【考研类试卷】考研英语（完形填空）-试卷126及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 126 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_A study found that the radiation from CT scansthe tests regularly used to【C1】_

2、internal injuries or signs of canceris likely【C2】_for 2 percent of cancer cases in the United States. 【C3】_lots of Americans undergo CT scans, that research is unlikely to【C4】_in doctors“ offices: Two-thirds of patients in a new JAMA study reported 【C5】_nothing of the risks of the diagnostic procedu

3、re. 【C6】_, 17 percent felt like they played an active role in a discussion【C7】_whether this diagnostic test was the best path forward. “Our study indicates that most decisions to undergo outpatient CT are【C8】_by physicians and risk communication is【C9】_,“ a team of researchers led by University of C

4、olorado“s Tanner Caverly writes. “The risk communication that took place had limited【C10】_: respondents who recalled discussing the benefits and risks of imaging did not have better 【C11】_.“ Would a conversation about the【C12】_risks have made a difference? Caverly“s team asked a few other questions

5、that suggest it would: Patients undergoing the scan have little idea about the radiation【C13】_One-quarter self-identified radiation as a risk of a CT scan; 37 percent were able to identify CT scans as having a higher level of radiation【C14】_a chest x-ray. There“s a growing movement in medicine right

6、 now to【C15】_on unnecessary treatment or【C16】_of care. Much of this has been led by a group called Choosing Wisely, which has【C17】_ with dozens of medical societies to come up with lists of 【C18】_that doctors themselves don“t think they ought to be using. One of their key messages is that more care

7、isn“t【C19】_better, all medicine comes with some level of risk. That message does not,【C20】_, seem to be delivered in the doctor“s offices studied here.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.decideB.detectC.defendD.defer(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.illegalB.visibleC.notoriousD.responsible(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.AlthoughB.Whi

8、leC.UnlessD.If(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.come upB.linger onC.turn overD.hold on(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.seeingB.tellingC.hearingD.feeling(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.MeanwhileB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Subsequently(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.toB.withC.inD.over(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.madeB.reachedC.facedD.refused(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.non-convent

9、ionalB.infrequentC.unusualD.abnormal(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.potentialB.impactC.outcomeD.capacity(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.experienceB.instructionC.knowledgeD.skill(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.negligibleB.considerableC.distinguishedD.potential(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.involvedB.deprivedC.possessedD.occupied(14).【C14】（分数：

10、2.00）A.thatB.thanC.whichD.as(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.set backB.cut backC.fall backD.bring back(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.overdoseB.oversupplyC.overuseD.overflow(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.collidedB.compliedC.collaboratedD.coincided(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.proceduresB.processesC.subjectsD.provisions(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.n

11、ecessarilyB.essentiallyC.completelyD.remarkably(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.henceB.indeedC.moreoverD.howeverThe difference between “writer“ and “reporter“ or “journalist“ isn“t that the journalist reportsshe【C1】_sources, calls people, takes them out to lunch, and generally【C2】_as an intermediary between her

12、 audience and the world of experts. The journalist also writes, of course, but anybody can write.【C3】_few can get their calls returned by key congressmen, top academics, important CEOs. That is the powerful advantage that the journalist has【C4】_ her audience: She“s got sources and they don“t【C5】_the

13、 transaction between the journalist and the audience is that the journalist has the time, talent, and【C6】_to clearly communicate the ideas of newsmakers and experts, 【C7】_then is the transaction between the journalist and those newsmakers and experts? 【C8】_the journalist, and her institution, are pr

14、ofiting, hopefully handsomely, off their contribution to the enterprise. It“s not going too【C9】_to say that the whole business would collapse without their【C10】_. Journalists without sources are, well,【C11】_writers. 【C12】_, those sources are giving up something of value. They“re giving up【C13】_ , fo

15、r one thing. Some fine folks have spent countless hours【C14】_me through the details of the federal budget. They“re giving up information that, in other【C15】_, people pay them forconsider a CEO who gives paid lectures or a life-long academic at a private college. They are【C16】_themselves to considera

16、ble professional risk, both by telling the journalist things they“re not supposed to share and simply by making themselves【C17】_to being misinterpreted in public. 【C18】_how does the journalist compensate these sources? Well, the【C19】_answer in a market economy would be that the sources to get paid.

