【考研类试卷】考博英语-554及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-554 及答案解析(总分：92.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1.Wimpy is_ proud of its high reputation for food quality and service and this leaflet is tv reassure our customers that they can enjoy Wimpy fare with complete confidence.A. justifiably B, intermittently C. imperceptibly D, sluggi

2、shly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2._ mother-to-be Cherie Blair stunned the party by wearing a sensational violet silk trouser suit which she had specially made for the big night.（分数：1.00）A.RadialB.RadiantC.RadicalD.Racial3.Get _ of the Yellow Pages, look up D for Dentists and pick one, any one, within half a mi

3、le of here.（分数：1.00）A.ridB.moreC.holdD.go4.A large middle-aged lady _ me on the back and said “Nice to see you again.“（分数：1.00）A.clappedB.graspedC.flappedD.slapped5.Typically, these children of Democrats switched _ and joined the Republican Party during the 1980s.（分数：1.00）A.authenticityB.arroganceC.

4、allianceD.allegiance6.That Lydia was able to _ the situation seemed to allow everyone to breathe a deep sigh of relief.（分数：1.00）A.shed light onB.make light ofC.scare lights out ofD.set light to7.Nobody knows why there are so few women at the _ of movies.（分数：1.00）A.helmB.seatC.controlD.reign8.Tim has

5、 given up his own writing and radio interests to pick you up off the ground and _ you to the stature which he truly thought you deserved.（分数：1.00）A.sustainB.reinforceC.elevateD.increase9.Having managed to survive the funeral and the solicitous attention of family and friends, we long to be left alon

6、e so we can stop being brave and give in to the _.（分数：1.00）A.concernB.cowardiceC.demandD.grief10.If the cheek does not cover the full amount of your medical expense, mail the Medicare Explanation of Benefits (MEOB) to your carrier in order to receive _ for the balance of your expense.（分数：1.00）A.inst

7、allmentB.reimbursementC.alignmentD.ornament11.He has realized-the mistake he had made and wanted to _ himself.（分数：1.00）A.denyB.redeemC.exemptD.conceal12.It is becoming increasingly clear that stress can wreak _ not only with the immune system, cardiovascular system but hormones too.（分数：1.00）A.havocB

8、.miseryC.lementD.wreck13.The subject matter was so technical as to be beyond the _ of the average layman.A. sphere B, realm C. ken D. kingdom（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The result on Saturday is likely to _ whether independents and Democrats turn out in numbers for Mr. McCain.（分数：1.00）A.tell apartB.decide o

9、nC.hiuge onD.map out15.The sound of the doorbell startled her and she _ knocked the ashtray on to the floor.（分数：1.00）A.detrimentallyB.spontaneouslyC.inadvertentlyD.strenuously16.Unable to defeat him by logical discussion, she _ her old habit of criticizing his speech.（分数：1.00）A.fell back onB.looked

10、down uponC.lived up toD.hanged on to17.A lantern burned inside, making it _ like the belly of a lightning bug.（分数：1.00）A.sparkleB.gleamC.flickerD.glow18.They hit only the smaller people like me, while the politicians will of course _it with money.（分数：1.00）A.do away withB.take away withC.make away wi

11、thD.get away with19.So if you notice a slight worsening of symptoms after taking a remedy, this is a sign that the medicine is working and you should simply stop dosing until this _ dies down.（分数：1.00）A.affiliationB.allegationC.aggravationD.assimilation20.His administrations economic policy would fo

12、cus un _ inflation and reducing the budget deficit.（分数：1.00）A.winking atB.polishing offC.shaking downD.reining in二、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：7.50)At the Kyoto conference on global warming in December 1997, it became abundantly clear how complex it has become to work out international agreements relating t

13、o the environment because of economic concerns unique to each country. It is no longer (21) to try to forbid certain activities or to reduce (22) of certain substances. The global challenges of the inter-link between the environment and development increasingly (23) us to the core of the economic li

14、fe of states. During the late 1980s we were able, through international agreements, to make deep (24) in emissions (25) the ozone layer. These reductions were made possible (26) the harmful substances could be replaced (27) negative effects on employment and the economies of states.Although the thre

15、at of global warming has been known to world for decades, we know that the effects of measures, (28) harsh measures taken in some countries, would be nullified if (29) countries do not control their emissions. Important and populous low- or medium-income countries are not (30) willing to undertake l

