大学英语六级综合-阅读(二十一)及答案解析.doc

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1、大学英语六级综合-阅读(二十一)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Dieting advisor Dr. Robert Atkins recommends eating a diet high in protein for those who want to lose weight and keep it off. The hamburger patty is good, the hambur

2、ger bun bad, according to the (1) of Atkins, who has turned his philosophies into a dieting revolution, starting with his first book, Dr. Atkins Diet Revolution, in 1972.Atkins books (2) top best-seller lists. Atkins companies have made millions of dollars in sales of specialty low-carb food product

3、s and carb-counting scales.But the popularity of Atkins eating advice, now appealing to another generation, is (3) some food companies who rely on the consumer (4) for carbohydrate-laden foods such as pastas and pizzas, cakes, cookies and cereals, to add weight to their own bottom lines.“Our industr

4、y has to do something, and soon. It is starting to become a (5) belief that carbohydrates are bad,“ said Judi Adams, director of the Wheat Foods Council. Part of the societys push will be in Washington, where federal health officials are starting talks on (6) to the nations 11-year-old Food Guide Py

5、ramid.Currently, the pyramid puts bread, cereals, rice and pasta as the (7) for healthy eating. The strategy is a direct attack on Atkins: Americans who follow the Atkins diet (8) their risk of health problems that include cardiovascular disease, high cholesterol, kidney damage and some cancers, the

6、 Wheat Foods Council says.According to Atkins, he is not looking to go to war with the food companies, and even Atkins die-hards allow for an (9) doughnut or cookie. “We teach people how to respect it and, on rare occasions, have it in (10) ,“ he said. “We know people cant stay away from it forever.

7、“A. mainstream B. increase C. profitable D. occasional E. routinelyF. panicking G. foundation H. hasty I. recommends J. appetiteK. teachings L. revisions M. empirically N. moderation O. merge（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：10.00)

8、Marie Curie was the first female professor at Sevres, a college for girls who wanted to teach higher education. These twenty-year-olds would (1) become professors. Marie was not liked by her pupils during her first year as a professor. By her second year, the students loved her. One student reported

9、 that the courses taught by Marie were “the (2) reference during the entire length of my career. She didnt dazzle us, she (3) us, attracted us, held us with her simplicity, her desire to be useful to us, the sense she had of both our ignorance and our (4) .“ She was the first to take her students in

10、to the laboratory to physically manipulate their newly-learned theories. She also taught by example, and invited the physics class to hear the (5) of her dissertation (论文). Marie argued for the elimination of additional, difficult tests given only to the female students. She also (6) the dean to pro

11、vide calculus classes to the female students. Marie wanted the girls to have the tools to succeed in academia and fought tooth and nail to provide every (7) .This woman is known for her scientific discoveries and the progress (8) from them. Of course her scientific discoveries are (9) and useful. It

12、 is also important to understand the kind of woman that she was. She was stubborn, and she hated to lose, but it was her goal to use science to help the world in whatever way possible. Her stubbornness led to persistence and (10) . These qualities promoted the use of her brilliance. The love and sup

13、port of her family taught Marie to never question the possibilities that stood before her.A. trivial B. convinced C. possibilities D. merely E. reassuredF. impressive G. opportunity H. dispensable I. derived J. adaptabilitiesK. eventually L. defense M. confused N. determination O. essential（分数：10.00

14、）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_五、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Smother LoveAEvery morning, Leanne Brickland and her sister would bicycle to school with the same words ringing in their ears: “Watch out crossing the road. Dont speak to str

15、angers“. “Mum would stand at the top of the steps and call that out,“ says Brickland, now a primary-school teacher and mother of four from Rotorua, New Zealand. Substitute boxers and thongs for undies (内衣), and the nagging fears that haunt parents havent really changed. What has altered, dramaticall

16、y, is the confidence we once had in our childrens ability to fling themselves at life without a grown-up holding their hands.BBy todays standards, the childhood freedoms Brickland took for granted practically verge on parental neglect. Her mother worked, so she and her sister had a key to let themse

