BS PD CLC TR 62125-2008 Environmental nstatement specific to nTC 20 — Electric cables《针对IEC TC 20的环境报告 电缆》.pdf

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1、PUBLISHED DOCUMENT PD CLC/TR 62125:2008 Environmental statement specific to TC 20 Electric cables ICS 13.020.01; 29.060.20 PD CLC/TR 62125:2008 This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2008 BSI 2008 ISBN 978 0 580 55852 8 Nat

2、ional foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation of CLC/TR 62125:2008. It is identical to IEC/TR 62125:2007. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee GEL/20, Electric cables. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on r

3、equest to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Comments TECHNICAL REPORT CLC/TR 62125 RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT April

4、2008 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels 2008 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means rese

5、rved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. CLC/TR 62125:2008 E ICS 13.020.01; 29.060.20 English version Environmental statement specific to TC 20 - Electric cables (IEC/TR 62125:2007) Dclaration environnementale spcifique au TC 20 - Cbles lectriques (CEI/TR 62125:2007) Umwelterklrung fr TC 20 - Ka

6、bel und isolierte Leitungen (IEC/TR 62125:2007) This Technical Report was approved by CENELEC on 2008-01-25. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, I

7、reland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Foreword The text of the Technical Report IEC/TR 62125:2007, prepared by IEC TC 20, Electric cables, was submitted to vote a

8、nd was approved by CENELEC as CLC/TR 62125 on 2008-01-25. Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the Technical Report IEC/TR 62125:2007 was approved by CENELEC as a Technical Report without any modification. _ 2 CLC/TR 62125:2008 CONTENTS 1 2 3 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Figure

9、B.1 Environmental aspects in electric cable standards relating to cable 3 CLC/TR 62125:2008 INTRODUCTION.4 Scope.5 Normative references .5 Terms and definitions .5 Implementation of TC 20s environmental policy.6 General principles .6 Environmental aspects for cable standards .6 Environmental check l

10、ist for power cable standards.6 Life cycle assessment of cables 7 Annex A (informative) Check list 8 Annex B (informative) Life cycle considerations .10 Bibliography14 concept and design.12 Figure B.2 Environmental aspects in electric cable standards relating to the life cycle .13 Annex ZA (normativ

11、e) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications15 INTRODUCTION The cable sector has always considered the impact of electric cables on the environment, in relation to their service conditions, and particularly for utility cables. Over the years, e

12、nergy utilities have considerably increased their requirements to take into account the environmental impact of electric cables. IEC TC 20 is constantly reviewing its approach to the incorporation of environmental aspects into standards for electric cables and their components. Environmental conside

13、rations should be included in both design and redesign work with respect to the raw materials used, energy consumption and emissions during production, end of life disposal or recycling, and in-service performance. For example, there is an environmental demand for more efficient operation of electri

14、c cables (lower transmission losses, reduced heating effects, and, as a result, lower emission of greenhouse gases). There is some information on suitable cable design parameters to achieve lower losses. Unfortunately, diverse pressures from a number of interests usually result in the need to compro

15、mise in this area. 4 CLC/TR 62125:2008 ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT SPECIFIC TO IEC TC 20 ELECTRIC CABLES 1 Scope IEC/TR 62125, which is a technical report, is intended to give assistance to standard-writers of IEC Technical Committee 20, to take into account the relevant environmental aspects as far as

16、they are specific to electric cables in normal use. It also assists them to keep in mind a clear methodology when considering these aspects and when checking possible interaction of the normative requirements with the environment. Also, these guidelines assist standard- writers to avoid too simple o

17、r too stringent requirements that might not achieve a favourable global result. This technical report, by its very nature, is not prescriptive and does not limit innovation. NOTE 1 The term environment, as used in this report, differs from the term as used in those IEC standards dealing with the imp

18、act of environmental conditions on electrotechnical products (see 3.1). NOTE 2 As regards the impact of environmental conditions on the performance of products, reference is made to IEC 60068, IEC 60721 and IEC Guide 106. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable fo

19、r the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC Guide 109, Environmental aspects Inclusion in electrotechnical product standards ISO Guide 64, Guide

20、 for the inclusion of environmental aspects in product standards ISO/TR 14062, Environmental management Integrating environmental aspects into product design and development 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 environment all attr

21、ibutes which affect the quality of life, such as water, air, and soil quality, conservation of energy and materials and avoidance of waste 3.2 life cycle consecutive and interlinked stages of the manufacture, installation, use, and disposal of a product, from raw material acquisition or generation o

22、f natural resources to the final disposal NOTE The raw material is considered to be the base raw material, incorporated in relevant products. 3.3 life cycle approach methodology of taking into account the life cycle of a product in order to assess the consequences on the environment 5 CLC/TR 62125:2

23、008 3.4 environmental impact of a product any change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from the life cycle of a product. 4 Implementation of TC 20s environmental policy 4.1 General principles Consideration should be given to the design and performance o

24、f the electric cable over its full life cycle. The choices made during the design phase will largely decide what the impact will be during each phase of the products life cycle. Therefore, it is recommended: to take environmental aspects into account from the initial phases of product design; to avo

25、id too simple or too stringent approaches in setting the acceptance levels of performance requirements; to ensure that potentially safe alternative designs and alternative materials are afforded proper attention, and not excluded because of historical considerations; to optimize combinations of mate

26、rials; to avoid materials and designs that will introduce harmful effects to the external environment; to organize the feedback of experience which enhances continuous improvement of product performances. 4.2 Environmental aspects for cable standards To improve the approach to incorporating environm

