【考研类试卷】南开大学考博英语真题2007年及答案解析.doc

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1、南开大学考博英语真题 2007年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.An important property of a scientific theory is its ability to _ further research and further thinking about a particular topic.（分数：1.00）A.stimulateB.renovateC.arouseD.advocate2.They adv

2、ised their clients to _ with another company.（分数：1.00）A.mergeB.engageC.emergeD.submerge3.Donations are needed to _ our child-care programs.（分数：1.00）A.implementB.validateC.strengthenD.approve4.Life insurance is financial protection for dependents against loss _ the bread-winner“s death.（分数：1.00）A.at

3、the cost ofB.on the verge ofC.as a result ofD.for the sake of5.Poverty is not _ in most cities although, perhaps because of the crowded conditions in certain areas, it is more visible there.（分数：1.00）A.rareB.temporaryC.prevalentD.segmental6.People who live in small towns often seem more friendly than

4、 those living in _ populated areas.（分数：1.00）A.denselyB.intenselyC.abundantlyD.highly7.As a way of _ the mails while they were away, the Johnsons asked the cleaning lady to send little printed slips asking the senders to write again later.（分数：1.00）A.picking upB.coping withC.passing outD.getting acros

5、s8.The consolidation of the crumbling walls and towers has been carried out in _ with a program agreed with by the Department of the Environment.（分数：1.00）A.caseB.accordanceC.placeD.charge9.Crisis would be the right term to describe the _ in many animal species.（分数：1.00）A.minimizationB.restrictionC.d

6、escentD.decline10.Prof. White, my respected tutor, frequently reminds me to _ myself of every chance to improve my English.（分数：1.00）A.assureB.informC.availD.notify11.rd like to take this opportunity to _ my heart-felt gratitude to the host.（分数：1.00）A.increaseB.prolongC.intensifyD.express12.Alone in

7、a deserted house, he was so busy with his research work that he felt _ but lonely.（分数：1.00）A.nothingB.anythingC.allD.everything13.The failure of electricity put all the computers in the region out of _.（分数：1.00）A.workB.tuneC.gearingD.action14.Of all the wild dogs, none is more closely related to the

8、 _ dog than to the wolf.（分数：1.00）A.domesticatedB.barkingC.lazyD.running15.An experiment can be _ by poor planning.（分数：1.00）A.distributedB.qualifiedC.spoiledD.disclosed16.A good teacher must know how to _ his ideas to the students, as generally agreed by educational experts.（分数：1.00）A.displayB.transm

9、itC.conveyD.illuminate17.At Wembly, the home of football, countless thousands of people spend Sunday morning amongst the _ selling everything from shoes to model trains.（分数：1.00）A.stallsB.staturesC.stalksD.statutes18.The Spanish team, who are not in superb form, will be doing their best next week to

10、 _ themselves on the German team for last year“s defeat.（分数：1.00）A.remedyB.reproachC.reviveD.revenge19.As a salesman, he works on a(n) _ basis, taking 10% of everything he sells.（分数：1.00）A.incomeB.commissionC.salaryD.pension20.The normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 7-8 hours“ sleep alte

11、rnating with some 16-17 hours“ wakefulness. Broadly speaking, the sleep hours normally _ with the hours of darkness.（分数：1.00）A.conformB.coincideC.collideD.comply21.The mayor is a woman with great _ therefore deserves our political and financial support.（分数：1.00）A.intentionB.instinctC.integrityD.inte

12、nsity22.If businessmen are taxed too much, they will no longer be motivated to work hard, with the result that incomes from taxation might actually _.（分数：1.00）A.shrinkB.delayC.disperseD.sink23.Making private phone calls on the office phone is severely _ on in our country.（分数：1.00）A.criticizedB.regar

13、dedC.objectedD.frowned24.The microphone makes the voice sound louder because it concentrates sound waves in one direction and keeps them from _ in all directions.（分数：1.00）A.interferingB.dispersingC.spreadingD.distracting25.We should always keep in mind that _ decisions often lead to bitter regrets.（

