【考研类试卷】考博英语-272及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-272 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.Recent studies have identified four major global environmental risks: acid rain, ozone depletion, deforestation and the greenhouse effect.（分数：1.00）A.recognizedB.provedC.got rid ofD.multiplied2.In ancient Egyptian paintings, roya

2、l figures were differentiated by making them several times larger than others.（分数：1.00）A.distinguishedB.estrangedC.deferredD.enlarged3.The plainer is a bowerbird s plumage, the more brightly it decorates its nest to attract a mate.（分数：1.00）A.more spectacularB.dullerC.flatterD.more melancholy4.Genera

3、l acceptance of 3-D films may prove hard to come by, as the experience of three decades ago indicated.（分数：1.00）A.obtainB.explainC.understandD.discern5.She was so obstinate that she wouldn t adjust her opinions.（分数：1.00）A.inflexibleB.alertC.wiseD.talented6.Recent research into aging suggests that the

4、 body s defense mechanisms may lose the abili ty to distinguish what is alien.（分数：1.00）A.insaneB.infectiousC.foreignD.poisonous7.When we were in the mountains, we often found ourselves entirely enveloped by the fog.（分数：1.00）A.confinedB.surroundedC.darkenedD.blocked8.No other newspaper columnist has

5、managed as yet to rival Ann Landers popularity in terms of readership.（分数：1.00）A.thoughB.in spite of thisC.evenD.so far9.Many politicians find that they can no longer afford the luxury of a personal chauffeur.（分数：1.00）A.valetB.driverC.secretaryD.servant10.A number of animals in Aesop s fables are po

6、rtrayed as being crafty.（分数：1.00）A.vainB.virtuousC.artisticD.cunning11.In 1984, President Ronald Reagan proposed that the United States construct a launch laboratory for a new era of space exploration.（分数：1.00）A.probingB.revengeC.invasionD.expansion12.The two psychologists had to modify the American

7、 Sign Language somewhat in order to accommodate the chimpanzees spontaneous gestures.（分数：1.00）A.changeB.abortC.shortenD.enhance13.Perhaps more than anything else, it was onerous taxes that led to the Peasants Revolt in England in 1381.（分数：1.00）A.multipleB.unjustC.burdensomeD.infamous14.In the flint

8、decades of the twentieth century, the individual gem could not be seen, but could be worked with fruitfully.（分数：1.00）A.blindlyB.completelyC.productivelyD.carefully15.Giving the child problems he cannot solve will only frustrate him.（分数：1.00）A.baffleB.worryC.alarmD.cultivate16.The mother is told that

9、 her child is desperately ill-the chance of survival are slim, and the treatment is as dreadful as the disease.（分数：1.00）A.incurableB.fearfulC.impossibleD.troublesome17.Both a person s heredity and his environment help to shape his character.（分数：1.00）A.relativeB.educationC.nationalityD.surroundings18

10、.Jane and Tom have been able to reconcile their difference and are a happy family again.（分数：1.00）A.settleB.arrangeC.balanceD.pacify19.The primary objective of Basic Econometrics is to provide an elementary but a comprehensive introduction to the art and science of econometrics.（分数：1.00）A.briefB.prec

11、iseC.simplifiedD.extensive20.Chimpanzees are frequently used as stand-ins for human beings in experiment.（分数：1.00）A.partnersB.role-modelsC.stand-bysD.substitute21.Cowries shells were once in widespread use as a token of value.（分数：1.00）A.a symbolB.an amountC.a thingD.an investment22.One of the most i

12、nteresting inhabitants of our world is the bee, an insect which is indigenous to all parts of the globe except the polar regions.（分数：1.00）A.residentsB.petsC.intimatesD.creatures23.Sometimes a dictionary designates a noun as attributive, which means that it can be used to describe another noun or nam