27、ental aspects into standards, IEC TC 20 proposes to: promote IEC Guide 109 to its WGs and standard-writers; take into consideration, and evaluate, any suggestions and/or recommendations that will be made by specific environmental committees; start to incorporate environmental matters into all its ne

28、w standards, and when amending existing standards; start with the basic principles in the implementation of environmental matters in standards; help standards-writers in their work with a checklist that is based on IEC Guide 109 and specifically focused on power cables covered by TC 20. This checkli

29、st will be updated and improved by TC 20 as more experience is gained in the matter. 4.3 Environmental check list for power cable standards The check list given in the attached Annex A is designed specifically to guide and help IEC TC 20 cable standards-writers in taking into consideration the envir

30、onmental impacts from the design, production and use of electric power cables. This list is neither exhaustive nor mandatory. Not every item on the list will apply to every situation. The list will be updated and revised according to the knowledge that will be gained in this field by the TC 20 commi

31、ttee, and taking into account views from the specialist environmental committees of IEC (IEC technical committee 111: Environmental standardization for electrical and electronic products and systems). The list relates both to the complete cable, and to its components (conductor, insulation system, m

32、etallic screen, fillers, binders, tapes, bedding, armouring and sheath). 6 CLC/TR 62125:2008 Environmental impacts must be balanced against other factors, such as product function, performance, health and safety, cost, marketability and quality; legal and regulatory requirements. 4.4 Life cycle asse

33、ssment of cables It is not considered necessary at this stage to carry out a detailed life cycle assessment of cables. Therefore in Annex A no reference is made to carrying out a detailed cable LCA (life cycle assessment). However, the checklist demonstrates “life-cycle thinking”. It takes into acco

34、unt the main findings of LCA work in the field of electric cables. In this respect LCA indicates that energy loss and materials use are most significant. NOTE Energy losses during service are dominated either by the length of time under load, which could be many decades for MV or HV cables in transm

35、ission or distribution networks, or by a combination of time under load and the huge size of the network (thousands of kilometres) for low voltage distribution cables. A first approach on general considerations of a life cycle assessment of electric cables is given in Annex B. This information is ba

36、sed on the work of ISO/TC207/WG1. 7 CLC/TR 62125:2008 Annex A (informative) Check list All components in the cable design should be evaluated for their environmental aspects, and some of the following may be taken into consideration: A.1 Preliminary considerations 1) Has it been checked before start

37、ing standardization work on a new cable design that there is no possibility to adopt, with slight amendments, a cable design already standardized, and for which environmental aspects have already been taken into consideration? 2) Has the raw material production been considered and evaluated for envi

38、ronmental constraints? A.2 Design considerations 1) Has it been considered to choose a conductor with the lowest energy consumption and/or lowest CO 2emission during manufacturing of the product? 2) Has the possibility to use recycled materials been considered, for instance as fillers? Has the consi

39、deration also taken into account the environmental impact of such recycling (parameters like collection conditions, regeneration cycle, quality of the recycled material, losses, energy consumption, substitution rate)? 3) Has the cable been designed in such a way as to minimize the use of raw materia

40、ls, without affecting the cable safety, reliability and cost? 4) Has consideration been given to lists of international, regional or national regulated substances, so that those for which restrictions apply can be avoided or reduced to a minimum within all parts and components of the cable? 5) Has i

41、t been checked that the components do not release hazardous substances into the environment during raw material production, manufacturing of the cable, cable in use and final disposal of the cable? 6) Has it been considered to select materials/components that can easily be separated from other cable

42、 components, in order that any available and ecologically efficient waste management option, including energy recovery, can be used? 7) Can the different components easily be identified? 8) Has it been considered to minimize the number of different materials in the cable design, without affecting th

43、e safe operation of the cable, its reliability and cost? A.3 Production considerations 1) Has reference been made to the use of an Environmental Management System, such as ISO 14000, for production? 2) Has efficient use of energy and resources been considered? 3) Have measures for reduction of emiss

44、ion and waste been considered? 8 CLC/TR 62125:2008 A.4 Considerations for use and end of life phase 1) If a change in a product is also considered to give a change in the environmental constraint, have measures been taken to give information to the market regarding the constraints of the products al

45、ready in stock or on the market? 2) Has information been given to the user on the fact that the choice of transmission/distribution voltage and the conductor cross-section will seriously influence the current transmission losses? 3) Has information been given how to recover/recycle the components/ma

46、terials in the cable at end of life of the product (which may be many decades), including the possibility of energy exploitation? 4) Although not a part of the cable standard, has consideration been given to waste management of any packaging associated with delivery of the cable including the materi

47、al and the size of cable drums? 5) Has consideration been given to minimize the energy for transportation with regard to cable delivery? 9 CLC/TR 62125:2008 Annex B (informative) Life cycle considerations B.1 Inputs and outputs to be considered B.1.1 General Figure B.1, based on the work of ISO/TC 2

48、07/WG 1, presents the correlation between principal steps in the environmental life cycle of a product, the products functional operation and performance requirements, its design, and other external considerations. At each step of a products life cycle, the materials and energy balance should be con

49、sidered. When data are available, the span of the life cycle study should cover from “cradle to grave”. Figure B.1 also illustrates a product improvement cycle that leads to pollution prevention and resource conservation. B.1.2 Inputs and outputs Environmental impacts of products are largely determined by the inputs that are used and the outputs that are generated at a