【考研类试卷】武汉大学考博英语-1及答案解析.doc

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1、武汉大学考博英语-1 及答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART Reading (总题数：4，分数：20.00)Each passage is followed by some question or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the correspo

2、nding letter in the brackets.Before high school teacher Kimberly Rugh got down to business at the start of a recent school week, she joked with her students about how shed had to clean cake out of the comers of her house after her 2-year-old sons birthday party. This friendly combination of chitchat

3、 took place not in front of a blackboard but in an Email message that Rugh sent to the 135 students shes teaching at the Florida Virtual School, one of the nations leading online high schools. The schools motto is “any time, any place, any path, any pace“.Floridas E-school attracts many students who

4、 need flexible scheduling, from young tennis stars and young musicians to brothers Tobias and Tyler Heeb, who take turns working on the computer while helping out with their familys clam-farming business on Pine Island, off Floridas southwest coast. Home-schoolers also are well represented. Most stu

5、dents live in Florida, but 55 hail from West Virginia, where a severe teacher shortage makes it hard for many students to take advanced classes. Seven kids from Texas and four from Shanghai round out the student body.The great majority of Florida Virtual Schoolers-80 percent are enrolled in regular

6、Florida public or private high schools. Some are busy overachievers. Others are retaking classes they barely passed the first time. The schools biggest challenge is making sure that students arent left to sink or swim on their own. After the school experienced a disappointing course completion rate

7、of just 40 percent in its early years, Executive Director Julie Young made a priority out of what she calls “relationship-building“, asking teachers to stay in frequent E-mail and phone contact with their students. That personal touch has helped: The completion rate is now 80 percent.Critics of onli

8、ne classes say that while they may have a limited place, they are a poor substitute for the face-to-face contact and socialization that take place in brick-and-mortar classrooms. Despite opportunities for online chats, some virtual students say theyd prefer to have more interaction with their peers.

9、Students and parents are quick to acknowledge that virtual schooling isnt for everyone. “If your childs not focused and motivated, I can only imagine it would be a nightmare,“ says Patricia Haygood of Orlando, whose two daughters are thriving at the Florida school. For those who have what it takes,

10、however, virtual learning fills an important niche. “I can work at my own pace, on my own time,“ says Hackney. “Its the ultimate in student responsibility.“（分数：5.00）(1).Kimberly Rugh Talked about her sons birthday party _ .（分数：1.00）A.with her friendsB.with her colleaguesC.in the classroomD.in an E-m

11、ail massage sent to her students(2).“Any time, any place, any path, any pace“ is_.（分数：1.00）A.what taken as the guiding principle of the Florida Virtual SchoolB.words placed at the beginning of a book or a chapterC.a slogan put on the wallD.words used in advertisements(3).From this passage, we can fi

12、nd the following facts except that_.（分数：1.00）A.the students at the Florida Virtual School hail from places in or out of the U. S.B.the students at the online schools can take classes at any timeC.the online schools provide a variety of training from tennis to musicD.among the students of Florida Vit

13、ual School, there are some very advanced or backward ones.(4).The challenge of the school is_.（分数：1.00）A.how to teach the students to swim wellB.how to make the students more active in their learningC.to complete “the relationship-building“ ahead of timeD.to urge the teachers to go to the office mor

14、e often(5).What is the passage mainly about?（分数：1.00）A.online schooling is more convenient and efficient.B.online schooling lacks in face-to-face contact and socialization.C.online schooling is not for everyone.D.An overall estimate on online schooling.In the wake of 11 September, Visionics, a leadi

15、ng manufacturer, issued a fact sheet explaining how its technology could enhance airport security. They called it “protecting civilization from the faces of terror“. The companys share price skyrocketed, as did the stocks of other face-recognition companies, and airports across the globe began insta

16、lling the software and running trials.As the results start to come in, however, the gloss (光滑表面) is wearing off. No matter what you might have heard about face-recognition software, Big Brother is not so good as expected.The concern was based largely on an independent assessment of face-recognition

