【考研类试卷】考博英语-611及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-611 及答案解析(总分：92.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：27.00)1.This problem should be discussed first, for it takes _ over all the other issues.A. precedence B. prosperity C. presumption D. probability（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Attending to a wife and six children _ most of his times.A. gives up B.

2、eats up C. takes up D. breaks up（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Two trucks were reported to have_head-on yesterday.A. bumped B. crashed C. collided D. struck（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.In this monumental work the entire storehouse of the worlds art is surveyed.A. impressive B. expressive C. progressive D. possessive（分数：1

3、.00）A.B.C.D.5.The team should play very hard because the championship of the state was_.A. at cost B. at fault C. at stake D. at large（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.6.Perhaps my dishes will not be as delicious as those which you are accustomed to eating, but I beg you to grant my _ and have dinner with me.A. rese

4、ntment B. requirement C. request D. reservation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.The Second Hague Disarmament Conference of 1907 was marked more by discord than discourse, a sign of the deteriorating world situation.A. facilitating B. upgrading C. justifying D. worsening（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.I arrive at nine oclock,

5、teach until twelve thirty and then have a meal; that is my morning _.A) habit B) custom C) practice D) routine（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Offshore exploration below the shallow waters of the Persian Gulf has revealed the _ of large resources of oil and gas.A attendance B presence C inhabitant D presentation（

6、分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.10.As I recall my plane trip around the world last July and August, I think my difficulty was the adjustment to the different _ served with the food in the various cities we visited.A. seasonings B. qualities C. grades D. ingedients（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.11.The solution was simple: gas the

7、 building with a hallucinogen and put the terrorists to sleep before they could _ the bombs in the building. And it worked.A. detonate B. dismantle C. demolish D. desert（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The novel, which is a work of art, exists not by its _ life, but by its immeasurable difference from life.A. si

8、gnificance in B. imagination atC. resemblance to D. predominance over（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Consumers deprived of the information and advice they needed were quite simply _ every cheat in the marketplace.A. at the mercy of B. in lieu ofC. by courtesy of D. for the price of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The primor

9、dial fireball would have been a dense roiling stew of radiation and elementary particles condensing out of the _ energy, annihilating each other, recondensing, then colliding and disappearing all over again.A. colossal B. audacious C. ambient D. autonomous（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The world-famous British

10、 Museum which houses a _ collection of valuable books, paintings, works of arts, etc. attracts millions of visitors every year.A. immersible B. miscellaneous C. overwhelming D.unified（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.Such questions should be approached honestly and in full awareness that _ loan agreements will co

11、st money due to cancellation or other charges.A. compressing B. terminatingC. conforming D. contending（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.We made plans for a visit, but_difficulties with car prevented it.A. subordinate B. succeed C. successive D. subsequent（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.There have been several attempts to int

12、roduce gayer colors and styles in mens clothing, but none of them _.A. has caught on B. has caught him out C. has caught up D. take it known（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.When he formed his own company in 1949, Minoru Yamasaki had had years of experience with New Yorks top architectural firms.A. tallest B. chi

13、ef C. except D. like（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.All the commodities sold in that shop are given one years _ .A. assurance B. warrant C. guarantee D. insurance（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.American literary historians are perhaps _ to viewing their own national scene too narrowly, mistaking prominence for uniqueness.A

14、. prone B. legible C. incompatible D. prior（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22._, the factories had not closed, and those who needed work most were given a chance to survive during the econmic disaster.A. Unintentionally B. Mercifully C. Importunately D. Tragically（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.23.They demand to set up an organi

15、zation flexible enough to cope with any emergency.A. portable B. valiant C. trivial D. mobile（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.According to the law of that country, the Parliament will have to be _ before the General Election.A. decomposed B. dispersed C. dissolved D. disintegrated（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.That sound d

16、oesnt _ in his language, so its difficult for him to pronounce it.A. happen B. occur C. have D. take place（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.26.This road is _ to flood in summer, so it is necessary for us to build a reservoir during the drought.A. liable B. conducive C. susceptible D. prescriptive（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.27.

17、He was trained as a doctor but _ to diplomacy.A. converted B. reverted C. diverted D. averted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.The mountainous areas of the country are _ populated.A. infrequently B. sparsely C. slightly D. loosely（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.I want to talk about all these points in _ order of importance.A

18、. declining B. descending C. plunging D. falling（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.The timber rattlesnake is now on the endangered species list, and is extinct in two eastern states in which it once_.A. thrived B. swelled C. prospered D. flourished（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Passage One(总

19、题数：1，分数：6.00)Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal. But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a lette

20、r in the lower half of the alphabet.It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoe Zysman. English names are fairly evenly sprea

21、d between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bushs predecessors (including his father) had sur

22、names in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chretien and Koizumi). The worlds three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisen

23、berg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. As are the worlds five richest men (Gates, Buffet, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht).Can this merely be coincidence? One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically di

24、sadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back vow, and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by

25、those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.The humiliation continues. At university graduation

26、 ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, lists of conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose intere

