ANSI AGMA 2015-2-B15-2015 Gear Tooth Flank Tolerance Classification System C Definitions and Allowable Values of Double Flank Radial Composite Deviations.pdf

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1、 ANSI/AGMA2015-2-B15ANSI/AGMA 2015-2-B15 (Revision of ANSI/AGMA 2015-2-A06) American National Standard Gear Tooth Flank Tolerance Classification System Definitions and Allowable Values of Double Flank Radial Composite Deviations AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA 2015-2-B15 AGMA 2015 All rights re

2、served i Gear Tooth Flank Tolerance Classification System Definitions and Allowable Values of Double Flank Radial Composite Deviations ANSI/AGMA 2015-2-B15 (Revision of ANSI/AGMA 2015-2-A06) Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process

3、, consensus and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than

4、 a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whe

5、ther he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing or using products, processes or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American Na

6、tional Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretation of this standard should be addressed to the American Gear Manufacturers Association

7、. CAUTION NOTICE: AGMA technical publications are subject to constant improvement, revision or withdrawal as dictated by experience. Any person who refers to any AGMA Technical Publication should be sure that the publication is the latest available from the Association on the subject matter. Tables

8、or other self-supporting sections may be referenced. Citations should read: See ANSI/AGMA 2015-2-B15, Gear Tooth Flank Tolerance Classification System Definitions and Allowable Values of Double Flank Radial Composite Deviations, published by the American Gear Manufacturers Association, 1001 N. Fairf

9、ax Street, Suite 500, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, http:/www.agma.org. Approved September 2, 2015 ABSTRACT This standard establishes a classification system for double flank radial composite tolerancesallowable values of deviationsof individual cylindrical involute gears, sector gears, racks, cylindr

10、ical worms, worm gears and hypoid or bevel gears. It serves as a concise means of specifying allowable gear geometry deviations and simplifies discussions between the gear manufacturer and purchaser. It specifies the appropriate definitions of double flank radial composite gear tooth geometry deviat

11、ions, the structure of the tolerance system and the tolerances. Published by American Gear Manufacturers Association 1001 N. Fairfax Street, Suite 500, Alexandria, Virginia 22314 Copyright 2015 by American Gear Manufacturers Association All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reprodu

12、ced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1-55589-005-6 American National Standard AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA 2015-2-B15 AGMA 2015 All rights reserved ii Contents For

13、eword . iii 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Symbols, terminology and definitions. 2 3.1 Symbols . 2 3.2 Definitions 2 4 Manufacturing and purchasing considerations 3 4.1 Specification of the gear tooth class 3 4.2 Measurement equipment and master gears 4 4.3 Process control 4 4.4 Acceptance

14、 criteria . 4 5 Application of the AGMA classification system 5 5.1 Correlation of radial composite and element deviations 5 5.2 Modified AGMA tolerance class . 5 5.3 Designation of the tolerance class or tolerances . 5 5.4 Additional characteristics . 6 6 Tolerance values 7 6.1 Use of equations 7 6

15、.2 Tooth-to-tooth radial composite tolerance, fidT . 8 6.3 Total radial composite tolerance, FidT. 8 Annexes Annex A (informative) Graph of tolerances values for class R20, R25 - sector gears; - racks; - cylindrical worms; - worm gears; - bevel gears, all types. It specifies the appropriate definiti

16、ons of gear tooth deviations, the structure of the gear tooth flank classification system and the allowable values of the above mentioned deviations. The radial composite classification system is comprised of 11 tolerance classes for total and tooth-to-tooth radial composite deviations of which clas

17、s R20 is the most accurate and class R30 is the least accurate. NOTE: There is no correlation or interrelation between the classes specified in this standard and other standards such as ANSI/AGMA ISO 1328-1, ANSI/AGMA ISO 17485, ANSI/AGMA 2009, ANSI/AGMA 2011 and their predecessor standards. This st

