2018年江苏省南京市、盐城市高三第一次模拟试题英语及答案解析.docx

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1、2018年江苏省南京市、盐城市高三第一次模拟试题英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）（略）第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21. They all sat together at table, laughing and _ stories after many yearsseparation.A. circulatingB. swappingC. spreadingD. plotting解析：考查名词词义辨析。A .circulating循环/传播/流通，C.

2、 spreading传播，D. plotting密谋/策划/绘制。B. swapping交换，“交换故事”，根据句意引申为“讲述故事”。根据句意：他们都坐在桌边，谈笑风生，讲述各自分别多年后的故事。故选B。答案：B 22. The movie Coco wraps two _ themespursuing dreams, and how werememberloved onesin a colorful, culturally specific package.A. contemporaryB. religiousC. historicalD. universal解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.

3、contemporary当代的/现代的，B. religious宗教的/虔诚的，C. historical（有关）历史的，D.universal共同的/普遍的。句意：电影寻梦环游记在色彩斑斓的文化包裹下，囊括了两个普遍存在的主题追寻梦想与如何记住至亲至爱。故选D。答案：D23. Father always instructs me to do kind acts and bring more joy into the world around us.Thats great. Small _ can often create huge blessings.A. gesturesB. impact

4、sC. schemes D. concepts解析：考查名词词义辨析。A .gestures表示某人态度的姿态（熟词僻义），B. impacts影响/作用，C. schemes计划/方案/阴谋，D. concepts观念/概念。句意：“父亲总是教导我要做善良的事，为周围的世界带来更多的欢乐。”“是的，小的举动经常能创造出很大的福气。”故选A。答案：A24. It is difficult for one to _ the manners of another world when he doesnt knowwhatthey are.A. see toB. tend toC. amount t

5、oD. subscribe to解析：考查动词短语固定搭配。A. see to照料/料理/确保，B .tend to趋向/往往/偏重，C. object to达到/相当于/意味着，D. subscribe to订阅/同意/赞成。分析可知，空格处应是“赞同”，在句中引申为“遵循”。句意：当一个人不知道另一个世界的风俗时，很难让他遵循这些风俗。故选D。答案：D25. What about a self-drive trip to Tibet this winter vacation?It sounds _ marvellous, but I wont be available at that ti

6、me.A. simply B. equallyC. firmlyD. merely解析：考查副词词义辨析。A. simply实在/根本/简直（熟词僻义），B. equally相同地，C. firmly牢固地/坚决地，D. merely仅仅/只是。副词修饰形容词marvelous，根据句意可知应该填入simply，意为“非常棒”。句意：“今年寒假自驾游去西藏怎么样？”“听起来太棒了，但不巧的是我寒假没时间。”故选A。答案：A26. _, you need to be failingmoreif you are expected to succeed in the end.A.Strange as

7、 might it seemB.As it might seem strangeC.As strange it might seemD.Strange as it might seem解析：考查让步状语从句。as引导的让步状语从句要使用倒装句，表语+as+主语+情态 动词+do，将表语strange提到句首，句意：虽然听起来很奇怪，但是在会议的最后他的主意被采纳了。故选D。答案：D27. When do you think I can access BlackberryApp World on my computer?Not until you _ your device password c

8、orrectly.A. enteredB. will enterC.have enteredD. will have entered解析：考查时间状语从句时态。主将从现，句意：“你觉得我什么时候能在我的电脑上获取黑莓软件？”“直到你正确输入了你的设备的密码。”故选C。答案：C28. White snow _ the small village after a big snowfall, tourists found themselves stepping into a fantastic fairyland.A. blanketingB. blanketedC. being blanketed

9、D. to blanket解析：考查独立主格。句意为：大雪过后，覆盖了小小的村庄，游客发现它们进去了一个美妙的仙界。雪是主动覆盖，所以用Blanking。故选A。答案：A29. The best books are treasuries of good words and golden thoughts, _, rememberedand cherished, become our constant companions.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where解析：考查本题考查非限制性定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的选择。根据句意，最好 的书籍都是财富，富有金玉良言，闪光思