27、st as they plough through them.（分数：6.00）(1).What does the author intend to illustrate with AAA A cars and Zodiac cars?A. A kind of overlooked inequality. B. A type of conspicuous bias.C. A type of personal prejudice. D. A kind of brand discrimination.（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(2).What can we infer from the f

28、irst three paragraphs?A. In both East and West, names are essential to success.B. The alphabet is to blame for the failure of ZoeZysman.C. Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies names.D. Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize.（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(3).The 4th paragraph sugges

29、ts that _.A. questions are often put to the more intelligent studentsB. alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from classC. teachers should pay attention to all of their studentsD. students should be seated according to their eyesight（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(4).What does the author mean by “mos

30、t people are literally having a ZZZ“ (Line 2, Paragraph 5)?A. They are getting impatient. B. They are noisily dozing off.C. They are feeling humiliated. D. They are busy with word puzzles.（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following is true according to the text?A. People with surnames beginning with

31、 N to Z are often ill-treated.B. VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.C. The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go.D. Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.四、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：6.00)Why would any woman in her fi

32、ght mind choose to walk on the balls of her feet with her heels propped up by spikes? The historical answer is that high heels reflect aristocratic tastes-specifically, the tastes of the seventeenth-century French court, which first popularized them in Europe. Not only did heels keep the wearers fee

33、t relatively mud free, they also created a physical elevation to match the social elevation of the stylish, exaggerated the strutting gait of the noble classes, and they suggested, by their very precariousness, that their owners could afford not to worry about falling on their faces. Indeed, as Bern

34、ard Rudofsky points out, seventeenth-century wearers of high heels, men and women, frequently had to be transported in sedan chairs because they could not manage cobblestones on foot. Some “heels“ in that era were actually full-soled platforms, and to walk on these things at all, one needed the cons

35、tant elbow support of two Servants.The helplessness associated with the raised-heel style encouraged the notion that heeled persons were above having to care for themselves. In view of this, it is not surprising that even today it is women, almost exclusively, who wear heels. High heels are the cobb

36、lers contribution to what I have called the pedestal ploy. They link physical incapacity with the notion of woman as a “higher being“-too high to get along on her own.Women have taken to high heels, of course, because they feel, correctly, that they increase their attractiveness to men. Part of that

37、 increased attractiveness has to do with male fantasies of female fragility. As fashion-iconoclast Elizabeth Hawes puts it, “The idea is that he, in his heavy shoes, should feel stronger and more capable than she on her fragile stilts. Never mind the realities.“ Another part of it may be biological.

38、 In his discussion of rump display among mammals, Dale Guthrie notes that the “lines of the buttocks, thigh, calf and ankle have a native sexual stimulation, but this can be increased with high-heeled shoes; the curves are exaggerated when the heel is lifted.“ Heels also exaggerate the lateral motio

39、n of buttocks the. ultimate function of high heels, therefore, may be to fuel the male belief that women are both impotent and seductive.（分数：6.00）(1).The most important reason for womens preference to high heels is that _.A. biological weak-points can be reducedB. attractiveness to men is increasedC

40、. social elevation can be shownD. aristocratic tastes are reflected（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(2).The mens attitudes towards womens wearing high heels are that _.A. they are considered weaker than menB. they are regarded as biologically incapableC. they are just in biological needD. they are thought to be cha

41、rming and feeble（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(3).The passage is mainly about _.A. high heels B. functions of high heelsC. history of high heels D. women on high heels（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(4).From historical point of view, high heels _.A. were the exclusive passion of womenB. were worn by both men and womenC. symbol

42、ized the tastes of aristocracyD. were the characteristics of noble classes（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(5).Women on high heels suggest that _.A. they are always helpless as high heelsB. they are dependable as well as fragileC. they always have some superiorityD. high heels are still fashionable（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.

43、五、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Our culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gestures we use are understood by everyone. We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to summon a person from the Philippines to ones side, or that in Italy and

44、 some Latin-American countries, curling the finger to oneself is a sign of farewell.Those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after World war and marked them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that “Gift“ means poison in German. Moreover, we like t

45、o think of ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arms length away from others. Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes Americans uncomfortable.Our linguistic and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the develope

46、d tastes, gestures, customs and languages of other countries, are losing us friends, business and respect in the world.Even here in the United States, we make few concessions to the needs of foreign visitors. There are no information signs in four languages on our public buildings or monuments; we d

47、o not have multilingual guided tours. Very few restaurant menus have translations, and multilingual waiters, bank clerks and policemen are rare. Our transportation systems have maps in English only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them.When we go abroad, we tend to cluster in hot

48、els and restaurants where English is spoken. The attitudes and information we pick up are conditioned by those nativesusually the richerwho speak English. Our business dealings, as well as the nations diplomacy, are conducted through interpreters.For many years, America and Americans could get by wi

49、th cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance. After all, America was the most powerful country of the free world, the distributor of needed funds and goods.But all that is past. American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing. A 1979 Harris poll reported that 55 percent of Americans want this country to play a more