14、分数：1.00）A.urgentB.hastyC.instantD.prompt26.After four years in the same job his enthusiasms finally _.（分数：1.00）A.dispersedB.deterioratedC.dissipatedD.drained27.As regards to the development of moral standards in the growing child, _ is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day a

15、nd excuse it the next is no foundation for morality.（分数：1.00）A.persistenceB.regularityC.consistencyD.conformity28.The doctor told me the medicine can _ my headache without doing me any harm.（分数：1.00）A.healB.improveC.cureD.treat29.Although Venus is the nearest planet of the Earth, little is known abo

16、ut it because it is _ covered by thick clouds.（分数：1.00）A.closelyB.curiouslyC.regularlyD.constantly30.He soon regained his self-confidence for he found himself _ to others in many respects.（分数：1.00）A.betterB.worseC.superiorD.inferior三、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：8.00)An un

17、identified wit once said, “laugh, and the world laughs with you. Snore, and you sleep alone.“ Yet snoring is far from a laughing matter, as those unfortunates with good hearing, who are rightly subjected to the sounds of the snoring disorder, will testify. It has been estimated that one of eight Ame

18、ricans snores: this means that there are approximately 21 million peoplewomen as well as menwho render an unpleasant sound when they are asleep. And assuming that each snorer disturbs the sleep of at least one other person, it necessarily follows that there are 21 million unhappy listeners. While a

19、sleeping person breathes, either in or out, several structures in his nose and throat generate the snoring. The sounds, coming from the soft palate and other soft structures of the throat, are caused by vibratory responses to inflowing and outflowing air. When the soft tissues of the mouth and throa

20、t come close to the lining of the throat, the vibrations that occur are caused by the position of the tongue. In short, the noise made by snoring can be compared to the noise when breezes flutter a flag on a pole. The frequency of the vibrations depends on the size, density, and elasticity of the af

21、fected tissues and on the force of the air flow. Although it is usually the process of in haling or exhaling through the mouth that cause snoring, short snores come from the nose of an open-mouthed sleeper. In all fairness to snorers, however, it should be emphasized that snoring is an involuntary o

22、ut which stops as the offender is awakened.（分数：8.00）(1).The snoring is caused by _.（分数：2.00）A.the soft palate and other structures of the throatB.the inflowing and outflowing air through the noseC.the inflowing and outflowing air through mouthD.the vibrations as a result of the inflowing and outflow

23、ing air(2).If a person produces short snores, most probably he has _.（分数：2.00）A.a soft palateB.a big noseC.an open mouthD.a small throat(3).Which of the following statements is true?（分数：2.00）A.The snorers can have control over their actB.Both the listeners and the snorers wish to stop the offensive

24、sound of snoringC.The frequency of the vibrations depends on the position of the tongueD.There are more men than women who snore(4).The author“s attitude towards the snorers is _.（分数：2.00）A.objectiveB.subjectiveC.sympatheticD.annoyed五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Complete silence is found only in labor

25、atories called anechoic rooms. The walls and ceilings, made of blocks of special sound-sucking materials, are more than three feet thick, while floor coverings are six-foot layers of feathers or cotton wool. Silence here can be as painful to the ears as the din (continuous loud noise) of a steelwork

26、s or a rocket blast-off, yet scientists get used to this and stay in these silent rooms for hours at a time, using microphones and electronic equipment to test the various materials being developed to make the world a less noisy place. Architects have used scientific discoveries to solve noise probl

27、ems in a number of ways. Walls are hollowed (having empty space inside) and then filled with sound-sucking materials similar to cotton wool. Extra-thick carpets cover the floors, and thick woolen curtains cover the windows. Air conditioning and heating channels are made less noisy by sound-sucking m

28、aterials. Unfortunately, these techniques and others often work too well in some buildings. Noise-proof rooms become almost anechoic and people living in them are disturbed by the lack of sound. One way of handling this problem is to use what they call “sound perfume“ artificial (similarly produced,

