2018年陕西省中考真题英语及答案解析.docx

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1、第1页（共15页） 2018年陕西省中考真题英语.完形填空（共1小题，计20分）第1节：阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。（共1小题，计10分）14.（10分）Oneday，Davidandhisfriendstalkedaboutwhothereclosest1. were.Whenitwashisturn，hesaid，MybestfriendisAmy，2. 81yearoldwomanlivinginFlorida.Theirfriendshipcame3. agame.Inthegame，DavidandAmy

2、wereonthesameteam.Afterthisgame，theybecamegoodfriends，Davideventoldherabouthisdreamofmusic.However，life was hard for David at that time. He hardly 4. time or money to playmusic.Mostofthetime.hehadtoworkinarestaurant.Hefeltthathisdreamwashopeless（无望 的）.5. healmostlostheart，Amygavehimlotsofhelpandsupp

3、ortedhisdream.Twoyearslater，hedecided6. toNewYorkforhisdream.Thereheheldhisfirstconcertsuccessfully.After the concert，a famous reporter in NewYork heard of their story. He wanted to knowwhat 7. So he flew to Florida to interview her.Tohis surprise，the friendshipbetweenAmyandDavidwas8. thanhecouldima

4、gine.Later，manypeople9. bythisstory.ButAmythoughtitwasnothing，Shesaid，Asfriendswe10. giveahandwhentheyneed.1.A.friendB.classmateC.friendsD.classmates解析：考查名词辨析。A朋友，单数形式；B同学；单数形式；C朋友，复数形式；D同学， 复数形式；根据后面Mybestfriend我最好的朋友，可知是朋友，be动词是were，要用复数形式，故答案是C.答案：C2.A.theB./C.aD.an解析：考查冠词辨析。A特指；B不填；C一，用于首字母是辅音音素

5、前；D一用于首字母是元音音素前，根据MybestfriendisAmy，（2）81yearoldwomanlivinginFlorida我最好的朋友是艾米，（2）住在佛罗里达州的81岁女人，泛指，且eight首字母是元音音素，故答案是D. 答案：D3.A.belowB.from 第2页（共15页） C.toD.at解析：考查介词辨析。A在.下；B从；C到；D在根据题干，comefrom来自是固定短语，故答案是B.答案：B4.A.willhaveB.hashadC.haveD.had解析：考查短语辨析。A将来时；B现在完成时；C原型，D过去式；根据前后was等，可知时态是一般过去时，故答案是D.

6、 答案：D5.A.WhenB.BeforeC.UnlessD.If解析：考查连词辨析。A当时；B在之前；C除籍；D如果；根据healmostlostheart，Amygavehimlotsofhelpandsupportedhisdream他几乎失去了信心，艾米给了他很多帮助，支持他的梦想，应该是当要放弃时，故答案是A.答案：A6. A.goB.togoC.goingD.gone解析：考查动词辨析。A原型；B不定式；C现在分词；D过去分词；根据题干decidetodosth决定做某事是固定短语，故答案是B.答案：B7.A.isAmylikeB.AmyislikeC.AmywaslikeD.wa

7、sAmylike 解析：考查短语辨析。根据Hewantedtoknowwhat可知时态是一般过去时，排除A、B.宾语从句要用陈述语序，故答案是C.答案：C8. 第3页（共15页） A.morebeautifulB.beautifulC.beautifullyD.themostbeautiful解析：考查形容词辨析。A更漂亮的；B漂亮的；C漂亮地；D最漂亮的；根据后面than可知要用比较级，故答案是A.答案：A9.A.wasmovedB.weremovedC.ismovedD.aremoved 解析：考查短语辨析。根据上下文可知时态是一般过去时，排除C、D，结合前面manypeople是复数形式

8、，故答案是B.答案：B10.A.cantB.mustntC.shouldD.would解析：考查动词辨析。A不能；B不必；C应该；D将；根据后面giveahandwhentheyneed别人需要时我们应该帮忙，故答案是C.答案：C 第二节：阅读下面一篇短文，理解大意，然后从各个小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。（共1小题，计10分）15.（10分）Sincemymothermovedtolivewithusinthecity，shehasbeenmuchheavierthanbefore.Astime wentby，herhealthgot1. .So Ihadtotakehe

9、rtoseea2. .Mymotherwas told to lose weight by doing exercise every day. She had no choice but to follow 3. thedoctorsaid.1toldherthatIwouldexercisewithhereverymorningOnthefirst morning，shegotupvery early4. ranwith me inourneighborhood.I triedto run slowly so that she could follow me.After 5. for som