17、But, in a brilliant maneuver, journalism as a profession has deemed it【C20】_ to pay sources for information.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.designsB.fostersC.developsD.cultivates(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.actsB.looksC.playsD.comes(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.SimilarlyB.ConsequentlyC.AndD.But(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.overB.behi

18、ndC.fromD.by(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.AlthoughB.IfC.UnlessD.As(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.appealB.pathC.accessD.charm(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.whoB.howC.whatD.which(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.After allB.Above allC.In contrastD.In addition(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.farB.awayC.moderateD.unusual(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.presentationB.appreciation

19、C.participationD.comprehension(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.mereB.trueC.bareD.simple(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.HoweverB.MoreoverC.IndeedD.Therefore(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.benefitB.timeC.reputationD.energy(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.walkingB.passingC.lookingD.putting(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.territoriesB.rangesC.scopesD.contexts(

20、16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.exploitingB.exposingC.submittingD.referring(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.vulnerableB.variableC.invisibleD.defendable(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.StillB.YetC.IndeedD.So(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.principalB.naturalC.essentialD.specific(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.unfaithfulB.unpracticalC.unethicalD.unqualified考研

21、英语（完形填空）-试卷 126 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：A study found that the radiation from CT scansthe tests regularly used to【C1】_

22、internal injuries or signs of canceris likely【C2】_for 2 percent of cancer cases in the United States. 【C3】_lots of Americans undergo CT scans, that research is unlikely to【C4】_in doctors“ offices: Two-thirds of patients in a new JAMA study reported 【C5】_nothing of the risks of the diagnostic procedu

23、re. 【C6】_, 17 percent felt like they played an active role in a discussion【C7】_whether this diagnostic test was the best path forward. “Our study indicates that most decisions to undergo outpatient CT are【C8】_by physicians and risk communication is【C9】_,“ a team of researchers led by University of C

24、olorado“s Tanner Caverly writes. “The risk communication that took place had limited【C10】_: respondents who recalled discussing the benefits and risks of imaging did not have better 【C11】_.“ Would a conversation about the【C12】_risks have made a difference? Caverly“s team asked a few other questions

25、that suggest it would: Patients undergoing the scan have little idea about the radiation【C13】_One-quarter self-identified radiation as a risk of a CT scan; 37 percent were able to identify CT scans as having a higher level of radiation【C14】_a chest x-ray. There“s a growing movement in medicine right

26、 now to【C15】_on unnecessary treatment or【C16】_of care. Much of this has been led by a group called Choosing Wisely, which has【C17】_ with dozens of medical societies to come up with lists of 【C18】_that doctors themselves don“t think they ought to be using. One of their key messages is that more care

27、isn“t【C19】_better, all medicine comes with some level of risk. That message does not,【C20】_, seem to be delivered in the doctor“s offices studied here.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.decideB.detect C.defendD.defer解析：解析：根据常识，CT 扫描是用来检测内部损伤或癌症迹象的，B 项 detect“查明”符合语义，为本题答案。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.illegalB.visib

28、le C.notoriousD.responsible解析：解析：由下一段的 the risks of the diagnostic procedure(诊断过程存在的风险)，推测此处表示“美国 2%的癌症病例可能与 CT 扫描中的辐射有关”，即 CT 扫描有可能是导致患癌的原因之一。be responsible for 表示“对负有责任，是形成的原因”，符合此处语境故本题选 D 项responsible。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.AlthoughB.While C.UnlessD.If解析：解析：此处填入连词，表明前后句子的逻辑关系。前句讲很多美国人在接受 CT 扫描，后句讲这项

29、研究不太可能在医生的办公室，这两种情况是同时存在的，可以理解为：在“很多美国人都接受 CT扫描”这样的背景或情况下，该项研究不太可能在医生的办公室，B 项 While“当时，在时”符合此处的语义逻辑。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.come up B.linger onC.turn overD.hold on解析：解析：首段提到研究发现美国 296 的癌症病例可能与 CT 扫描中的辐射有关，这里又讲很多美国人在接受 CT 扫描，可见，该研究不可能出现在医生办公室，故选 A 项 come up“出现”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.seeingB.tellingC.hearing

