【考研类试卷】英语翻译基础（英汉互译）-试卷5及答案解析.doc

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1、英语翻译基础（英汉互译）-试卷 5 及答案解析(总分：12.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.汉译英（分数：2.00）_2.中华民族历来爱好自由与和平。中国人民始终希望天下太平，希望同各国人民友好相处。中国人民在近代饱受战争的痛苦，更深感自由与和平的珍贵。任何一个国家的建设和发展，都需要一个和平稳定的国际国内环境。任何一个国家和民族的自由，都是一切个人自由的前提和基础。我们希望各国人民都生活在没有战争和暴力的世界里，希望各国人民都能享有不被人压迫、歧视和欺凌的自由。（分数：2.00）_3.金融危机对中国实体经济的影响日益显现。从去年第三季度以来，出口大

2、幅下滑，经济增速放缓，就业压力加大。中国经济面临着严峻的局面。面对危机，我们果断决策，及时调整宏观经济政策取向，迅速出台扩大国内需求的十项措施，陆续制定了一系列政策，形成了系统完整的促进经济平稳较快发展的一揽子计划。（分数：2.00）_4.金融体制改革 金融体制改革是我们经济体制改革的重头戏。中国金融体系存在许多问题，最主要的就是银行不良贷款比例较高，存在着很大的金融隐患。主要原因在于体制，必须加快对银行体制的改革。我们的目标是建立现代银行制度，使银行能够成为自主经营、自负盈亏、真正的商业银行。我们要创造条件实行银行公司治理结构的改造，实行股份制，具备条件的，允许上市。 我们要加强金融机构对中

3、小企业、特别是民营企业的支持。应该承认，在这方面做的是不够的。中小企业特别是民营企业对于吸纳劳动力、解决就业问题可以发挥重要作用。我们要在加强监管、防范风险的同时加大银行对他们的扶持力度。（分数：2.00）_5.展望新世纪初的国内外形势，未来五到十年，是我国经济和社会发展极为重要的时期。世界新科技革命迅猛发展，经济全球化趋势增强，许多国家积极推进产业结构调整，周边国家正在加快发展。国际环境既对我们提出了严峻挑战，也为我们提供了迎头赶上、实现跨越式发展的历史性机遇。从国内看，我们正处在经济结构调整的关键时期，改革处于攻坚阶段，加入世贸组织又会带来一些新的问题。各方面任务十分繁重，许多深层次矛盾需

4、要解决，形势要求我们必须抓住机遇，加快发展。（分数：2.00）_6.推进产业结构优化升级，形成以高新技术产业为先导、基础产业和制造业为支撑、服务业全面发展的产业格局。优先发展信息产业，在经济和社会领域广泛应用信息技术。积极发展对经济增长有突破性重大带动作用的高新技术产业。用高新技术和先进适用技术改造传统产业，大力振兴装备制造业。继续加强基础设施建设。加快发展现代服务业，提高第三产业在国民经济中的比重。正确处理发展高新技术产业和传统产业、资金技术密集型产业和劳动密集型产业、虚拟经济和实体经济的关系。（分数：2.00）_英语翻译基础（英汉互译）-试卷 5 答案解析(总分：12.00，做题时间：90

5、 分钟)一、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.汉译英（分数：2.00）_解析：2.中华民族历来爱好自由与和平。中国人民始终希望天下太平，希望同各国人民友好相处。中国人民在近代饱受战争的痛苦，更深感自由与和平的珍贵。任何一个国家的建设和发展，都需要一个和平稳定的国际国内环境。任何一个国家和民族的自由，都是一切个人自由的前提和基础。我们希望各国人民都生活在没有战争和暴力的世界里，希望各国人民都能享有不被人压迫、歧视和欺凌的自由。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： The Chinese people have been a freedom-and-peace-loving nat

6、ion. They have always hoped for the world to be at peace and the peoples of various countries to co-exist friendly. Having suffered from wars and foreign aggression in modern times, the Chinese people treasure freedom and peace all the more. Every nation needs a peaceful and stable international and

7、 domestic environment for its construction and development. The freedom of a country or nation is the prerequisite and basis of the freedom of any individual. We hope that all nations live in a world free from war and violence and that the peoples of various countries enjoy freedom without oppressio

8、n, discrimination, bullying and humiliation.)解析：3.金融危机对中国实体经济的影响日益显现。从去年第三季度以来，出口大幅下滑，经济增速放缓，就业压力加大。中国经济面临着严峻的局面。面对危机，我们果断决策，及时调整宏观经济政策取向，迅速出台扩大国内需求的十项措施，陆续制定了一系列政策，形成了系统完整的促进经济平稳较快发展的一揽子计划。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： The fallout of the financial crisis on China“ s real economy is becoming more evident. S