13、e its attributes.（分数：1.00）A.conveysB.definesC.indicatesD.explains24.Psychologists have errantly mounted an offensive against what they describe as nastiness to ward students by educators.（分数：1.00）A.arbitrarinessB.unpleasantnessC.severityD.aloofness25.The environmental balance among ecological commun

14、ities is exceedingly complex.（分数：1.00）A.almostB.successfullyC.extremelyD.rarely26.Attitudes on the two sides in the Revolutionary War precluded the possibility of a peaceful solution.（分数：1.00）A.presagedB.prejudicedC.anticipatedD.prevented27.Adverse reviews in the New York press may greatly change th

15、e prospects of a new Broad- way production.（分数：1.00）A.additionalB.encouragingC.unfavorableD.subversive28.The United States Food and Drag Administration has shown itself to be particularly wary with regard to alleged “miracle“ drugs in recent times.（分数：1.00）A.bellicoseB.exhaustedC.cautiousD.strange29

16、.One word describes what makes Singapore work: discipline.（分数：1.00）A.punishmentB.regulationC.unemploymentD.salary30.Differences in positions adopted by oxygen and hydrogen atoms account for variations in the crystalline structure of different forms of ice.（分数：1.00）A.are caused byB.explainC.derive fr

17、omD.constitute二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Passage One(总题数：5，分数：5.00)31.By saying “Manufacturing industries and most agricultural enterprises are more distant from the censurers“ ( par（分数：1.00）A.2 ), the. author means _.A. their products are never sold directly into consumers handsB. they us

18、ually build their factories far away from marketsC. they usually need agents to sell and deliver their goods into consumers handsD. they have used trucks to carry their products to consumers hands32.A wholesaler(Paragraph 2, Line 2) is _.（分数：1.00）A.a person who sells a great variety of foodsB.an age

19、nt who deals with industrial productsC.a person that manages big stores and factoriesD.an agent that buys and sells goods in great quantities33.Paper sold to a publishing industry _.（分数：1.00）A.will influence the price of paper industryB.is a product delivered to the final userC.is a consumer product

20、D.is an industrial product34.Medical equipment sold to doctors is an instance of _.（分数：1.00）A.consumer productB.industrial productC.raw materialD.direct exchanged product35.It can be inferred that _.（分数：1.00）A.most of the products exchanged at traditional markets are consumer goodsB.most of the prod

21、ucts bought and sold at traditional markets are industrial goodsC.most farmers lived far away form marketplaces and never sold their products directlyD.most service industries have not yet developed mature markets for their products四、Passage Two(总题数：5，分数：5.00)36.Direct-mail advertising _.（分数：1.00）A.

22、uses letters as a chief means of providing informationB.sends old customers detailed information about new productsC.uses letters to tell prospective buyers about the local sellersD.sends over the prospective buyers sample products by parcels37.From the last paragraph we learn _.（分数：1.00）A.direct ad

23、vertising is the best way to promote a productB.companies are trying to find the best way to sell their productsC.advertising is becoming enriched by the research in this areaD.old ways of advertising is giving ways to new ways of doing it38.Direct advertising _.（分数：1.00）A.includes all forms of sale

24、s appeals to the prospective buyerB.is produced mainly for newspaper or televisionC.is an activity by which real products are shown to buyersD.uses post as a chief means to contact prospective buyers39.The chief function of unmailed advertising is _.（分数：1.00）A.to send sample products from door to do

25、orB.to familiarize the customers with the productsC.to deliver the products directly to the retail storesD.to send information about the products in quick ways40.The word “prospective“ in the first sentence of the passage means _.（分数：1.00）A.would beB.prosperousC.richD.old五、Passage Three(总题数：5，分数：5.0

26、0)41.The majority of the US state governments _.（分数：1.00）A.use different sets of rules for various taxable incomeB.apply the same policy to all sources of incomeC.allow for a reduction for self-employment earningsD.treat business and investment income in the same way42.In 1985, _.（分数：1.00）A.inflatio

