大学英语六级分类模拟题316及答案解析.doc
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1、大学英语六级分类模拟题 316 及答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数:0,分数:0.00)More than a decade ago, cognitive scientists John Bransford and Daniel Schwartz, both then at Vanderbilt University, found that what distinguished young adults from children was not the ability to retain facts or apply p
2、rior knowledge to a new situation but a quality they called “preparation for future learning.“ The researchers asked fifth graders and college students to create a recovery plan to protect bald eagles from extinction. Shockingly, the two groups came up with plans of similar quality (although the col
3、lege students had better spelling skills). From the standpoint of a traditional educator, this outcome indicated that schooling had failed to help students think about ecosystems and extinction, major scientific ideas. The researchers decided to go deeper, however. They asked both groups to generate
4、 questions about important issues needed to create recovery plans. On this task, they found large differences. College students focused on critical issues of interdependence between eagles and their habitats(栖息地). Fifth graders tended to focus on features of individual eagles(“How big are they?“ and
5、 “What do they eat?“). The college students had cultivated the ability to ask questions, the corner-stone of critical thinking. They had learned how to learn. Museums and other institutions of informal learning may be better suited to teach this skill than elementary and secondary schools. At the Ex
6、ploratorium in San Francisco, we recently studied how learning to ask good questions can affect the quality of people“s scientific inquiry. We found that when we taught participants to ask “What if?“ and “How can?“ questions that nobody present would know the answer to and that would spark explorati
7、on, they engaged in better inquiry at the next exhibitasking more questions, performing more experiments and making better interpretations of their results. Specifically, their questions became more comprehensive at the new exhibit. Rather than merely asking about something they wanted to try, they
8、tended to include both cause and effect in their question. Asking juicy questions appears to be a transferable skill for deepening collaborative inquiry into the science content found in exhibits. This type of learning is not confined to museums or institutional settings. Informal learning environme
9、nts tolerate failure better than schools. Perhaps many teachers have too little time to allow students to form and pursue their own questions and too much ground to cover in the curriculum. But people must acquire this skill somewhere. Our society depends on them being able to make critical decision
10、s about their own medical treatment, say, or what we must do about global energy needs and demands. For that, we have a robust informal learning system that gives no grades, takes all comers, and is available even on holidays and weekends.(分数:20.00)(1).What is traditional educators“ interpretation o
11、f the research outcome mentioned in the first paragraph?(分数:4.00)A.Students are not able to apply prior knowledge to new problems.B.College students are no better than fifth graders in memorizing facts.C.Education has not paid enough attention to major environmental issues.D.Education has failed to
12、lead students to think about major scientific ideas.(2).In what way are college students different from children?(分数:4.00)A.They have learned to think critically.B.They are concerned about social issues.C.They are curious about specific features.D.They have learned to work independently.(3).What is
13、the benefit of asking questions with no ready answers?(分数:4.00)A.It arouses students“ interest in things around them.B.It cultivates students“ ability to make scientific inquiries.C.It trains students“ ability to design scientific experiments.D.It helps students realize not every question has an ans
14、wer.(4).What is said to be the advantage of informal learning?(分数:4.00)A.It allows for failures.B.It charges no tuition.C.It is entertaining.D.It meets practical needs.(5).What does the author seem to encourage educators to do at the end of the passage?(分数:4.00)A.Train students to think about global
15、 issues.B.Design more interactive classroom activities.C.Make full use of informal learning resources.D.Include collaborative inquiry in the curriculum.“There“s an old saying in the space world: amateurs talk about technology, professionals talk about insurance.“ In an interview last year with The E
16、conomist, George Whitesides, chief executive of space-tourism firm Virgin Galactic, was placing his company in the latter category. But insurance will be cold comfort following the failure on October 31 st of VSS Enterprise, resulting in the death of one pilot and the severe injury to another. On to
17、p of the tragic loss of life, the accident in California will cast a long shadow over the future of space tourism, even before it has properly begun. The notion of space tourism took hold in 2001 with a $29 million flight aboard a Russian space-craft by Dennis Tito, a millionaire engineer with an ad
18、venturous streak. Just half a dozen holiday-makers have reached orbit since thenfor similarly astronomical price tagsBut more recently,companies have begun to plan more affordable “suborbital“ flights-briefer ventures just to the edge of space“s vast darkness. Virgin Galactic had, prior to this week
19、“s accident, seemed closet to starting regular frights. The company has already taken deposits from around 800 would be space tourists, including Stephen Hawking. After being dogged by technical delays for years, Sir Richard Branson, Virgin Galactic“s founder, had recently suggested that a Space Shi
20、p Two craft would carry its first paying customers as soon as February 2015. That now seems an impossible timeline. In July, a sister craft of the crashed spaceplane was reported to be about haft-finished. The other haft will have to wait, as authorities of America“s Federal Aviation Administration(
21、FAA) and National Transportation Safety Board work out what went wrong. In the meantime, the entire space tourism industry will be on tenterhooks(坐立不安). The 2004 Commercial Space Launch Amendments Act, intended to encourage private space vehicles and services, prohibits the transportation secretary
22、(and thereby the FAA) from regulating the design or operation of private spacecraft, unless they have resulted in a serious or fatal injury to crew or passengers. That means that the FAA could suspend Virgin Galactic“s license to fly. It could also insist on checking private manned spacecraft as tho
23、roughly as it does commercial aircraft. While that may make suborbital travel safer, it would add significant cost and complexity to an emerging industry that has until now operated largely as the playground of billionaires and dreamy engineers. How Virgin Glactic, regulators and the public respond
24、to this most recent tragedy will determine whether and how soon private space travel can transcend that playground. There is no doubt that spaceflight en-tails risks, and to pioneer a new mode of travel is to face those risks, and to reduce them with the benefit of hard-won experience.(分数:20.00)(1).
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