10、想，让我们铭记它，视其为珍宝，并成为我们永恒的伴侣。不难判断remembered，cherished，become这三个词之前需要主语，排除B，C选项，指代treasures应用which或that，但当关系代词后面有插入语时只能用which不用that，故选B。答案：B30. During my first year abroad, I was so busy studying and meeting new people that I didnot phone my parents as often as I _.A. should B. wouldC. should haveD. wou

11、ld have解析：考查情态动词时态辨析。根据句意：在我第一年出国的时候，我忙于学习以及结交新的人群，以至于没有像原本应该的那样经常打电话给我的父母。should have phoned，should have done表示本应该做某事而实际上没有。故选C。答案：C31. David has been _since he got the offer in this company.He has to. You know, the boss is a fault-finder.A. facing the musicB. crying for the moonC. walking on eggsh

12、ellsD. waking a sleeping dog解析：考查习语。A. facing the music面对现实/直面困难/自食其果，B. crying for the moon 异想天开/痴心妄想/海底捞月，C. walking on eggshells谨言慎行，D. waking a sleeping dog惹事生非/自找麻烦，（let the sleeping dog lie不要打草惊蛇，别多事）。根据句意：“David自从获得这个公司的机会之后一直小心翼翼谨言慎行”“他不得不这样，你知道的，他们的老板是个一直挑刺的人。”故选C。答案：C32. Men who stay fit c

13、an lower their risk of dying from a heart condition by 30% ascompared with those who are _.A. out of orderB. out of placeC. out of shapeD. out of control解析：考查介词短语固定搭配。A. out of order发生故障/次序颠倒，B. out of place不恰当/不合适，C. out of shape身材走样/身体欠佳，D. out of control失控。根据句意：相比于身体不健康的人，那些保持身体健康的人降低了30%的由于心脏问题死

14、亡的风险。故选C。 答案：C33. Most people have to get to a point where they dont have a choice _ they willchange something.A. sinceB. beforeC. whileD. once解析：考查状语从句。句意为：很多人都会等到走投无路时才会做出改变。句子中的will表示愿意。before在状语从句中表示“才”的意思，故选B。答案：B34. Our health is _ we make of itgive it attention and it improves; give it none a

15、nd itweakens.A. whatB. whether C. howD. who解析：考查名词性从句中的表语从句，前缺后缺用what “make sth.of sth/sb.” means“realize、catch、know about、learn about、get to know、understand”，健康是我们对它的理解。句意为：我们的健康由我们自己决定（我们的健康状况是我们自己塑造的）多关注它，它便会变好，不关心它它就会变坏。故选A。答案：A 35. Making a computer program isa Herculean task for me. Can you gi

16、ve mea hand?Oh, _. Turn to Jackson, who is an expert in it.A. it counts for nothingB. its not the caseC. it doesnt hurt to askD. its all Greek to me解析：考查交际用语。A. it counts for nothing这不算什么，B. its not the case情况并非如此，C .it doesnt hurt to ask为问一下无妨，D. its all Greek to me这个我可一窍不通。句意为：“做一个电脑程序对我来说是一个极其困难的

17、任务。你能帮帮我吗？”“噢，这个我可一窍不通。再问问Jackson吧，他在这方面是个专家。”故选D。答案：D第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。When Katherine and her daughter drove past Katherines beloved old home, she would say, “Id like to have that house back.” On her 90th birthday, that wish came true.All Katherine wan

18、ted for her 90th birthday was to 36 her childhood home. Herdaughter, Emily wasnt so 37 on the idea. And, as the old saying goes, you can 38really go home again. However, the mom and daughter often drove from their 39 town tocruise past Katherines beloved old home.One day, as Emily visited her local

19、craft store, inspiration 40 her: Her mother couldhave her house backin replica (复制品) 41 . Emily connected with Ray Meyers, a local retireddentist with a 42 for woodworking. Ray took precise measurements and 43details with the help of the current homeowners.The replica home and the amazing story behi

20、nd it deserved a special 44 . Emilyarranged a surprise party at which the replica and Katherine would be 45 . But keepingKatherine in the 46 was a painful task.“Ray would ask me questions about the house,” Emily says of the planning 47 . “Icouldnt remember everything 48 the last time I was inside wa

21、s when I was a teenager. Iwould 49 Mother and start a conversation where I would say, Oh, by the way, do youremember and ask her something about the house. She would give details from her memory about the 50 and the color. She would tell me 51 what something looked like orwhere it was in the house.”