30、D.feeling解析：解析：上一句提到“有大量的美国人接受 CT 扫描”，因此推断此处表示“三分之二的病人不知 CT扫描诊断过程存在的风险”，因此选 C 项 heating“听说，得知，了解到”，代人文中表示“没有听说这项诊断过程存在的风险”。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.Meanwhile B.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Subsequently解析：解析：空格后意为“17的病人认为他们在讨论这项诊断是否是最好的诊断途径中起到积极作用”，这和上句讲的“他们没有听说 CT 扫描诊断过程存在的风险”属并列关系，故用 A 项 Meanwhile“同时”。(7).【C7】（分数

31、：2.00）A.toB.withC.inD.over 解析：解析：空格后“这项诊断是否是最好的诊断途径”是讨论的内容，故选 D 项 over“关于”。要表示“关于的讨论，就而进行的讨论”时，discussion 后面一般接 on，about，over 等介词，引出讨论的内容。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.made B.reachedC.facedD.refused解析：解析：本空考查的是谓语部分，根据空格前的 are 和空格后的 by，可知这里是被动语态，而主语是 most decisions“大多数决定”。make decisions 为固定搭配，表示“做决定”，A 项 made 代

32、入句中，意为“大多数决定由医生做出”，符合句意，为本题答案。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.non-conventionalB.infrequent C.unusualD.abnormal解析：解析：上一段提到，某项研究“发现三分之二的病人表示没有听说该诊断过程存在的风险”，由此可知关于风险的讨论较少，故本空选 B 项 infrequent“不频繁的”。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.potentialB.impact C.outcomeD.capacity解析：解析：上一句说研究队伍指出病人和医生之间很少进行风险讨论，这里承接上文讲“即使有进行风险讨论，其_是有限的”，只有

33、B 项 impact“影响”填人文中旬意通顺，故选 B。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.experienceB.instructionC.knowledge D.skill解析：解析：冒号后的内容是对冒号前说的“风险讨论的影响有限”作进一步说明，由此可推测冒号后的内容大致是说“进行过风险讨论的受访者也未必对 CT 扫描的好处和风险有更好的认知和了解”，因此选C 项 knowledge“知道，了解”。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.negligibleB.considerableC.distinguishedD.potential 解析：解析：上文围绕 CT 扫描的风险展开论

34、述，根据语境，这里应该填入 D 项 potential“潜在的”，表示“潜在风险”。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.involved B.deprivedC.possessedD.occupied解析：解析：句意为“接受扫描的病人对_辐射几乎一无所知”，involve 表示“包含”，A 项involved 为过去分词，填入文中作 radiation 的后置定语，表示“包含的辐射”，意即病人不知道扫描有辐射，符合语境，故本题选 A。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.thatB.than C.whichD.as解析：解析：根据空格前的 higher，可确定此处选 B 项 than

35、。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.set backB.cut back C.fall backD.bring back解析：解析：由后面的宾语 unnecessary treatment“不必要的治疗”可知，此处应填入 B 项 cut back，cut back(on)sth表示“减少，削减”。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.overdoseB.oversupplyC.overuse D.overflow解析：解析：of care 与 unnecessary treatment 并列，因此空格处填入的词应含有与 unnecessary意思相当的词。C 项 overuse“过

36、度使用”代入此空，意为“过度护理”，符合语境。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.collidedB.compliedC.collaborated D.coincided解析：解析：由下文的 to come up with(提出)可推断，二者应该是一起干某件事情，collaborate with 意为“与合作”符合语境，故本题选 C 项 collaborated。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.procedures B.processesC.subjectsD.provisions解析：解析：上文一直在讨论 CT 扫描这种诊断过程(diagnostic procedure)的风

37、险，本段接着说到“提倡减少不必要的治疗(unnecessary treatment)”，言下之意就是，像 CT 那样的 p 眦 edure 如非必要，则可减少，对应到此空所在从句的“医生自己都觉得不该使用的_”，可知空格应填入 A 项procedure“程序”。B 项 process 意为“进程，过程”；C 项 subject 意为“主题”；D 项 provision 意为“规定”。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.necessarily B.essentiallyC.completelyD.remarkably解析：解析：本段属于总结段落，根据前一段提到的有关 unnecessary