18、andard uses a unique set of tolerance classes (i.e., R20 to R30) in order to further reinforce that no correlation to other elemental or radial composite standards exists. The equations in this standard are applicable for reference diameters of up to 600 mm. This standard provides equations to calcu

19、late tolerances for individual product gears when mated with a master gear. Tolerance tables are not included in this standard, however, tolerance curves for some classes are shown in Annex A for a module 1.0 mm spur gear to demonstrate the mathematical nature of the tolerance equations. An optional

20、 tolerance element for radial composite deviation over multiple, k, teeth is described in Annex B. Calculation examples to assist with interpretation and to verify calculation procedure are included in Annex C. The measurement of gearing mated in an assembly for a specific application is beyond the

21、scope of this document. NOTE: See AGMA 915-2 for measuring methods and practices. 2 Normative references The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. At the time of publication, the editions were valid. All publications are

22、 subject to revision, and the users of this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the publications listed. ANSI/AGMA 1012-G05, Gear Nomenclature, Definitions of Terms with Symbols ISO 701:1998, International Gear Notation Symbols for Geometric

23、al Data AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA 2015-2-B15 AGMA 2015 All rights reserved 2 3 Symbols, terminology and definitions The terminology and definitions pertaining to the tolerances and radial composite inspection of gear teeth are listed here for use in this standard. For other definitions of

24、 geometric terms related to gearing, see ANSI/AGMA 1012. NOTE: Some of the symbols and terminology contained in this document may differ from those used in other documents and AGMA standards. Users of this standard should assure themselves that they are using the symbols, terminology and definitions

25、 in the manner indicated herein. 3.1 Symbols Symbols are based on those given in ISO 701. See Table 1. 3.2 Definitions 3.2.1 master gear A gear of known geometry, designed to mesh with the gear to be inspected for radial composite deviation. 3.2.2 product gear The gear that is being measured or eval

26、uated. 3.2.3 tooth-to-tooth radial composite deviation, fidThe value of the greatest change in center distance within any one pitch, found after evaluating all of the teeth of a product gear in a double flank test. See Figure 1. 3.2.4 tooth-to-tooth radial composite tolerance, fidTThe maximum tooth-

27、to-tooth radial composite deviation allowable by specification. 3.2.5 total radial composite deviation, FidThe difference between the maximum and minimum values of center distance found after evaluating all of the teeth of a product gear in a double flank test. See Figure 1. 3.2.6 total radial compo

28、site tolerance, FidTThe maximum total radial composite deviation allowable by specification. Table 1 Symbols and terms Symbol Term Units First used d Reference diameter mm 6.1.1 Fid Total radial composite deviation m 4.1 FidT Total radial composite tolerance m 6.3 fid Tooth-to-tooth radial composite

29、 deviation m 4.1 fidT Tooth-to-tooth radial composite tolerance m 6.2 mn Normal module mm 6.1.1 met Outer transverse module for bevel gears mm 6.1.1 R Tolerance class number - - 6.1.2 z Number of teeth in the gear or number of starts in cylindrical worms - - 6.1.1 zk Number of full teeth in the sect

30、or of the sector gear - - 6.3.2 Helix angle degrees 6.1.1 Lead angle degrees 6.1.1 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA 2015-2-B15 AGMA 2015 All rights reserved 3 Figure 1 Radial composite deviation diagram for a 50 tooth gear 4 Manufacturing and purchasing considerations This standard provides clas

31、sification tolerances and measuring methods for unassembled gears. This clause presents considerations for control of the various phases of manufacturing, including the recommended methods of measurement control. These methods provide the manufacturer and purchaser with recommendations for verifying

32、 the gear tooth geometry of a manufactured product, as well as information relative to the interpretation of measurement data. Some design and application considerations may warrant measuring or documentation not normally included with standard manufacturing processes. Specific requirements are to b

33、e stated in the contractual documents. 4.1 Specification of the gear tooth class In this standard, the gear tooth class is determined by observation of total radial composite deviation, Fid, and tooth-to-tooth radial composite deviation, fid. A gear that is specified to an AGMA class shall meet all