22、On the very day, Emily went to 52 Katherine to her house.“When we went inside,Iwas just 53 .”Katherine says. “There was a house load of people singing Happy Birthdayto me.”Emily presented Katherine with the carefully 54 replica home.“I just couldnt believe it,” Katherine says. “I have 55 memories of

23、 that house. Ihave had several family dinners where we eat around it. I now can turn on the tiny lights within it.Its so pretty.”For Katherine, it turned out that it is possible to go home again.36.A.accessB. decorateC. buildD. own解析：本题考查动词辨析。根据句意“对于九十岁生日，Katherine唯一想的就是再回到儿时的房子住”可知，D选项own最符合题意，且与首段

24、“. have that house back.”相呼应，own与第一段中的have属于同义替换。 答案：D37.A. keenB. softC. dependentD. hard解析：本题考查形容词短语be on。根据本句和下一句的句意可知，Katherine的女儿Emily并不同意她的看法，be keen on“对喜爱、对感兴趣”，故正确答案选A。C 项be dependent on依赖、依靠；D项be hard on对苛刻。B选项没有这种搭配。答案：A38.A. generallyB. sometimesC. frequentlyD. never解析：本题考查副词的用法。在Emily看来

25、“再也回不去了”，因此D项符合题意。A项“一般地、通常”；B项“有时”；C项“频繁地、屡次地”均不符题意。答案：D39.A. primaryB. temporaryC. currentD. permanent 解析：本题考查形容词的用法。A项“首要的、基本的”；B项“暂时的、临时的”；C项“目前的、现在的”；D项“永恒的、永久的、稳定的”。结合句意“虽然不能再回去住，但是Katherine和Emily经常开车从她们现在住的小镇经过老房子”。故选C。答案：C40.A. overcameB. struckC. failedD. amazed解析：本题考查动词辨析。A项“克服”；B项“撞、打、罢工、

26、猛然想起”，这里是THOUGHT/IDEA想法/主意，突然出现在脑子里，突然被意识到想到，句型：sth. strikessb.，“灵感突然浮现在她脑海。”；C项“失败、衰退”；D项“使大为吃惊、使惊奇”。结合句意“一天，当Emily造访当地一家工艺行时，她忽然有了灵感。”故选B。答案：B41. A. appearanceB. patternC. outlineD. form解析：本题考查名词（短语）。A项“出现、外貌”；B项“图案、花纹、模式”；C项“大纲、提纲、概要”。根据句意“以复制品的形式”可知，in form“以的形式”符合题意，故选D。答案：D42.A. basisB. prefer

27、enceC. talentD. hunger解析：考查名词（短语）。句意可知“Ray Meyers是一个牙医，但是他做木工活儿有天赋”。have a talent for“有的天赋”符合题意，故正确答案选C。A“基础”；B选项“偏 爱”（这里没有比较）；D“饥饿、渴望”。答案：C43.A. completedB. compiledC. committedD. compared解析：考查动词词义辨析。A项“创作、组成、为谱曲”；B项“编辑、编纂、编制”；C项“承诺、保证、全身全意投入、犯罪”；D项“对比、比较”。根据句意“在现有 房主的帮助下，Ray对房子结构进行了精确地测量，并对细节进行了详细

28、地考究”。答案：B44.A. mentionB. analysisC. researchD.inspection解析：考查名词辨析。A. mention“提及、提到”；B. analysis“分析”；C. research“研究”；D. inspection“检查、视察、检阅”。根据句意“这个复制品的房子及其背后的故事尤为值得一提”可知，A项符合题意。答案：A45.A. congratulatedB. appreciatedC. exhibited D. honored解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.“向（某人）道贺；（为成就或成功）感到高兴”；B.“感激、欣赏”；C.“陈列、展览”；D.“为庆祝