10、e minutes，I told her the properways of exercise and the importance of eating healthy food. She listened to me carefully. It mademe6. thatshetoldmeeverythingverypatientlywhenIwasakid.Onthesecondmorning，Ipraisedherforkeepingrunningwithme.But after two weeks，she wanted to 7. running because she thought

11、 the twoweekexercisedidnt workatall.Toencourageher，Itaught herhowtousethefacilities（设施）for exerciseinour8. .Shebegantoexerciseagain.Withmyhelp，it9. heronemonthtodevelopagoodhabitofdailyexercise.Thankyou，my dear daughter. Exercise brings health and happiness to me. I will 10. worry about myhealth. He

12、r words touched my heart deeply. I felt happy to make a big difference to my motherslife. 第4页（共15页） 1.A.worseB.thinnerC.betterD.stronger解析：考查形容词辨析。A更差；B更瘦；C更好；D更强壮；根据后面SoIhadtotakehertoseeadoctor去看医生，应该是变差了，故答案是A.答案：A2.A.teacherB.waiterC.nurse D.doctor解析：考查名词辨析。A老师；B服务生；C护士；D医生；根据前面健康不好，后面SoIhadtota

13、kehertosee应该是去看医生，故答案是D.答案：D3.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where解析：考查代词辨析。A那个；B什么；C哪个；D哪里；根据Shehadnochoicebuttofollow（3）thedoctorsaid根据题干，要用宾语，应该照医生说的做，故答案是B.答案：B 4.A.soB.butC.andD.or解析：考查连词辨析。A所以；B但是；C和；D或者；根据shegotupveryearly（4）ranwithmeinourneighborhood前面说起得早，后面和我在社区里跑，是并列关系，故答案是C.答案：C5.A.swimmingB.eatin

14、gC.playing D.running解析：考查动词辨析。A游泳；B吃；C玩；D跑；根据前面run跑，应该是跑了一会后，故答案是D.答案：D 第5页（共15页） 6.A.actB.expectC.forgetD.remember解析：考查动词辨析。A表演；B除了；C忘记；D记得；根据后面shetoldmeeverythingverypatientlywhenIwasakid我小时候她耐心地告诉我每件事，应该是记得，故答案是D.答案：D7.A.putupB.giveupC.setup D.eatup解析：考查短语辨析。A张贴；B放弃；C建立；D吃光；根据后面becauseshethoughtt

15、hetwoweekexercisedidntworkatall因为她认为两周的锻炼根本不起作用.应该是想放弃，故答案是B.答案：B8.A.schoolB.neighborhoodC.hospitalD.cinema解析：考查名词辨析。A学校；B社区；C医院；D电影院；根据后面usethefacilities用设施锻炼，应该是在社区里，故答案是B. 答案：B9.A.tookB.spentC.costD.paid解析：考查动词辨析。A花费，主语是it；B花费，主语是人；C花费，主语是物；D付钱；根据前面it，可知是固定句型Ittakessb.（sometime）todosth.某人花了时间做某事，

16、故答案是A.答案：A10. A.alwaysB.everC.neverD.sometimes 第6页（共15页） 解析：考查副词辨析。A总是；B曾经；C从不；D有时；根据前面Exercisebringshealthandhappinesstome锻炼给我带来健康和快乐，后面应该是从不担心健康，故答案是C.答案：C.阅读理解（共1小题，计20分）第一节：阅读下面一篇短文，判断下列句子是否符合短文内容，符合的用“A”表示，不符合的用“B”表示.（共1小题，计5分）16.（5分）Now，it seemsthatartificialintelligence（人工智能）isbecomingmoreand

17、morepopularinlife，andithasgreatlyinfluencedthewayswelive，workandplay.Canyouimaginethatyoucanplaytabletenniswitharobotoneday?Recently，ascientisthasinventedaspecialrobotthatcanbeatabletenniscoach.Thatmeanspeoplecanpracticetabletennisnotonlywithhumansbutalsowitharobot.NamedForpheus，thesmarttabletennisr

18、obotisquitespecial.Itcanstudythemovementsofhumanplayersandthespeedsoftheball.Inthisway，itcanexactlyjudge（判断）theplayersskill levels（KF）. Then it uses the information to change the ways to play. If the players are justbeginners，Forpheuswill playinaslowandeasyway，butiftheplayersarebetterones，therobot w