17、systems carried out in 2000 in the U. S. by the Department of Defense. These tests found that to catch 90 percent of suspects at an airport, face-recognition software would have to raise a huge number of false alarms. one in three people would end up being dragged out of the line and thats assuming

18、everyone looks straight at the camera and makes no effort to disguise himself. Results from the recent airport trials would seem to justify that concern.Most face-recognition systems use some kind of geometric technique to translate a picture of a face into a set of numbers that capture its characte

19、ristics. once it has identified these boundaries, the software calculates their relative sizes and positions and converts this geometry into what Visionics calls a “faceprint“. Feed the software a series of mugshots, and itll calculate their faceprints. Then it can monitor live CCTV images for the f

20、aces of known suspects. When it finds a match, it raises an alarm.Even if the system does manage to capture a face, the problems arent over. The trouble is that a suspects faceprint taken from live CCTV is unlikely to match the one in the database in every detail. To give themselves the best chance

21、of picking up suspects, operators can set the software so that it doesnt have to make an exact match before it raises the alarm. But theres a price to pay: the more potential suspects you pick up, the more false alarms you get. You have to get the balance just right.Despite the disappointing tests,

22、some people insist that face-recognition technology is good enough to put terrorists off. After all the claims and counter-claims, with no one able to discern(洞察) the truth, the industry may soon have to face up to reality.（分数：5.00）(1).The first paragraph tells us that_.（分数：1.00）A.Visionics produced

23、 the best face-recognition software enhancing airport securityB.Visionicss stocks rose in priceC.the airports were satisfied with the softwareD.Visionicss software was a great success(2).The second paragraph implies that_.（分数：1.00）A.the surface of the software is not smoothB.there is a series of fac

24、e-recognition software productsC.the software turns out to be inefficientD.the software is not durable(3).What is the fatal defect of the system according to the U. S. Department of Defense?（分数：1.00）A.Too many false alarms were raised.B.Everyone should look straight at the camera.C.only 90% of suspe

25、cts at an airport were found.D.Everyone should not disguise himself.(4).What makes it so hard for the face-recognition systems to work effectively?（分数：1.00）A.The computers are not so advanced.B.The faceprints of the mugshots fed in the computers are never identical with those of real persons.C.It is

26、 very hard for the operators to learn to control the system.D.People seldom look straight at the camera.(5).In the last paragraph, the author points out that_.（分数：1.00）A.any way, the face-recognition technology is good enough to frighten the terroristsB.the industry will have to recognize the real s

27、ituation and work hard to improve the technologyC.all the claims are prematureD.we must not expect too muchAnd researchers say that like those literary romantics Romeo and Juliet, they may be blind to the consequences of their quests for an idealized mate who serves their every physical and emotiona

28、l need.Nearly 19 in 20 never-married respondents to a national survey agree that “when you marry you want your spouse to be your soul mate, first and foremost“, according to the State of Our Unions: 2001 study released Wednesday by Rutgers University.David Popenoe, a Rutgers sociologist and one of t

29、he studys authors, said that view might spell doom for marriages.“It really provides a very unrealistic view of what marriage really is,“ Popenoe said. “The standard becomes so high, its not easy to bail out if you didnt find a soul mate.“The survey points to a fundamental dilemma in which younger p

30、eople want more from the institution of marriage while they seemingly are unwilling to make the necessary commitments.The survey also suggests that some respondents expect too much from a spouse, including the kind of emotional support rendered by same-sex friends. The authors of the study also sugg

31、est that the generation that was polled may more quickly leave a margin because of infidelity than past generations.Popenoe said the poll, conducted by the Gallup organization, is the first of its kind to concentrate on people in their 20s. A total of 1,003 married and single young adults nationwide

32、 were interviewed by telephone between January and March. The margin of error was plus or minus four percentage points.Respondents said they eventually want to get married, realize its a lot of work and think there are too many divorces. They believe there is one right person for them out there some

33、where and think their own marriages wont end in divorce.Since the poll is the first of its kind, researchers say it is impossible to say if expectations about marriage are changing or static.But scholars say the search for soul mates has increased over the last generation-and the last century-as mar