29、”。Emily安排了一个特殊的聚会，并在聚会上同时为新房子和Katherine的寿辰庆祝。答案：D46.A. backB. shadowsC. cloudsD. dark解析：考查名词搭配。前文提到Emily为Katherine安排了一个surprise party，由此可以推断出这句话的意思是把Katherine瞒住是一个艰巨的工作。Keep in the dark为固定搭配，意思为隐瞒；对保密。符合题意。B选项阴影；C选项云；D选项后面，背部，均不符合题意。答案：D 47.A. expectationB. processC. advanceD. destination解析：考查名词。前一题

30、说到Emily要给自己的母亲准备房子的复制品，这边就在展开具体计划的流程，包括Ray会问什么问题，怎么从母亲那儿得知房子的颜色和细节等等，因此四个选项中只有B选项process过程；步骤符合题意。A选项期望；C选项发展，前进，增长；D选项目的地均不符合题意。答案：B48.A. becauseB. tillC. as ifD. so that 解析：考查连词。根据句子前后逻辑关系，我不能记住所有事情（房子的细节）和最后一次在房子里面的时候我还是一个青少年之间是先果后因的关系。因为我青少年之后就不再住在老房子里了，因此我遗忘了房子的细节。选A。B直到；C似乎，好像；D因此均不符合题意。答案：A49

31、.A. visit withB. stick withC. deal with D. hold with解析：考查词组搭配。根据上下文，为了知道房子的细节，作者准备通过与母亲聊天的方式（见后文中conversation）来得知母亲对于房子细节的记忆（见后文give details from hermemory），因此本空应该选填A.visit with，意思为看望，在家里做客，与交谈，聊天。B意为坚持，继续做；C处理；D支持，赞同均不符合题意。答案：A50.A. managementB. equipmentC. arrangementD. measurement解析：考查名词。根据上下文，作者

32、希望从母亲那儿知道有关房子的颜色以及房间布局的细节（根据下文where it was in the house可得知），因此选C，arrangement布置，安排方式。要注意不要误选D选项，measurement，尺寸，因为作者的母亲在回忆房子细节的时候只能回忆起颜色和布局等，而不会具体到尺寸多少。B设备，装备，器材（不符合家居环境 背景）；D管理不符合题意。答案：C51.A. brieflyB. partlyC. thoroughlyD. vaguely解析：本题考查副词。可以用代入法一一排除。当和母亲聊起房子细节的时候，她一定会_告诉我所有有关颜色和布局的细节。A短暂地，简略地；B部分地，

33、在一定程度上地；C完全地，彻底地；D模糊地，不明确地。根据文章大意，母亲一直都心心念念老房子，对于谈到这个话题一定是知无不言的，故选C。答案：C52.A. fetchB. join C. welcomeD. receive解析：考查动词。当天，Emily把母亲接到了自己家并给她展示礼物，因此这个空应该表示“接”的意思，只有A接来符合题意。B加入；C欢迎（虽然welcome sb. to有欢迎某人来的意思，但是没有接的意思，因为是在Emily的家中为Katherine准备礼物，需要将Katherine带过来）。D收到。均不符合题意。答案：A53.A. embarrassedB. shockedC

34、. inspiredD. confused解析：本题考查形容词。当Katherine进门，看到许多人在屋里唱生日歌的时候，当时的感受应该是“shocked”，震惊的；震撼的。A选项尴尬的；C选项有灵感的；D选项困惑的均不符合题意。 答案：B54.A. sortedB. wrappedC. foldedD. restored解析：本题考查形容词。Emily把她细心_的复制品递给了Katherine。既然是礼物，而且是细心准备的礼物，应该是细心包裹的，因此选B。A选项挑选的不符合题意，因为本文的礼物并非挑选，而是专门制作的。C选项折叠的；D选项精力充沛的均不符合题意。 答案：B55.A. rece

35、ntB. distantC. fondD. selective解析：本题考查形容词搭配。Have fond memories of sth./sb.的意思是对某事某人有愉快的回忆，符合文中Katherine对老房子的感觉。其他选项recent（最近的），distant（遥远的）和selective（选择性的）都不符合题意。答案：C第三部分阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AInspired by the USAs recent solar eclipse (日蚀)? These equally impre

36、ssive events and activities will inspire your desire for a visit. Witness a desert superbloomOccasionally, the normally dry Mojave Desert, Sonoran Desert, and Chihuahuan Desert willburst into a carpet of yellow, purple, and pink flowers in spring. This is a superbloom, and ithappens if theres signif