19、ill play in a faster and more difficult way.Whats more，while playing，it encouragesplayerstotrytheirbestwithwordslikeGoodjob!，Comeon!andsoon.Atthesametime，itgivessomegoodchanceimprovetheirskills.Soitisbothagoodpartnerandaclevercoach.Science and technology is developing quickly these days and its hard

20、 to imagine what willhappen in the future. In the next 20years，it will be possible that one robot teaches another toplaytabletennisorevenInventsanotherone!Takuoya，theinventoroftherobot，said.1.Artificialintelligencehasinfluencedpeopleslifeinmanyways. T解析：细节判断题。根据第一段句子Now，itseemsthatartificialintellig

21、ence（人工智能）isbecomingmoreandmorepopularinlife，andithasgreatlyinfluencedthewayswelive，workandplay.现在，人工智能似乎在生活中越来越流行，它极大地影响了我们的生活、工作和娱 乐方式.可知人工智能在很多方面影响着人们的生活。答案：T2.Therobotcanjudgetheskilllevelsofhumanplayersexactly. T解析：细节判断题。根据第三段句子Inthisway，itcanexactlyjudge（判断）theplayersskilllevels（KF）.这样，它就可以准确地

22、判断出玩家的技能水平.可知机器人可以准确地判断玩家的技能水平。答案：T3.Forpheusisthenameoftheinventoroftherobot. F解析：细节判断题。根据第三段句子Named Forpheus，the smart table tennis robot is quitespecial.名为Forpheus的智能乒乓球机器人很特别.和最后一段句子Inthe next 20years，itwill be possible that one robot teaches another to play table tennis or even Invents another

23、one! Takuoya，theinventoroftherobot，said.在未来的20年里，一个机器人可能会教另一个打乒乓球，甚至发明另一个!机器人的发明者Takuoya说。可知Forpheus是机器人的发明者是错误的。答案：F 第7页（共15页） 4.Onerobotwillprobablyteachanothertoplaytabletennisinthefuture. T解析：细节判断题。根据最后一段句子Inthenext20years，itwillbepossiblethatonerobotteaches another to play table tennis or even

24、Invents another one! Takuoya，the inventor of therobot，said.在未来的20年里，一个机器人可能会教另一个打乒乓球，甚至发明另一个!机器人的发明者Takuoya说.可知一个机器人将来可能会教另一个打乒乓球。答案：T5.Therobotcanencouragethehumanplayers，butitcantgiveadvice. F解析：细节判断题。根据第三段句子Whatsmore，whileplaying，itencouragesplayerstotrytheirbestwithwordslikeGoodjob!，Comeon!andso

25、on.Atthesametime，itgivessomegoodchanceimprovetheirskills.Soitisbothagoodpartnerandaclevercoach.更重要的是，在玩的时候，它鼓励玩家用干得好!加油!等等.同时，这也给了他们一些提高技能的好机会.所以这既是一个好搭档，也是一个聪明的教练.可知机器人可以鼓励人类玩家，但它不能提 供建议是错误的。答案：F第二节：阅读下面三篇短文，从各小题所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的一个最佳答案。（共3小题，计15分）17.（4.50分）Manyanimalsaroundusaresmart.Letsge

26、ttoknowsomeofthem.Dolphinsaresmarteranimalsinthesea.Researchersputseaanimalstoatest.Inthetest，theresearchers made red marks on the animals bodies and took them in front of a mirror. Many seaanimals either ranaway orfought with the ones inthe mirror.However，whenthe dolphinssawthemselves in the mirror

27、，they tried to clean the red marks off their bodies. So the researchersbelievedthatthedolphinsknewtheonesinthemirrorwereJustthemselves.Beesworkhard，andtheyaresmartenoughtolearnsomething.Researchersfoundagroupofbeesandtaughtthemtotellwhichhorizontalline（水平线）washigherthantheother.Iftheycold find the h

28、igher line，they would get sugar as a prize.After training for a period of time，theresearchers tested the bees. To their surprise，the bees found the higher horizontal line quicklyandgotsugar.Instead，whentheresearchersshowedthemverticalline（垂直线）.thebeessimplyflewaway，becausetheyknewtherewasnowaytogets

29、ugar.Chimpanzees（黑猩猩）are very humanlike. They can learn fast and well. Researchersshowedthenumbersfromonetonineonthescreen.Chimpanzeesandsomecollegestudentswereasked to remember where the numbers were after watching the numbers，in less than a second.The adult chimpanzees and the college students per