9、ince the third quarter of last year, our exports have declined sharply, economic growth has slowed down, and the pressure on employment has been rising. In the face of the grim situation, we have acted decisively. We have made timely adjustment to the direction of our macroeconomic policy, promptly

10、introduced ten measures to expand domestic demand, and formulated a series of related policies. Together, they make up a systematic and comprehensive package plan aimed at promoting steady and relatively fast economic growth.)解析：4.金融体制改革 金融体制改革是我们经济体制改革的重头戏。中国金融体系存在许多问题，最主要的就是银行不良贷款比例较高，存在着很大的金融隐患。主

11、要原因在于体制，必须加快对银行体制的改革。我们的目标是建立现代银行制度，使银行能够成为自主经营、自负盈亏、真正的商业银行。我们要创造条件实行银行公司治理结构的改造，实行股份制，具备条件的，允许上市。 我们要加强金融机构对中小企业、特别是民营企业的支持。应该承认，在这方面做的是不够的。中小企业特别是民营企业对于吸纳劳动力、解决就业问题可以发挥重要作用。我们要在加强监管、防范风险的同时加大银行对他们的扶持力度。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： Financial Reform Financial reform is the most difficult and the most cruc

12、ial part of our overall economic reforms. The financial sector in China has been plagued by many problems. The biggest problem is the fairly high proportion of non-performing loans from banks. There exists significant risk. The problem is caused by defects in the system. So we have to accelerate the

13、 reform of the banking system. Our aim is to put in place a modern banking system whereby the banks will be commercial banks in a true sense, responsible for their own operation decisions and for their profits and losses. On our part, we will help create conditions that facilitate corporate governan

14、ce among banks through the share-holding system. Those that meet the conditions can go public. We must also strengthen financial assistance for small and medium-sized enterprises and privately-run enterprises. We have to admit that not enough has been done in this field, even though the small and me

15、dium-sized enterprises play an important role in creating job opportunities. So while we step up regulation and improve our capability to avoid financial risks, we should make sure that the banks provide them with more financing.)解析：5.展望新世纪初的国内外形势，未来五到十年，是我国经济和社会发展极为重要的时期。世界新科技革命迅猛发展，经济全球化趋势增强，许多国家积

16、极推进产业结构调整，周边国家正在加快发展。国际环境既对我们提出了严峻挑战，也为我们提供了迎头赶上、实现跨越式发展的历史性机遇。从国内看，我们正处在经济结构调整的关键时期，改革处于攻坚阶段，加入世贸组织又会带来一些新的问题。各方面任务十分繁重，许多深层次矛盾需要解决，形势要求我们必须抓住机遇，加快发展。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： Looking ahead at the situation at home and abroad at the beginning of the 21 st century, it can be said that the next five to t

17、en years will be an extremely important period for China“ s economic and social development. The worldwide new scientific and technological revolution is progressing rapidly with great momentum. The economic globalization trend is gaining strength. Many countries are actively restructuring their ind

18、ustries, and our neighboring countries are accelerating their development. This international environment presents a severe challenge and a historic opportunity for us to strive to catch up and achieve development by leaps and bounds. At home, we are at a crucial juncture in economic restructuring,

19、and reform is in a very difficult period. Our entry into the World Trade Organization will bring us a number of new problems. We are facing many arduous tasks. Many deep-seated problems need to be solved. All this requires us to seize the opportunity and accelerate development.)解析：6.推进产业结构优化升级，形成以高新

20、技术产业为先导、基础产业和制造业为支撑、服务业全面发展的产业格局。优先发展信息产业，在经济和社会领域广泛应用信息技术。积极发展对经济增长有突破性重大带动作用的高新技术产业。用高新技术和先进适用技术改造传统产业，大力振兴装备制造业。继续加强基础设施建设。加快发展现代服务业，提高第三产业在国民经济中的比重。正确处理发展高新技术产业和传统产业、资金技术密集型产业和劳动密集型产业、虚拟经济和实体经济的关系。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： We must press ahead to optimize and upgrade the industrial structure so as to

21、 bring about an industrial pattern with high and new technology industries as the leader, basic and manufacturing industries as the kingpin and the service industry developing in all areas. We must give priority to the development of the information industry and apply IT in all areas of economic and

22、 social development. We must develop high and new technology industries to provide breakthroughs in stimulating economic growth. It is necessary to transform traditional industries with high and new technology and advanced adaptive technology and invigorate the equipment manufacturing industry. We s

23、hould continue to strengthen infrastructure. We should accelerate the development of the modern service sector and raise the proportion of the tertiary industry in the national economy. We must correctly handle the relationships of development between the high and new technology industries and traditional industries, between capital-and-technology-intensive industries and labor-intensive industries and between virtual economy and real economy.)解析：