37、icant rainfall between September and November. Theres one wildflowerbloom every 5.3 years on average, and a superbloom on average once every 11.2 years.WHERE TO GO: Death Valley National Park, California, the USAWHEN TO GO: FebruaryMarchWatch rockets launchingEvery launch is very impressive and exci

38、ting because you dont know what will happen untilthe last moment. You hear the fire and fury for several minutesseeing a launch in person is abillion times better than watching on TV. The current hot ticket, though, is going to watch aSpaceX reusable rocket launch, then land back at Cape Canaveral.W

39、HERE TO GO: Wallops Flight Facility, Virginia or Kennedy Space Center, FloridaBEST TIME TO GO: Check or www.nasa.govEnjoy a never-ending lightning storm Think lightning never strikes twice? The odds are more generous over the mouth of theCatatumbo River at Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela, which hosts ligh

40、tning storms for up to 297 nightsa year, thanks to its unique geographical location. “Watching the Catatumbo lightning is anexperience you will get nowhere else,” says Jonas Piontek, a German photographer who hastravelled there twice to capture the storms. “You are basically isolated from everyone:

41、no network,no Internet, no real civilization around. Its just you and nature, and one of the best shows onEarth.”WHERE TO GO: Catatumbo Camp, VenezuelaWHEN TO GO: OctoberNovember56. What causes a superbloom to happen in the desert?A. Steady rainfall in a year.B. Occasional rainfall in winter.C. Heav

42、y rainfall in spring.D.Abnormal rainfall in autumn.解析：细节理解题，根据题干关键词superbloom定位第一小节，第二句This is asuperbloom, and it happens if there is a siginicant rainfall between September and November .这 就是superbloom，这种现象的出现取决于九月份到十一月份的是否有显著的降水.A选项Steady rain in a year与significant rain . November不符，排除。因为Septembe

43、r and November属于autumn（单词层面的同义替换），排除B. in winter和C. in spring，故选D. abnormal与significant同义替换。答案：D57. If you want to escape from reality, you can go to _.A. Mojave DesertB. Wallops Flight Facility C. Catatumbo CampD. Death Valley National Park解析：细节理解题，根据题干关键词“escape from the reality”，定位全文最后一句：Youare b

44、asically isolated from everyone, no network, no Internet, no real civilization around .Its justyou and nature, and one of the best shows on Earth.你独立于所有人，没有网络，周围没有真正的文明，只有你和自然以及地球上最好的景观。本句说明此种情形下，你可以得到诸如此类的感受。这种景观发生的地点也则是你可以去的地方：Catatumbo Camp, Venezuela,句中isolated from everyone与escape from reality同

45、义替换，故选C。答案：C BIf every public interaction were filmed, would the world be a better place? Common sensesuggests it would, and to some extent, we already live in such a world, with closed-circuittelevision cameras everywhere and smart phones in every pocket. However, the routine filming of everyday li

46、fe is about to go to the next level. A number ofcountries are rolling out body cams for police officers and other public-facing agencies such as schools.Private citizens are getting in on the act too: cyclists increasingly wear headcams as an insuranceagainst aggressive drivers. As camera technology

47、 gets smaller and cheaper, it isnt hard to foreseea future where were all filming everything all the time, in every direction. Would that be a goodthing?The available evidence suggests that it discourages behavior such as police brutality. Anotherupside is that it would be harder to get away with cr

48、imes or to escape blame for accidents. But aworld on camera could have subtle negative effects. The flood of data we pour into the hands ofGoogle, Facebook and others has already proved a mixed blessing. Those companies would nodoubt be willing to upload and store our body-cam data for free, probabl

49、y with the assistance ofmachinelearningalgorithms(算法)butatwhatcosttoprivacyandfreedomofchoice?Body-cam datacould also create a legal mine field. Disputes over the validity and interpretation of police footage(执法镜头) have already surfaced. Eventually, events not caught on camera could be treated as if theydidnt happen, like a tree falling in the forest. Alternatively, footage could be faked or doctored toescape blame or incriminate others. Of course, theres always the argument that i