30、formed almost the same，but the youngchimpanzeesperformedmuchbetter.Itwasamazing1.Inthetest，thedolphin .A.feltafraidandranawayfromthemirror.B.triedtofightwiththeonesinthemirror.C.triedtocleantheredmarksofftheirbodies. D.didntfindanyredmarksontheirbodies.解析：细节理解题。根据However，whenthedolphinssawthemselves

31、inthemirror，theytriedtocleantheredmarksofftheirbodies.可知，然而，当海豚在镜子里看到自己的时候，他们试着把身上的红色痕迹清理干净。 第8页（共15页） 答案：C2.Whenthebeessawtheverticallines，they .A.flewawayB.foundthehigherlineC.stayedthereD.foundthenumbers解析：细节理解题。根据Instead，whentheresearchersshowedthemverticalline（垂直线）.thebeessimplyflewaway，可知，相反，当

32、研究人员向他们展示垂直线时，蜜蜂就飞走了。答案：A3. performedbetterinrememberingwherethenumberswere.A.Theyoungchimpanzees B.TheadultchimpanzeesC.TheoldchimpanzeesD.Thecollegestudents解析：细节理解题。根据Theadultchimpanzeesandthecollege studentsperformedalmostthesame，buttheyoungchimpanzeesperformedmuchbetter.可知，成年黑猩猩和大学生的表现几乎一样，但幼黑猩猩

33、的表现要好得多。答案：A18.（4.50分）Apersonhastwoearsbutonlyonemouth.Thatmeansweshouldlisten，notjustspeak. The word listen has the same letters as the word silent. Listening silently is a goodqualitythatweshouldhave.Thenwhyisitimportanttobeagoodlistener?Listeningisreallyhelpful.Whensomeoneissadorangry，hewantstoex

34、presshispoorfeelings.Atthismoment，we needtolistensilentlyfirstuntilhegetscalm（冷静的）.Thenwemayhaveagoodtalkwithhim.Maybeitisagoodwaytohelphimout.Listeningisakindoflove.Forexample，wemaythinkourparentsarealwaystalkingtoomuch.Butinfact，theydosobecausetheyareanxiousaboutourhealth，studyandsoon.If welisten

35、patiently，ourparentswillfeelwecareaboutthem.Alovingsilenceisoftenmorepowerful（有力量的）thanwords.Listeningispolitebehavior.Sometimes，we just want others to listen to us but forget to listen to others. In fact. Thatsnotpolite.Inordertoshowourrespect（尊重）forothers，wehadbetterlistentothemfirst.Thenwecanexpr

36、essourideas.Listening sounds easy，but its not. Every head is a world. So we should learn to listen withourears，eyesandheartsasmuchaswecan，andtrytomakeourselvesgoodlistenersfromnowon. 1.Whensomeoneissadorangry，weshould first.A.expressourpoorfeelings.B.talktoomuchwithhim.C.tellhisparentsaboutit.D.list

37、entohimsilently. 第9页（共15页） 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段Whensomeoneissadorangry，hewantstoexpresshispoorfeelings.Atthismoment，weneedtolistensilently firstuntilhegets calm（冷静的）.当某人伤心或生气时，他想表达他可怜的感情.此时此刻，我们需要先静静地听，直到他平静下来。可知，当有人伤心或生气时，我们首先应该静静地听他说话。答案：D2.Theunderlinedwordanxioushereprobablymeans .A.worriedB.angryC.sa

38、tisfiedD.excited解析：词意猜测题。A担心.B生气.C满意.D兴奋的.句意但事实上，他们这样做是因为他们_我们的健康、学习等等。根据第三段第一句Forexample，wemaythinkourparents arealwaystalkingtoomuch例如，我们可能认为我们的父母总是说得太多.可知，应该是担心。答案：A3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Weshouldaskotherstolistentousfirst.B.Wehadbetterlistentoothersfirst.C.Weshouldlet

39、othersrespectusfirst.D.Weshouldexpressourideasfirst.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段Soweshouldlearntolistenwithourears，eyesandheartsasmuchaswecan，andtrytomakeourselvesgoodlistenersfromnowon所以我们应该尽可能多地用耳朵、眼睛和心灵去倾听，从现在开始试着让自己成为好的听众。可知，我们最好先听别人说。 答案：B19.（6分）Last month，a common graduation ceremony（毕业典礼）was held in Tianj

