ANSI SAIA A92.7-2014 Airline Ground Support Vehicle-Mounted Vertical Lift Devices.pdf

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1、ANSI/SAIA A92.7 2014 for Airline Ground Support Vehicle-Mounted Vertical Lift Devices Date of Publication: March 26, 2014 This Standard will become effective: September 26, 2014 This Standard was approved by the American National Standards Institute on March 4, 2014 The design and manufacturing requ

2、irements of this standard apply to all aerial platforms manufactured on or after the effective date. All other provisions of this standard apply to both new and existing units delivered by sale, lease, rental, or for any form of beneficial use on or after the effective date. The effective date is es

3、tablished by the standards developer and not by the American National Standards Institute. This standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Standards. The Consensus Committee that approved the standard was balanced to assure that individuals from

4、competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed standard was made available for public review and comment which provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large. The Scaffold their existen

5、ce does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give

6、 an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be addressed to the secretariat or spo

7、nsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five

8、 years from the date of approval. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Published by Scaffold Owners (Section 6); Users (Section 7); Operators (Section 8); Lessors (Section 9); Lesse

9、es (Section 10); and Brokers (Section 11). Manufacturer. A person or entity that makes, builds, or produces an aerial platform. Maximum Travel Height. The maximum platform height or the most adverse configuration(s) with respect to stability in which travel is permitted by the manufacturer. Modifica

10、tion, Modified. To make a change(s) to an aerial platform that affects the operation, stability, safety factors, rated load or safety of the aerial platform in any way. Most Adverse Stability Condition(s). The permitted configuration of the aerial platform most likely to cause instability while main

11、taining stability. Factors to be considered shall include: (1) With zero load to maximum test load 17 (2) Up to and including maximum platform height (3) All positions and configurations of the platform(s) (4) All wheel and axle positions (5) Forward and backward configurations of the elevating asse

12、mbly (6) All other moveable features which affect the stability of the aerial platform Multiple Rating(s), Multiple Rated Loads. Two or more different rated work loads based on alternative configurations of the aerial platform. Non-Ductile Materials. Materials having an elongation of less than 10% i

13、n 2 inches (50.8 mm). Operation. Performance of functions of an aerial platform within the scope of its specifications and in accordance with the manufacturers instructions, the users work rules, and applicable governmental regulations. Operator. A qualified person who controls the movement of the a

14、erial platform. Outriggers. Devices that increase the stability of the aerial platform and that are capable of lifting and leveling the aerial platform. Override. To take over aerial platform movement control functions at the upper control station by those at the lower control station. Owner. A pers

15、on or entity that has possession of an aerial platform by virtue of proof of purchase. Passenger: Person that enters, exits, or occupies a ground support vehicle solely for the purpose of conveyance, being transported or moved and having no association with the operation of the ground support vehicl

16、e. Platform. The portion of an aerial platform intended to be occupied by personnel with their necessary tools and materials. Platform Height. The vertical distance measured from the floor of the platform to the surface upon which the machine is being supported. Powered Functions. Those which contro

17、l motion of the platform or the aerial platform and are caused by electro-mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic forces. Qualified Person. One who, by possession of a recognized degree, certificate, or professional standing, or by extensive knowledge, training, and experience, has successfully demonstra

18、ted his/her ability to solve or resolve problems related to the subject matter, the work, or the project. Rated Horizontal Force. The maximum permissible horizontal force at the top rail which can be applied to the aerial platform as specified by the manufacturer. Rated Work Load. The designed carry

19、ing capacity of the aerial platform as specified by the manufacturer. Rebuild/Recondition. The act of disassembly, repair or adjustment of an aerial platform or component, utilizing replacement parts and components, in accomplishing work beyond the scope of maintenance (as described and used in the

20、standard) in order to restore, to the extent possible, the aerial platform or component to the original manufactured specifications. Remanufacture. The modification of an aerial platform, either by the original manufacturer or another qualified entity, so that the aerial platform will comply with th

21、e ANSI Standard in effect on the date the modification is completed. Repair. The act of restoring to good condition that which has been broken, damaged or worn due to use, abuse or other reasons. Shall. The word “shall” is to be understood as being mandatory. 18 Should. The word “should” indicates t

22、hat the rule is a recommendation, the advisability of which depends on the facts in each situation. Stability/Stable. A condition of an aerial platform in which the sum of the moments that tend to overturn the unit is less than the sum of the moments tending to resist overturning. Stabilizers. Devic

23、es that increase the stability of the aerial platform but are not capable of lifting or leveling the aerial platform. Training. Instruction to enable the trainee to become a qualified person regarding the task to be performed, including knowledge regarding potential hazards. Unintended Motion. Motio

24、n of the aerial platform or platform without activation of any control. Vertical Lift Device. Any device where the platform or elevating assembly cannot be positioned completely beyond the base. Unrestricted Rated Work Load. The maximum designed carrying capacity of the aerial platform allowed by th

25、e manufacturer in all operating configurations. User. Person(s) or entity that has care, control and custody of the aerial platform. This person or entity may also be the employer of the operator, a dealer, owner, lessor, lessee, or operator. Wind. Movement of air which causes a force to be imposed

26、on surfaces on aircraft ground support equipment. Wind Gust. A temporary wind force that exceeds the steady-state wind gust and jet blast load requirements force. 4. Responsibilities of Manufacturers. 4.1 Basic Principles. Sound engineering principles consistent with all data available regarding the

27、 parameters of intended use and expected environment shall be applied in the design, testing, and manufacture of aerial platforms, with due consideration for the knowledge that the unit will be carrying personnel. 4.2 Design and Construction Requirements 4.2.1 General. The design shall be such as to