29、 made by man) noise is piped to rooms through small loudspeakers.（分数：8.00）(1).Scientists use anechoic room for _.（分数：2.00）A.measuring noise levels of steelworksB.measuring blocks of feathersC.testing sound-absorbing materialsD.testing electronic equipment(2).The writer implies that _.（分数：2.00）A.untr

30、ained people can not stay long in anechoic roomsB.performing experiments in anechoic rooms can be a frightening experienceC.architects make practical use of the information gathered by scientistsD.scientists do not care for noise problem(3).People suffer in anechoic rooms probably because _.（分数：2.00

31、）A.they are allowed to move and speakB.they are used to hearing noise around themC.the greater air pressure hurts their earsD.all of the above(4).The article suggests that _.（分数：2.00）A.loudspeakers are as important as sound-proofing materialsB.anechoic rooms will be included in all new buildingsC.sc

32、ientific devices are sometimes too successfulD.all of the above六、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：8.00)In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ve

33、ntilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and “human-relations“ experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue-collar and the white-collar worke

34、rs have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management. The worker and employee are anxious, not only because they might find themselves out of a job; they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction or interest in life.

35、They live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings. Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are

36、even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the tight mixture of submissiveness and

37、independence. From that moment on they are tested again and again by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc. This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than one“s fellow-compet

38、itor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness. Am I suggesting that we should return to the preindustrial mode of production or to nineteenth- century “free enterprise“ capitalism? Certainly not. Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has a

39、lready outgrown. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialitiesthose of love and of reasonare the aims of a

40、ll social arrangements. Production and consumption should serve only as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man.（分数：8.00）(1).By “a well-oiled cog in the machinery“ the author intends to render the idea that man is _.（分数：2.00）A.a necessary part of the society though each individual

41、“s function is negligibleB.working in complete harmony with the rest of the societyC.an unimportant part in comparison with the rest of the society, though functioning smoothlyD.a humble component of the society, especially when working smoothly(2).From the passage we can infer that real happiness o

42、f life belongs to those _.（分数：2.00）A.who are at the bottom of the societyB.who prove better than their fellow-competitorsC.who could keep far away from this competitive worldD.who are higher up in their social status(3).To solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should _.（分数：2.

43、00）A.resort to the production mode of our ancestorsB.offer higher wages to the workers and employeesC.enable man to fully develop his potentialitiesD.take the fundamental realities for granted(4).The author“s attitude towards industrialism might best he summarized as one of _.（分数：2.00）A.approvalB.di

44、ssatisfactionC.suspicionD.tolerance七、Passage Four(总题数：1，分数：8.00)In the last 12 years total employment in the United States grew faster than at any time in the peacetime history of any countryfrom 82 to 110 million between 1973 and 1985that is, by a full one third. The entire growth, however, was in

45、manufacturing, and especially in non-blue-collar jobs. This trend is the same in all developed countries, and is, indeed, even more pronounced in Japan. It is therefore highly probable that in 25 years developed countries such as the United States and Japan will employ no larger a proportion of the

46、labor force in manufacturing than developed countries now employ in farmingat most, 10 percent. Today the United States employs around 18 million people in blue-collar jobs in manufacturing industries. By 2010, the number is likely to be no more than 12 million. In some major industries the drop wil

47、l be even sharper. It is quite unrealistic, for instance, to expect that the American automobile industry will employ more than one-third of its present blue-collar force 25 years hence, even though production might be 50 percent higher. If a company, an industry or a country does not in the next qu

48、arter century sharply increase manufacturing production and at the same time sharply reduce the blue-collar work force, it cannot hope to remain competitiveor even to remain “developed“. The attempt to preserve such blue-collar jobs is actually a prescription for unemployment. This is not a conclusi

49、on that American politicians, labor leaders or indeed the general public can easily understand or accept. What confuses the issue even more is that the United States is experiencing several separate and different shifts in the manufacturing economy. One is the acceleration of the substitution of knowledge and capital for manual labor. Where we spoke of mechanization a few decad