40、inUniversity，butitreceivedmuchattention.XueMinxiu，bornin1937，graduatedwithexcellentgradesafterworkinghardfor4years.Going to a university has always been a dream for Xue. But for some reasons，she didnthavethechancewhenshewasyoung. Evenso，shenever forgot herdream. In 2014，shewasaccepted by Tianjin Uni

41、versity and finally her dream came true. Since then，Xue has been amodel for the people around her. She got up at 5oclock every morning. Then she studied for awhilebeforebrushingteethandhavingbreakfast.Herroomwasfilledwithbooksandnewspapers.Wherevershewent，shewouldtakebookswithher.Infact，for herage h

42、admanydifficulties duringthe four years. But nothingcouldstop her.Whenever she had problems，she would either solve them by herself or ask teachers for help. ThroughherhardworkshePassedheexamsandwasnameda starstudentduringthefirst periodofhercollegelife.Ithinkthemeaningofourlivesistochallenge（挑战）andi

43、mproveourselveswhetherweareold or young. Xue said at the graduation ceremony. For me，learning something I enjoy is alifelongjourney.IwanttothankTianiinUniversityforgivingmethechancetoachievemydream. 第10页（共15页） Ourlifetimeisshort，soweshouldmakegooduseofit.1.Attheageof，XuewasacceptedbyTianjinUniversit

44、y.A.77B.85C.81D.73解析：细节理解题。结合XueMinxiu，bornin1937和In2014，shewasacceptedbyTianjinUniversityandfinallyherdreamcametrue可知2014年入学，1937年出生，故20141937=77，可知是77岁入学，故选A.答案：A2.Withthehelpof，Xuesolvedherproblemsinstudy.A.herfamilyandfriends. B.herteachersandherselfC.herteachersandclassmates.D.herclassmatesandh

45、erself解析：细节理解题。结合wouldeithersolvethembyherselforaskteachersforhelp可知遇见问题自己解决或找老师，故选B.答案：B3.Whatisthebesttitle（标题）forthepassage?A.AGraduationCeremonyB.AhardworkingOldLadyC.ADifficultExaminationD.AUniversityinTianjin解析：标题判断题，结合XueMinxiu，bornin 1937，graduatedwith excellent gradesafter workinghardfor4ye

46、ars.本文是介绍一位努力的大龄毕业生，故选B.答案：B4.Wheredoyouthinkthepassagemaycomefrom?A.Asciencereport.B.Anewspaper.C.Atravelbook.D.Anadvertisement.解析：推理判断题。结合XueMinxiu，bornin 1937，graduatedwith excellent gradesafterworkinghardfor4years.本文是介绍一位努力的大龄毕业生，这应该出自报纸，故选B.答案：B.完成句子：根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子。（共5小题，计10分） 20.（2分）同

47、学们请靠马路右边行走。Boysandgirlspleasewalk along sideoftheroad.解析：靠，沿着walkalong，动词短语。答案：along. 第11页（共15页） 21.（2分）离开教室的时候记着关灯。Rememberto turnoff thelightswhenyouleavetheclassroom.解析：关灯turnoff，动词短语，记者去做某事remembertodosth.，固定结构。答案：turnoff22.（2分）昨天我买了两张厉害了，我的国的电影票。Iboughttwomovie tickets toAmazingChinayesterday.解

48、析：票ticket，可数名词，根据句意和前面的two可知，要用复数形式。答案：tickets23.（2分）马良想为那个孩子画一匹马。MaLingwantedto drawahorse forthechild.解析：花draw，动词，前面有不定式符号to，后面用原形，一匹吗ahorse。 答案：drawahorse24.（2分）她的脸上总是带着温暖的微笑。A warmsmile isalwaysonherface.解析：温暖的warm，形容词作定语，微笑smile，可数名词，根据句意和前面的a可知，要用单数形式。答案：warmsmile.短文填空：用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文意思完整正

49、确。（每个单词限用一次，每空只填一个单词。）（共1小题，计10分）25.（10分）he happy baby save arm volunteer clean quick work turnWangPingisacleaner，Hehas1. worked inaparkfor5years.Heisalsoagoodfather.Nothingcanmakehim2. happier thanplayingwithhislittledaughterinhisfreetime. LastTuesdayafternoon，while hewas 3. cleaning the park，suddenly，heheardawomancryingforhelp.Heranup4. quickly toseewhathappened.Thewomans 15montholdbabygirlchoked（窒息）onasmallpieceofpearandherface5. turned purple.Thebabywastooyoungtosaveherself，andthemotherwassonervousthatshedidntknowhowtosave，her daughter properly.Luckily，Wang Ping knew what to do. He to