34、applicable individual tolerance requirements unless otherwise agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. NOTE 1: Specifying an AGMA class or measurement criteria that requires more precise tolerances than required by the application may increase the cost unnecessarily. NOTE 2: Double fl

35、ank measurements, such as tight mesh center distance or test radius, may be used for control of tooth size and total radial composite effects simultaneously. See ANSI/AGMA 2002 for further information. This standard allows for the specification of separate classes for total radial composite deviatio

36、n, Fid, and tooth-to-tooth radial composite deviation, fid, or individual tolerance values that may not be based on the formulas presented in this standard. See 5.2. NOTE: This standard is for classes R20 to R30. It may be convenient in a specific application to use the equations in this standard by

37、 extrapolating them below R20 or beyond R30. When this is done, individual tolerances shall be used on these applications as opposed to defining a class outside of the R20 to R30 range. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA 2015-2-B15 AGMA 2015 All rights reserved 4 The specific methods of measuremen

38、t, documentation of the results, inspection frequency, and use of statistical methods are normally considered items that are to be mutually agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. Unless otherwise agreed, the measurement and certification of the gears tolerance class shall be perform

39、ed after the last manufacturing process step defined by the product specifications. 4.1.1 Specification of datum surfaces Specification of radial composite tolerances requires the definition of datum surfaces to be used for double flank inspection. See AGMA 915-3. 4.2 Measurement equipment and maste

40、r gears When measurement according to this standard is specified, the double flank equipment for the gears being measured is to be calibrated and appropriate. Unless otherwise agreed upon, the manufacturer may select the double flank equipment to be used. A master gear shall be used for radial compo

41、site tests. The design, including specified tolerances, and the cost of a master gear shall be negotiated between the manufacturer and purchaser of the product gear. Considerations for master gears are described in AGMA 915-2. Master gears are subject to wear during use and damage and shall be perio

42、dically calibrated according to standard calibration procedures, such as those in ANSI/AGMA 2116. The uncertainty of the measuring process should be determined. CAUTION: Any error in the master gear may increase the measured error in the test gear. Therefore, parts requiring higher levels of precisi

43、on normally require more precise master gears. Use of lower quality masters will consume some of the manufacturing allowances of the product gear. 4.2.1 Filtering and data density Tooth-to-tooth radial composite deviation can be greatly influenced by runout, especially on gears with low numbers of t

44、eeth. Some double flank equipment may have the option of using filtering techniques to report tooth-to-tooth radial composite deviations after removing the effect of eccentricity. The tolerance values in this standard are to be applied without the use of filtering that removes the effects of eccentr

45、icity. Other filtering may occur due to the mechanical dynamic frequency response of the moving pieces of the tester including the effects from the mass of the gear itself, mass of the moving head, frictional resistance of the measuring system, and the spring. Slower rotation during testing reduces

46、the effect of this mechanical dynamic response filtering. When an electronic gage is used, a minimum of 30 data samples per tooth should be taken. 4.3 Process control Process control is defined as the method by which gear quality is maintained through control of each individual step of the manufactu

47、ring process. Process control includes elements such as manufacturing planning, maintenance of machine tools, cutting tool selection and maintenance, heat treatment control, and quality assurance programs, as needed, to achieve and maintain the necessary gear quality. As a result, with agreement bet

48、ween the manufacturer and the purchaser, some reduced frequency of inspection may be sufficient to assure that the gear lot achieves the tolerance specification. For information on the use of statistical process control, see AGMA 915-2. 4.4 Acceptance criteria The overall class of a gear is determin

49、ed by the largest class number measured for any toleranced parameter specified for the gear by this standard. Measurement uncertainty should be considered when determining conformance. The tolerances, methods and definitions contained in this standard prevail unless contractual agreements between manufacturer and purchaser contain specific exceptions. The tolerances for radial composite deviation apply to the inspection of a gear meshing with a master gear. Use of radial composite tolerances on two product gears meshing together should be agreed upon