17、lves in after school and were expected to do their homework and put on the potatoes for dinner. At the familys beach house near Wellington, the two girls, from the age of five or six, would disappear for hours to play in the lakes and sands.CA generation later, Bricklands children are growing up in

18、a world more indulged yet more accustomed to peril. The techno-minded generation of PlayStation kids who can conquer entire armies and rocket through space cant even be trusted to cross the street alone. “I walked or biked to school for years, but my children dont,“ Brickland admits. “I worry about

19、the road. I worry about strangers. In some ways I think theyre missing out, but I like to be able to see them, to know where they are and what theyre doing.“DCall it smother love, indulged-kid syndrome, parental neurosis (神经症). Even though todays children have the universe at their fingertips thanks

20、 to the Internet, their physical boundaries are shrinking at a rapid pace. According to British social scientist Mayer Hillman, a childs play zone has contracted so radically that were producing the human equivalent of henhouse chickensplump from lack of exercise and without the flexibility and init

21、iative of free-range kids of the past. The spirit of our times is no longer the resourceful adventurer Tom Sawyer but rather the worry-ridden dad and his stifled only child in Finding Nemo.EIn short, child rearing has become an exercise in risk minimization, represented by stories such as the father

22、 who refused to allow his daughter on a school picnic to the beach for fear she might drown. While its natural for a parent to want to protect their children from danger, you have to wonder: Have we gone too far?FA study conducted by Paul Tranter, a lecturer in geography at the Australian Defence Fo

23、rce Academy in Canberra, showed that while Australian and New Zealand children had similar amounts of unsupervised freedom, it was far less than German or English kids. For example, only a third of ten-year-olds in Australia and New Zealand were allowed to visit places other than school alone, compa

24、red to 80 percent in Germany.GGirls were even more restricted than boys, with parents fearing assault or molestation (骚扰), while traffic dangers were seen as the greatest threat to boys. Bike ownership has doubled in a generation, but “independent mobility“the ability to roam and explore unsupervise

25、dhas radically declined. In Auckland, for example, many primary schools have done away with bicycle racks because the streets are considered too unsafe. And in Christchurch, New Zealands most bike-friendly city, the number of pupils cycling to school has fallen from more than 90 percent in the late

26、1970s to less than 20 percent. Safely strapped into the family 44, children are instead driven from home to the school gate, then off to ballet, soccer or swimming lessonsrarely straying from watchful adult eyes.HIn the U.S. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation Dance, New Jersey assistant princ

27、ipal and hockey coach Bobbie Schultz writes that playing in the street after school with neighborhood kidscreating their own rules, making their own decisions and settling disputeswas where the real learning took place. “The street was one of the greatest sources of my life skills,“ she says. “I don

28、t see on-the-street play anymore. I see adult-organized activities. Parents dont realize what an integral part of character development their children are missing.“IArmored with bicycle helmets, car seats, “safe“ playgrounds and sunscreen, children are getting the message loud and clear that the wor

29、ld is till of periland that theyre ill-equipped to handle it alone. Yet research consistently shows young people are much more capable than we think, says professor Anne Smith, director of New Zealands Childrens Issues Centre. “The thing that many adults have difficulty with is that children cant le

30、arn to be grown-up if theyre excluded and protected all the time.“JEducational psychologist Paul Prangley reckons its about time the kid gloves came off. He believes parenting has taken on a paranoid (患妄想症的) edge thats creating a generation of naive, insecure youngsters who are subconsciously being

31、taught theyre incapable of handling things by themselves. “Flexibility and the ability to resist pressure and temptation are learned skills,“ Prangley explains. “If you wrap kids up in cotton wool and dont give them the opportunity to take risks, theyre less equipped to make responsible decisions la

32、ter in life.“KSadly, high-profile cases of children being kidnapped and murderedsuch as ten-year-old Holly Wells and Jessica Chapman in the United Kingdom; five-year-old Chloe Hoson in Australia, whose body was found just 200 metres from where she lived; and six-year-old Teresa Cormack in New Zealan