34、riage has become an institution centering on romance rather than utility.“one hundred years ago, people married for financial reasons, for tying families together, they married for political reasons,“ said John DeLamater, a sociologist at the University of Wisconsin. “And most people had children.“T

35、hose conditions are no longer the case for young adults like David Asher, a 24-year-old waiter in a Trenton cafe who has been in a relationship for about two years. He wants to wait to make sure hes ready to exchange vows.“I know a lot of it has to do with financial reasons,“ he said. “Maybe if your

36、e going to have children, marriage is the best bet.“But the main reason for matrimony: “If youre in love with someone, its sort of like promising to them you are in love.“Thats all well and good,“ said Heather Helms-Erikson, an assistant professor of human development and family studies at the Unive

37、rsity of North Carolina at Greensboro. “But passion-partly in endorphin- caused physiological phenomenon-has been known to diminish in time.“（分数：5.00）(1).Whats the best title of this passage?（分数：1.00）A.Marriage Scholars Worry Search for “Soul Mates“ is Unrealistic.B.People Should Seek for Romeo and

38、Juliet.C.Marriage Should Happen between Soul Mates.D.Search for “soul Mates“ Should be Superseded by Reality.(2).The new study in this passage shows that_.（分数：1.00）A.many Americans are very practical when they search for a spouseB.American 20-somethings have a largely romantic view of marriageC.Roma

39、ntic view of marriage might lead marriage to a happy endingD.Americans are fond of marriage life so they will not care cohabitation(3).It can be inferred that the author would most likely agree with which of the following statements regarding marriage?（分数：1.00）A.It usually involves idealized mates w

40、ho can serve their every physical and emotional need.B.It may not be realized unless the couple consider carefully about their responsibility and commitment.C.It becomes more unrealistic nowadays than in the past because most people center on romance instead of utility.D.It results from many reasons

41、 such as financial reasons, family reunion, and political reasons.(4).Which of the following is not one of the differences between this generation and the past generations as far as marriage is concerned?（分数：1.00）A.The young people nowadays require more from marriage but they seem not to be willing

42、to make necessary commitments.B.This generation expects too much from their spouses and they cannot keep to be faithful to their husbands or wives.C.The young people at present pay more attention to look for soul mates than the past generations when they search for partners.D.Now some young people u

43、sually marry for the same reasons as the older generations such as financial one and children.(5).Which of the following sentences will Heather Helms-Erikon use to illustrate her own argument?（分数：1.00）A.“Ten years into a marriage, you will still have great passion and you notice someone else and say

44、, only my wife or husband is my soul mate. “B.“The romantic part of marriage-while it can be there-should not be substituted by other things such as shared values and social status.“C.“The couple should focus on the three Cs-communication, conflict resolution and commitment-to make marriage the firs

45、t priority.“D.“Ten years into a marriage, you dont have that any more and you notice someone else and think, Maybe this person is my soul mate. “on the morning of September 11 th, I boarded the train from Washington Heights in Upper Manhattan just as usual and went to the Body Positive office in the

46、 South Street Seaport of Lower Manhattan. While I was leaving the subway at 8:53 am, a man ran down the street screaming, “Someone just bombed the World Trade Center.“ Those around me screamed and shouted “No !“ in disbelief. However, being an amateur photographer, and thinking that I might be able

47、to help out, I ran directly toward the WTC I stopped just short of the WTC at a corner and looked Up. There before me stood the gaping hole and fire that had taken over the first building. I stood there in shock taking pictures, wanting to run even closer to help out, but I could not move: Soon I sa

48、w what looked like little angels floating down from the top of the building. I began to cry when I realized that these “angels“-in fact, desperate office workers-were coming down, some one-by-one, some even holding hands with another. Could I actually be seeing this disaster unfold with hundreds of

49、people around me crying, screaming and running for safety?As I watched in horror, another white airliner came from the south and took aim at the South Tower. As the plane entered the building, there was an explosion and fire and soon debris (碎片) began to fall around me. It was then that I realized that we were being attacked and that this was just not a terrible accident. Yet, I still could not move, until I was pushed down by the crowd on the street, many now in a panic running toward the wate