【考研类试卷】英语翻译基础（英汉互译）-试卷24及答案解析.doc

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1、英语翻译基础（英汉互译）-试卷 24 及答案解析(总分：12.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.汉译英（分数：2.00）_2.中国与西方国家的合作是互利的。中国经济的发展，不仅改善了本国人民的生活，也为世界经济的增长提供了新的推动力，为发达国家提供了更多的商业机会。中国是一个潜力巨大的新兴市场，西方国家技术先进，资金雄厚，两者经济上具有很强的互补性。西方一些国家对华采取歧视性的贸易政策，不仅损人，最终也会损害自己的利益。（分数：2.00）_3.消费信贷 尽管“消费信贷”概念在美国等发达国家家喻户晓，但对中国的消费者来说还是件新鲜事。住房贷款是去年才实行

2、的。尽管如此，1998 年上半年，中国四大商业银行向未来的房主和房地产开发商发放了相当于 60 亿美元的贷款。 仅五个月内，一家大银行便发放了 3900 万美元购车贷款。银行还提供个人贷款用于购买大件家用电器。有些家庭为儿女能够到国外名牌大学就读申请了教育贷款。（分数：2.00）_4.纺织企业改革 目前国有纺织企业占用着上亿元的资产，却连年巨额亏损，其重要原因是资源重复配置，企业过度竞争，而败者又难以实现优化配置。在压锭重组过程中，将鼓励采取股权交易方式并购劣势企业，将其占用的资源转移或注入到优势企业，使优势企业依靠科技进步，调整产品结构，加强企业管理，真正实现资源的优化配置，提高国有纺织企业

3、的资产运行质量和市场竞争力。一些连续多年亏损、扭亏无望的企业，只能走破产的道路。（分数：2.00）_5.现在的国际金融是没有国界的。当东京的股市大跌时，受影响的不只是日本，而是全世界。因此要保持我们中国的经济稳定发展，就要帮助恢复亚太地区的稳定和发展。我们中国在这次亚洲金融危机中勇敢地承担了自己的责任。（分数：2.00）_6.股票市场，国库券市场和企业债券市场是上海最大和最活跃的资本市场。这些市场的日趋活跃，表明上海金融体系越来越成熟，同时也看出上海企业正设法通过直接向群众借款的办法来克服信贷紧缩。它还说明，上海投资者越来越聪明。他们购买各种有价证券，从保值定期储蓄、国库券、股票、企业债券，到

4、现在只要能使手中钱不因通货膨胀而贬值的各种其他金融债券。机构投资者和个人投资者踊跃购买每年发行的国库券。企业债券因为期限短，利率高于银行存款利率一到二个百分点，因此也十分受欢迎。人们争相购买证券，往往前一天晚上就在银行外排队，一个亿的债券几天就一售而空。（分数：2.00）_英语翻译基础（英汉互译）-试卷 24 答案解析(总分：12.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.汉译英（分数：2.00）_解析：2.中国与西方国家的合作是互利的。中国经济的发展，不仅改善了本国人民的生活，也为世界经济的增长提供了新的推动力，为发达国家提供了更多的商业机会。中国是一个潜力

5、巨大的新兴市场，西方国家技术先进，资金雄厚，两者经济上具有很强的互补性。西方一些国家对华采取歧视性的贸易政策，不仅损人，最终也会损害自己的利益。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： Such co-operation between China and the Western countries is a mutually beneficial one. Economic growth in China has not only improved the living standards of its own people, but also provided a fresh drivi

6、ng force to world economic growth, together with greater business opportunities for developed countries. China is a newly emerging market with enormous potential, while the Western countries boast advanced technology and abundant capital. The two sides are highly complementary economically. The disc

7、riminatory trade policies against China adopted by some Western countries, while harming others, will in the end undermine their own interests.)解析：3.消费信贷 尽管“消费信贷”概念在美国等发达国家家喻户晓，但对中国的消费者来说还是件新鲜事。住房贷款是去年才实行的。尽管如此，1998 年上半年，中国四大商业银行向未来的房主和房地产开发商发放了相当于 60 亿美元的贷款。 仅五个月内，一家大银行便发放了 3900 万美元购车贷款。银行还提供个人贷款用于