27、n was taken into account in the federal government s income tax policyB.inflation rate was brought under control and income tax rate was reducedC.a number of states made their own laws against tile rising inflationD.the federal government adopted several inflation combating policies43.Which of the f

28、ollowing income may enjoy a reduced tax or exclusion?（分数：1.00）A.Off-the-record incomeB.Self-employment earningsC.Business earningsD.Income from charitable activities44.In the 1970s, _.（分数：1.00）A.many people called for the cancellation of income taxB.many people questioned the fairness of income taxC

29、.many people stopped to pay tax because of povertyD.inflation rose beyond the governments control45.Most people accept income as a fair tax since _.（分数：1.00）A.every individual enjoys public welfareB.every citizen of a country has the duty to pay taxesC.it is within their capability to pay itD.it is

30、closely related to the individuals benefits六、Passage Four(总题数：5，分数：5.00)46.What does the word “deprivation“ mean ( Paragraph 3, Line 1)?（分数：1.00）A.DeficiencyB.ScarcityC.RemovalD.Denial47.We can infer that the author of this passage _.（分数：1.00）A.disapproves of Roosevehs “New Deal“B.thinks the Depress

31、ion could have been avoidedC.blames the Depression on the “Great Crash“D.feels there was some similarity between Roosevelt and Hider48.The “Great Crash“ in the passage refers to _.（分数：1.00）A.the end of World War B.the Great DepressionC.high employment figuresD.a slump in the stock market49.The best

32、title for the passage is _.（分数：1.00）A.The TwentiesB.The Great CrashC.The DepressionD.The End of World War 50.Which of the following was NOT true at the time Roosevelt was elected?（分数：1.00）A.Stock prices were recovering slowly.B.The nation were recovering slowly.C.There were 12 million unemployed wor

33、kers.D.The nation needed help from the federal government.七、Passage Five(总题数：5，分数：5.00)51.What does the word deteriorated mean7 (in paragraph 2 )（分数：1.00）A.WeakenedB.ImprovedC.DepreciatedD.Declined52.Which of the following was the cause of cold weather in England from 1815 to 1818?（分数：1.00）A.England

34、 s proximity to the North SeaB.Volcanic ash in the atmosphereC.Floorings in the areaD.Pollution caused by the International Revolution53.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the cause of dropping temperatures?（分数：1.00）A.Volcanic eruptionsB.Mountain torrentsC.Crop and livestock pro

35、ductionD.The floods after the storm54.No one realized the cause of the deterioration of the world agricultural commodity market because _.（分数：1.00）A.there was a long interval between cause and effectB.the weather was difficult for us to forecastC.weather forecasts were inaccurateD.ecologists didnt e

36、xist until modem times55.According to the passage, the effects of Tempura s eruption were _.（分数：1.00）A.of several days duration worldwideB.felt mainly in the Dutch East IndiesC.evident in the decreased world temperatureD.immediately evident to the worlds scientists八、Part Cloze(总题数：0，分数：0.00)九、The fi

37、rst man who co(总题数：20，分数：20.00)56.（分数：1.00）A.zoneB.sectorC.methodD.fashion57.（分数：1.00）A.stoneB.boardC.tableD.plate58.（分数：1.00）A.inB.onC.throughD.for59.（分数：1.00）A.volcanoB.caveC.mountainD.valley60.（分数：1.00）A.byB.overC.onD.to61.（分数：1.00）A.rawB.crudeC.readyD.fresh62.（分数：1.00）A.supportedB.replacedC.chan

38、gedD.switched63.（分数：1.00）A.thoughB.sinceC.soonD.even64.（分数：1.00）A.whenB.whichC.untilD.as65.（分数：1.00）A.utensilB.instrumentC.toolD.equipment66.（分数：1.00）A.byB.onC.overD.at67.（分数：1.00）A.to cookB.cookingC.cookedD.cook68.（分数：1.00）A.strongerB.betterC.moreD.longer69.（分数：1.00）A.incapableB.unavoidableC.imposs