16、egal commitments about their energy uses. We must, (31) find a solution to the threat of global warming early in the 21st century. Such a (32) would require a degree of shared vision and common responsibilities new to humanity. Success lies in the force of imaginations, in imagining what (33) if we

17、failed to act. Although many living in cold regions would welcome the global-warming effect of a warmer summer, (34) would cheer arrival of the (35) tropical diseases, especially where there has been none.（分数：7.50）A.possibleB.enoughC.rightD.a secretA.emissionsB.heatC.budgetD.valueA.bringB.helpC.tryD

18、.takeA.increasesB.cutsC.concernsD.recessionsA.useful forB.beneficial toC.harmful toD.special inA.so thatB.even ifC.becauseD.provided thatA.forB.withC.asD.withoutA.in particularB.possiblyC.especiallyD.peculiarlyA.anotherB.the otherC.noD.otherA.stillB.evenC.yetD.butA.consequentlyB.howeverC.alternative

19、lyD.moreoverA.commitmentB.commonalityC.commandD.communityA.will happenB.would happenC.may happenD.happenedA.lessB.moreC.someD.fewA.successiveB.eventualC.subsequentD.overwhelming三、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：2.00)The planets oldest and largest lake,

20、 Baikal is about the size of Belgium and accounts for a fifth of the worlds fresh water reserves. It is a precious resource, an area of surpassing beauty and to some extent, the very symbol of our nation. For several years, newspapers had been publishing Manning reports on threats to Baikal from ind

21、ustrial construction along its shores, the felling and rafting of timber and pulp mills discharge of chemical wastes.Documents revealed that Orlov, the prime minister in charge of the paper industry, had ordered construction of a large cellulose complex on the lakes shores to produce a particularly

22、durable rayon cord for airplane tires with the assumption that the pure water would facilitate the chemical process resulting in stronger fibers, and the story goes that Orlov had chosen the site by simply pointing to a place on the shoreline while cruising in a motorboat with some old friends. Tile

23、 site, however, turned out to be a seismically active region, and the buildings, while supported by steel piles, are still vulnerable to the major earthquakes that have occurred there once or twice a century.The pure water helped the process, whose final product proved out-of-date, aviation industry

24、 switching to metallic cord. The variety of fish, unfortunately, fell victim to the toxic waste, the fragile ecological balance of the region threatened. Those concerned proposed that the lakeshores be closed to new industry and existing enterprises be moved but they encountered tough resistance fro

25、m officials defending their decision and saving face by insisting on the complexs importance. Of course, what you see on pictures is still a beauty but the lake is no longer a home to more than 1,000 species of plants and animals unknown anywhere else.（分数：2.00）(1).The statement that best relates the

26、 main idea of this passage is _.（分数：0.50）A.too many people are attracted to the lake that it has now been deprived of its natural beautyB.an important natural resource is destroyed by human ignoranceC.industry is less important than ecological balanceD.one should be extremely careful when choosing a

27、 construction site(2).According to the passage, the plants product _.（分数：0.50）A.became the most popular of its kind because of the pure water of the lakeB.did not succeed because the water was used in a wrong wayC.did not keep up with the development of the tire industry and was finally stoppedD.cou

28、ld not find its proper place in the market because people now turned to a newer type(3).We can infer from the passage that_.（分数：0.50）A.existing enterprises would be moved and no new industry would be built thereB.the place chosen added to the cost of the building because of unexpected extra workC.da

29、mage was done though the lake is still a beautiful placeD.officials have decided to adopt the proposal of those people concerned(4).In the authors opinion,_.（分数：0.50）A.the project did more harm than good to both the environment and the industryB.some people profited at the price of the loss of the n

30、atural balanceC.the complex was so important that all efforts must be made to keep it goingD.all industrial investments must be given the most careful examination六、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：3.50)However important we may regard school life to be, there is no gain saying the fact that children spend more tim

31、e at home than in the classroom. Therefore, the great influence of parents cannot be ignored or discounted by the teacher. They can become strong allies of tile school personnel or they can consciously or unconsciously hinder and thwart curricular objectives.Administrators have been aware of the nee