38、 treatment 和 care 的信息，可推断此处应选 A 项 necessarily“必定地，必然地”，代入文中意为“他们传达的一个关键信息是过多的护理并不一定就更好”，跟上文语义吻合。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.henceB.indeedC.moreoverD.however 解析：解析：前句讲他们传达的一个重要信息是“过多的护理并不一定就更好”；后句则讲这个信息似乎并没有传达到医生的办公室，可见前后存在转折关系，选 D 项 however“然而”。The difference between “writer“ and “reporter“ or “journalist“

39、 isn“t that the journalist reportsshe【C1】_sources, calls people, takes them out to lunch, and generally【C2】_as an intermediary between her audience and the world of experts. The journalist also writes, of course, but anybody can write.【C3】_few can get their calls returned by key congressmen, top aca

40、demics, important CEOs. That is the powerful advantage that the journalist has【C4】_ her audience: She“s got sources and they don“t【C5】_the transaction between the journalist and the audience is that the journalist has the time, talent, and【C6】_to clearly communicate the ideas of newsmakers and exper

41、ts, 【C7】_then is the transaction between the journalist and those newsmakers and experts? 【C8】_the journalist, and her institution, are profiting, hopefully handsomely, off their contribution to the enterprise. It“s not going too【C9】_to say that the whole business would collapse without their【C10】_.

42、 Journalists without sources are, well,【C11】_writers. 【C12】_, those sources are giving up something of value. They“re giving up【C13】_ , for one thing. Some fine folks have spent countless hours【C14】_me through the details of the federal budget. They“re giving up information that, in other【C15】_, peo

43、ple pay them forconsider a CEO who gives paid lectures or a life-long academic at a private college. They are【C16】_themselves to considerable professional risk, both by telling the journalist things they“re not supposed to share and simply by making themselves【C17】_to being misinterpreted in public.

44、 【C18】_how does the journalist compensate these sources? Well, the【C19】_answer in a market economy would be that the sources to get paid. But, in a brilliant maneuver, journalism as a profession has deemed it【C20】_ to pay sources for information.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.designsB.fostersC.develop

45、s D.cultivates解析：解析：填入的动词与其后的 calls，takes 和 acts 并列。空格后的 sources 指新闻来源，此空填入C 项 develop“发现”，意为“记者发现或挖掘新闻”，符合语境和常识。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.acts B.looksC.playsD.comes解析：解析：记者一方面要挖掘新闻来源，从专家们那里获得信息，然后将之报道给读者，这种职业要求使他们在两者之间起到桥梁和中介的作用，act as 意为“起的作用，充当”，符合文意，故选A 项 acts。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.SimilarlyB.Consequently

46、C.AndD.But 解析：解析：空格前一句讲的是记者与大众都具备的能力，即写作。但空格后则说记者能够得到一些重要人物的回应而大众不能。两者之间有一定的转折关系，用 D 项 But 合适。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.over B.behindC.fromD.by解析：解析：冒号后面的内容表明了记者相对于读者所具备的优势，advantage over sb为固定搭配，意为“在方面比某人有优势”，代入句中表示“这就是新闻工作者相对于读者所拥有的强大优势：她能得到新闻来源而她的读者却不行”，符合上下文语义。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.AlthoughB.If C.UnlessD.

47、As解析：解析：此空所在句较长，看选项可知这里要选一个从句的引导词，抓住后面的 then“那么”，再结合句子内容“记者与读者的交易在于记者有时间、才能及去与新闻人物和专家进行清晰沟通，那么”，可推断这是个假设的前提，B 项 If“如果”比较合适。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.appealB.pathC.access D.charm解析：解析：空格填入的名词与前面的 time 和 talent 并列，C 项 access 意为“进入的途径或权利，接近或面见的机会”，代入空格表示“接近、面见新闻人物或专家的机会和途径”，指“记者有时间、才能及途径去”，符合逻辑，故 C 为本题答案。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.whoB.howC.what D.which解析：解析：此空填入特殊疑问词，前句讲到一种“交易”(the transition between the journalist and the audience)的具体所指，而该句接着提问另一种“交易”(the transaction between the journalist and those newsmakers and experts)，据此推断此处问的应该是