28、 produce a platform that will safely elevate, sustain, and lower the rated load. The structure and elevating assembly of the unit shall be of sufficient strength to meet the test requirements of this standard (see Section 4.7). 4.2.2 Chassis (1) Chassis design shall comply with SAE ARP 1247 (2) A ch

29、assis with a suitable gross vehicle weight (GVW) shall be provided. The aerial device manufacturer shall provide to the installer the minimum values, as applicable, for the following characteristics of vehicles required to provide a stable and structurally sound vehicle for the aerial platform: (a)

30、The front gross axle weight rating (GAWR front) (b) The rear gross axle weight rating (GAWR rear) (c) The gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) (d) The frame section modulus (e) The yield strength of the vehicle frame (f) The frame resisting bending moment (RBM) (g) The wheelbase dimension (WB) (h) The

31、 rear of cab to rear axle centerline dimension (CA) (i) The minimum axle weights of the mobile unit to achieve stability 4.2.3 Construction Materials. The materials used in the units shall be of sufficient strength to meet the test requirements of this standard (see Section 4.9). 4.3 Load Ratings 4.

32、3.1 Rated Work Load. The rated work load of an aerial platform shall not be less than 300 pounds 19 (136 kg). Either single or multiple ratings may be used. 4.3.2 Multiple Ratings. Where multiple ratings are used, the following conditions shall be complied with: (1) When the rated work load is diffe

33、rent for alternative configurations of the aerial platform, the manufacturer (remanufacturer) shall clearly describe these configurations, the rated work load of each, in the manual and on the platform. Examples of alternate configurations are, but shall not be limited to, the following: (a) Outrigg

34、ers or stabilizers extended to firm footing versus not extended (b) Platform and extension(s) extended versus retracted (c) Platform attachment(s) attached versus unattached (d) Elevating assembly elevated versus lowered (e) Axles extended versus retracted (2) When the rated work load of the alterna

35、te configuration depends on the location of the platform in relation to the base, the manufacturer (remanufacturer) shall display the appropriate rated work load of that configuration to the operator at the control station(s). (3) The unrestricted rated work load, the rated number of occupants, and

36、the rated horizontal force shall be displayed at each access to the platform and operator control station. 4.4 Quality Control. The manufacturer shall establish and follow a written quality control procedure to ensure compliance with Section 4 of this standard. 4.5 Proof Test. Each aerial platform s

37、hall sustain a uniformly distributed proof load equal to 1.50 times the rated work load throughout the range of travel while supported on a level surface. A visual inspection shall be made to determine whether this test has produced an adverse effect on any component. If multiple ratings are applica

38、ble, testing shall be conducted on each configuration. 4.6 Welding Standards. All welding, including pressure applications, shall conform to ANSI/AWS D1.1M. Structural Welding Code, Steel, or ANSI/AWS D1.2M, Structural Welding Code, Aluminum, or equivalent welding codes. It is emphasized that these

39、codes require qualification of the welding process to be employed and the certification of the personnel performing the welding under each welding process. 4.7 Structural Strength Factors. 4.7.1 Ductile Elements. All load supporting elements of the aerial platform shall have a structural strength fa

40、ctor of not less than 2 to 1 based on: (1) The minimum yield strength of the materials used (2) The column strength of the structure 4.7.2 Non-Ductile Elements. Elements of the aerial platform that are made of non-ductile materials shall have a structural strength factor of not less than 5 to 1 base

41、d on the minimum ultimate strength of the materials used. 4.7.3 Structural Strength Factor Formulas. The design stress or column load used in determining the structural strength factor shall be the maximum stresses or column load developed within the element with the machine operating at its rated w

42、ork load, used in the type of service for which it was designed, and operated in accordance with the manufacturers operating instructions. The design stress shall include the effects of stress concentration and dynamic loading as shown in the following formula: Structural Strength Factor = _a_ (a1 +

43、 a2) f1 f2 Where: a = minimum yield strength a1 = stress due to the weight of the structure a2 = stress due to the rated work load f1 = stress concentration factor f2 = dynamic loading factor 20 The column load shall include the effects of dynamic loading as shown in the following formula: Structura

44、l Strength Factor = _b_ (b1 + b2) f2 Where: b = column critical buckling load b1 = column load due to the weight of the structure b2 = column load due to the rated work load f2 = the dynamic loading factor The value of f1 and f2 may be determined by experimental stress analysis on a prototype unit.

45、Otherwise, the values of f1 and f2 shall be not less than 1.10 and 1.25, respectively. If an aerial platform is designed to be driven with the platform elevated, the value of f2 shall be increased to account for the dynamic loads. 4.8 Controls. 4.8.1 Upper Controls. Upper controls shall be provided

46、at the platform, and shall: (1) Be readily accessible to the operator. (2) Be oriented and/or move in the approximate direction of the function which they control with the control box in its normal position for operation. Control boxes not permanently attached shall have their normal location and or

47、ientation clearly marked. (3) Include a separate control which shall be continuously activated by the operator for upper directional controls to be operational, which can be released by the operator independently from the directional controls, and which renders the upper controls inoperative when re

48、leased. (4) Be of the type that automatically returns to the “off” or “neutral“ position when released, if used to control any movement of the aerial platform. (5) Be protected against activation other than that initiated by the operator. (6) Be clearly marked. 4.8.2 Lower Controls. Lower controls s

49、hall be readily accessible from ground level and shall: (1) Override upper controls for powered functions. (2) Be provided for all powered functions except drive and steering. (3) Be of the type that automatically returns to the “off” or “neutral” position when released if used to control any movement of the aerial platform. (4) Be protected against activation other than that initiated by the operator. (5) Be clearly marked. 4.8.3 Emergency Stop Device. The aerial platform shall be equipped with readily identifiable emergency stop devices, located at the uppe