32、d to keep parents apprised of the newer methods used in schools. Many principals have conducted workshops explaining such matters as the reading readiness program, manuscript writing and developmental mathematics.Moreover, the classroom teacher, with the permission of the supervisors, can also play

33、an important role in enlightening parents. The informal tea and the many interviews carried on during the year, as well as new ways of reporting pupils progress, can significantly aid in achieving a harmonious interplay between school and home.To illustrate, suppose that a father has been drilling J

34、unior in arithmetic processes night after night. In a friendly interview, the teacher can help the parent sublimate his natural paternal interest into productive channels. He might be persuaded to let Junior participate in discussing the family budget, buying the food, using a yardstick or measuring

35、 cup at home, setting the clock, calculating mileage on a trip and engaging in scores of other activities that have a mathematical basis.If the father follows the advice, it is reasonable to assume that he will soon realize his son is making satisfactory progress in mathematics, and at the same time

36、, enjoying the work.Too often, however, teachers conferences with parents are devoted to petty accounts of childrens misdemeanors, complaints about laziness and poor work habits, and suggestion for penalties and rewards at home.What is needed is a more creative approach in which the teacher, as a pr

37、ofessional adviser, plants ideas in parents minds for the best utilization of the many hours that the child spends out of the classroom.（分数：3.50）(1).The central idea conveyed in the above passage is that_.（分数：0.50）A.home training is more important than school training because a child spends so many

38、hours with his parentsB.teachers can and should help parents to understand and further the objectives of the schoolC.parents unwittingly have hindered and thwarted curricular objectivesD.parents have a responsibility to help students in doing homework(2).The author directly discusses the fact that _

39、.（分数：0.50）A.parents drill their children too much in arithmeticB.a parents misguided efforts can be properly directedC.principals have explained the new art programs to parentsD.a father can have his son help him construct articles at home(3).It can reasonably be inferred that the author _.（分数：0.50）

40、A.is satisfied with present relationships between home and schoolB.feels that the traditional program in mathematics is slightly superior to the developmental programC.feels that parent-teacher interviews can be made much more constructive than they are at presentD.believes that schools are woefully

41、 lacking in guidance personnel(4).A method of communication not mentioned by the author is the_.（分数：0.50）A.classes for parentsB.new type of report cardC.informal teaD.demonstration lesson(5).The author implies that _.（分数：0.50）A.participation in interesting activities relating to a subject improves o

42、nes achievement in that areaB.too many children are lazy and have poor work habitsC.school principals do more than their share in interpreting the curriculum to the parentsD.teachers should occasionally make home visits to parents(6).The authors attitude toward supervisors is one of _.（分数：0.50）A.dis

43、dainB.indifferenceC.suspicionD.approval(7).We may infer that the writer of the article does NOT favor_.（分数：0.50）A.a fathers helping his son with the latters studiesB.suggestions by the teacher to a parent in regard to improving the students scholastic averageC.having the parent observe lessons which

44、 the children are being taughtD.principal-parent conferences rather than teacher-parent conferences七、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：3.00)Every profession or trade, every art, and every science has its technical vocabulary, the function of which is partly to designate things or processes which have no names in o

45、rdinary English, and partly to secure greater exactness in nomenclature. Such special dialects, or jargons, are necessary in technical discussion of any kind. Thousands of these technical terms are very properly included in every large dictionary, yet, as a whole, they are rather on the outskirts of

46、 the English language than actually within its borders.Different occupations, however, differ widely in the character of their special vocabularies. In trades and handicrafts, and other vocations, like farming and fishery, that have occupied great numbers of men from remote times, the technical voca

47、bulary, is very old. Hence, though highly technical in many particulars, these vocabularies are mole familiar in sound, and more generally understood, than most other technicalities. The special dialects of law, medicine, divinity, and philosophy have also, in their older strata, become pretty famil

48、iar to cultivated persons, and havecontributed much to the popular vocabulary. Yet every vocation still possesses a large body of technical terms that remain essentially foreign, even to educated speech. And the proportion has been much increased in the last fifty years, particularly in the various

49、departments of natural and political science and in the mechanic arts. Here new terms are coined with the greatest freedom and abandoned with indifference when they have served their turn. Most of the new coinages are confined to special discussions, and seldom get into general literature or conversation. Yet no profession is nowadays, as all professions once were, a close guild. The lawyer, the physician, the man of