8、购买大件家用电器。有些家庭为儿女能够到国外名牌大学就读申请了教育贷款。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： Consumer Credit While the concept of “consumer credit“ is well known in developed countries like the United States, it“ s something new to Chinese consumers. It was just last year that Housing Loans were introduced. Still, in the first half of

9、 1998, China“ s four major commercial banks loaned the equivalent of $ 6 billion to potential homeowners and real estate developers. In just five months, one major bank granted $ 39 million dollars in Auto Loans. Banks are also offering Personal Loans, with which consumers can purchase major home ap

10、pliances. Some families are taking out Education Loans, so their sons and daughters can attend prestigious universities overseas.)解析：4.纺织企业改革 目前国有纺织企业占用着上亿元的资产，却连年巨额亏损，其重要原因是资源重复配置，企业过度竞争，而败者又难以实现优化配置。在压锭重组过程中，将鼓励采取股权交易方式并购劣势企业，将其占用的资源转移或注入到优势企业，使优势企业依靠科技进步，调整产品结构，加强企业管理，真正实现资源的优化配置，提高国有纺织企业的资产运行质量和

11、市场竞争力。一些连续多年亏损、扭亏无望的企业，只能走破产的道路。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： The Reform of Textile Enterprises Currently, state-owned textile enterprises have assets worth over 100 million yuan, and yet they have suffered huge losses for successive years. An important reason is duplication in resource allocation. In the e

12、xcessive competition among enterprises, the losers can hardly be eliminated, and it is difficult to optimize the allocation of their resources. In the process of reducing and regrouping spindles, equity transaction methods will be encouraged to purchase inferior enterprises. The resources they occup

13、y will be transferred or injected into superior enterprises. The latter will rely on technological progress to readjust the product mix and strengthen enterprise management. This will optimize resource allocation and raise the quality of asset operations and the competitive abilities of the enterpri

14、ses. Hopeless businesses should be allowed to go bankrupt.)解析：5.现在的国际金融是没有国界的。当东京的股市大跌时，受影响的不只是日本，而是全世界。因此要保持我们中国的经济稳定发展，就要帮助恢复亚太地区的稳定和发展。我们中国在这次亚洲金融危机中勇敢地承担了自己的责任。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： International finance has no respect for national borders. When stock markets fall in Tokyo, the effects are no lo

15、nger local: they are global. So to have sustained economic growth, China must help to restore stability and growth in the Asia Pacific region. China has steadfastly shouldered its responsibilities to the region in this latest financial crisis.)解析：6.股票市场，国库券市场和企业债券市场是上海最大和最活跃的资本市场。这些市场的日趋活跃，表明上海金融体系越

16、来越成熟，同时也看出上海企业正设法通过直接向群众借款的办法来克服信贷紧缩。它还说明，上海投资者越来越聪明。他们购买各种有价证券，从保值定期储蓄、国库券、股票、企业债券，到现在只要能使手中钱不因通货膨胀而贬值的各种其他金融债券。机构投资者和个人投资者踊跃购买每年发行的国库券。企业债券因为期限短，利率高于银行存款利率一到二个百分点，因此也十分受欢迎。人们争相购买证券，往往前一天晚上就在银行外排队，一个亿的债券几天就一售而空。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： Increasing at activity in the stock market, the treasury bond and

17、enterprise bond markets Shanghai“ s biggest and most active capital markets-reflects the growing sophistication of the local financial system and the efforts of local enterprises to beat the credit squeeze by borrowing directly from the public. It also indicates that Shanghai investors are getting s

18、marter, spreading their portfolios among inflation linked fixed bank deposits, treasury bonds, shares, and enterprise bonds, and other financial instruments now available as a hedge against inflation. Treasury bonds issued each year have been the most popular with institutional and individual investors. Enterprise bonds are also popular because they have a short maturity and offer an interest rate of 1-2% more than the average bank deposit rate. Often RMB 100 million worth of enterprise bonds are subscribed within a few days by anxious investors who queue overnight outside banks.)解析：