33、d, who was snatched off the street on her way to schoolonly serve to reinforce parents fears. Teresa Cormacks death, for example, was one of the rare New Zealand cases of random child kidnap. In Australia, the odds of someone under the age of 15 being murdered by a stranger have been estimated at on

34、e in four million.LHowever, parental fear is contagious. In one British study, far more children feared an attack by a stranger than being hit by a car. “We are losing our sense of perspective,“ write Jan Parker and Jan Stimpson in their parenting book, Raising Happy Children. “Every parent has to n

35、egotiate their own route between equipping children with the skills they need to stay safe and not restricting or terrifying them unnecessarily in the process.“MDr. Claire Freeman, a planning expert at the University of Otago, points to the erosion of community responsibility as another casualty of

36、that mutual distrust. Not so long ago, adults knew all the local kids and were the informal guardians of the neighbourhood. “Now, particularly if you are a man, you may hesitate to offer help to a lost child for fear your motives might be questioned.“NAs a planner in the mid-1990s, Freeman became co

37、ncerned about the loss of green space to development and the erosion of informal places to play. In a study that looked at how children in the British city of Leeds spent their summer holidays, compared with their parents childhood experiences, she found the freedom to explore had been severely cont

38、ractedin some cases, down to the front yard. Freeman says she cannot remember being inside the house as a child, or being alone. Growing up was about being part of a group. Now a mother of four, Freeman believes the “domestication of play“ is robbing kids of their sense of belonging within a society

39、.ONevertheless, Freeman says childrens needs are starting to get more emphasis. In the Netherlands, child-friendly “home zones“ have been created where priority is given to pedestrians, rather than cars. And ponds are being incorporated back into housing estates on the principle that children should

40、 learn to be safe around water, rather than be surrounded by a barren landscape. After all, as one of the smarter fish says in Finding Nemo, theres one problem with promising your kids that nothing will ever happen to thembecause then nothing ever will.（分数：20.00）(1).To protect children from traffic

41、dangers, parents drive their children to school and other extracurricular activities.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).A study found that fearing an attack outnumbers fearing being hit by a car among children.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).A social scientist indicates that nowadays childrens play zones have shrunk sharply,

42、resulting in their lack of flexibility and initiative which free-range kids had.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).According to a primary-school teacher and mother of four, parents nowadays have changed their confidence in the childrens ability.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).A hockey coach points out that real learning takes

43、 place in on-the-street play.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(6).Parents concern about the safety of children is greatly reinforced by cases of child kidnap and murder.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(7).Parents almost pay no attention to childhood freedom by todays standards.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(8).Equipped with bicycle helmets, car

44、seats etc. children are taught that the world is dangerous and they cant cope with it.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(9).Childrens needs get increasing concern and Netherlands has taken some measures accordingly.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(10).A planning expert thinks that lack of mutual trust results in the erosion of commu

45、nity responsibility.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_七、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：20.00)eBayAeBay is a global phenomenonthe worlds largest garage sale, online shopping center, car dealer and auction site with 147 million registered users in 30 countries as of March 2005. You can find everything from encyclopedias to olive

46、s to snow boots to stereos to airplanes for sale. And if you stumble on it before the eBay overseers do, you might even find a human kidney or a virtual date.eBay BasicsBeBay is, first and foremost, an online auction site. You can browse through categories like Antiques, Boats, Clothing Accessories,

47、 Computers Networking, Jewelry Watches and Video Games. When you see something you like, you click on the auction title and view the details, including pictures, descriptions, payment options and shipping information.CIf you place a bid on an item, you enter a contractual agreement to buy it if you

48、win the auction. All auctions have minimum starting bids, and some have a reserve pricea secret minimum amount the seller is willing to accept for the item. If the bidding doesnt reach the reserve price, the seller doesnt have to part with the item. In addition to auctions, you can find tons of fixed