39、ibleD.unpopular70.（分数：1.00）A.brokenB.destroyedC.spoiledD.pierced71.（分数：1.00）A.forestB.cookedC.man-madeD.lighting72.（分数：1.00）A.beatingB.fryingC.dryingD.placing73.（分数：1.00）A.newestB.latestC.firstD.worst74.（分数：1.00）A.foodB.a fireC.himselfD.it75.（分数：1.00）A.placesB.realmsC.areasD.domains十、Part Translatio

40、n(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十一、Instead of trying to(总题数：5，分数：15.00)76.（分数：3.00）_77.（分数：3.00）_78.（分数：3.00）_79.（分数：3.00）_80.（分数：3.00）_十二、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：10.00)81.3. A country s economic prosperity can be reflected in people s daily life. Do you agree or disagree? Give your reasons in detail.（分数：10.00）_考博英语-

41、272 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.Recent studies have identified four major global environmental risks: acid rain, ozone depletion, deforestation and the greenhouse effect.（分数：1.00）A.recognized B.provedC.got rid ofD.multiplied解析：recognize 认可，承认。prove 证明，检验。get rid of

42、消除。multiply 繁殖，增加。 identify识别，鉴别。2.In ancient Egyptian paintings, royal figures were differentiated by making them several times larger than others.（分数：1.00）A.distinguished B.estrangedC.deferredD.enlarged解析：distinguish 区别，辨别。estrange 疏远。defer 推迟，延期。enlarge 扩大，放大。 differentiate区别，区分。3.The plainer is

43、a bowerbird s plumage, the more brightly it decorates its nest to attract a mate.（分数：1.00）A.more spectacularB.duller C.flatterD.more melancholy解析：spectacular 壮观的。dull 阴暗的。flat 平的。melancholy 忧郁的。plain 朴素的，无光彩的。4.General acceptance of 3-D films may prove hard to come by, as the experience of three dec

44、ades ago indicated.（分数：1.00）A.obtain B.explainC.understandD.discern解析：obtain 达到，得到。explain 解释，说明。understand 懂，了解。discern 目睹，认识。come by来临，达到。5.She was so obstinate that she wouldn t adjust her opinions.（分数：1.00）A.inflexible B.alertC.wiseD.talented解析：inflexible 不屈不挠的，顽固的。alert 堤防的，警惕的。wise 英明的，明智的。 ta

45、lented 有才能的。obstinate 倔强的，顽固的。6.Recent research into aging suggests that the body s defense mechanisms may lose the abili ty to distinguish what is alien.（分数：1.00）A.insaneB.infectiousC.foreign D.poisonous解析：insane 患精神病的，极度愚蠢的。infectious 有传染性的，易感染的。foreign 外国的，异质的。alien外来的，不同的。7.When we were in the m

46、ountains, we often found ourselves entirely enveloped by the fog.（分数：1.00）A.confinedB.surrounded C.darkenedD.blocked解析：confine 限制。surround 包围，环绕。darken 使变暗。block 封锁，阻塞。envelope 封袋，包膜。8.No other newspaper columnist has managed as yet to rival Ann Landers popularity in terms of readership.（分数：1.00）A.t

47、houghB.in spite of thisC.evenD.so far 解析：though 虽然，尽管。in spite of this 尽管。even 甚至。so far 至今。as yet 迄今为止。9.Many politicians find that they can no longer afford the luxury of a personal chauffeur.（分数：1.00）A.valetB.driver C.secretaryD.servant解析：valet 贴身男仆。driver 驾驶员。secretary 秘书。servant 仆人。chauffeur 司机。10.A number of animals in Aesop s fables are portrayed as being crafty.（分数：1.00）A.vainB.virtuousC.artisticD.cunning 解析：vain 徒劳的，空虚的。virtuous 善良的，纯洁的。artistic 艺术的，有美感的。 cunning 狡猾的，巧妙的。crafty 狡诈的，诡计多端的。11.In 1984, Presi