME EA-3 sets the requirements that need to be performed during the assessment. ASME EA-3 was writ

35、ten in a form suitable for a standard, with concise text and without examples or explanations. This document was developed to be used in conjunction with the standard to give basic guidance on how to fulfill the requirements of the standard. This document is only a guide, it does not set any new req

36、uirements, and ASME EA-3 can be used with or without this document.2 definitionS assessment: activities undertaken to identify energy performance improvement opportunities in a steam system that consider all components and functions, from energy inputs to the work performed as the result of these in

37、puts. Individual components or subsystems need not be addressed with equal weight, but assessments shall be sufficiently comprehensive to identify the major energy efficiency opportunities for improving overall system energy perform-ance. System impact versus individual component characteristics sho

38、uld be discussed.assessment conditions: the operating conditions during the assessment period that serve as the basis of the measure-ments for the assessment investigations. baseline conditions: a set of operating conditions, and the associated system energy use, that the assessment team will use as

39、 a basis for calculating energy improvement opportunity impacts. Baseline conditions can, for example, be the assessment operating conditions, normal operating conditions, future operating conditions, or past operating conditions. Conservation of Energy (energy balance): the application of the princ

40、iple of conservation of energy as developed from the first law of thermodynamics is identified as an energy balance. Stated simply, the principle of conservation of energy is as follows: energy can neither be created nor destroyed by natural processes; it can only change form. An energy balance can

41、be applied to a single component, a composite subsystem, or an entire system.Conservation of Mass (mass balance): the application of the principle of conservation of mass as developed from the first law of thermodynamics is identified as a mass balance. Stated simply, the principle of conservation o

42、f mass is as follows: mass can neither be created nor destroyed by natural processes; it can only change form. A mass balance can be applied to a single component, a composite subsystem, or an entire system. efficiency: the general term used to describe the effectiveness of energy utilization in a c

43、omponent, a subsystem, or an entire system. Specific definitions are ascribed to the various applications of efficiency. A general identification of efficiency that satisfies most applications is the ratio of the useful energy output divided by the energy input. energy stream: a flow of material, he

44、at, and/or power crossing a boundary of a system. Common energy streams are electricity, fuel (e.g., natural gas, coal, process waste fuel), stack gas, steam, or water (including blowdown and condensate).ASME EA-3G20102field measurement: the evaluation of a system variable through the use of instrum

45、entation. Typical field measurements include temperature, pressure, and flow. First Law of Thermodynamics: the combined amount of mass and energy is neither created nor destroyed by natural processes; it can only change form. In other words, the amount of mass and energy in the universe remains cons

46、tant. In steam system applications it is almost always appropriate to separate the First Law of Thermodynamics into the principle of the Conservation of Mass and the principle of the Conservation of Energy. impact costs: the true economic influence of a commodity. Impact costs are commonly expressed

47、 in terms of an appli-cable unit of energy ($/106 Btu, for example) and accurately reflect the financial influence of a specific system opera-tional or equipment change. The manner of calculation of impact cost may vary, depending on a specific action considered.model: one or more equations expressi

48、ng conservation principles and other relationships that describe the characteris-tics of an energy system. The equation(s) may be solved manually (if sufficiently simple) or with computer simulation (computer model). normal operating conditions: a set of operating conditions when the equipment loadi

49、ng, system parameters, and proc-ess demands are reflective of typical or nominal conditions. operating conditions: those of a facility are the basic system characteristics, such as steam production, equipment load-ing, process demands, and many additional parameters. These conditions are both qualitative (e.g., type of boiler controls) and quantitative (e.g., boiler steam production level).steam system: a system containing steam generator(s) or other steam source(s), a steam distribution network, and end-use equipment. Cogeneration and power generation components may also b