【考研类试卷】工商管理硕士入学考试-逻辑推理解释及答案解析.doc
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1、工商管理硕士入学考试-逻辑推理解释及答案解析(总分:255.00,做题时间:90 分钟)1.Sixty adults were asked to keep a diary of their meals, including what they consumed, when, and in the company of how many people. It was found that at meals with which they drank alcoholic beverages, they consumed about 175 calories more from nonalcohol
2、ic sources than they did at meals with which they did not drink alcoholic beverages.Each of the following, if true, contributes to an explanation of the difference in caloric intake EXCEPT:(分数:5.00)A.Diners spent a much longer time at meals served with alcohol than they did at those served without a
3、lcohol.B.The meals eaten later in the day tended to be larger than those eaten earlier in the day, and later meals were more likely to include alcohol.C.People eat more when there are more people present at the meal, and more people tended to be present at meals served with alcohol than at meals ser
4、ved without alcohol.D.The meals that were most carefully prepared and most attractively served tended to be those at which alcoholic beverages were consumed.E.(E) At meals that included alcohol, relatively more of the total calories consumed came from carbohydrates and relatively fewer of them came
5、from fats and proteins.2.Currently, the number of first-time admissions of individuals diagnosed as manic-depressives to hospitals in Great Britain exceeds by nine times the number of admissions of such patients to public and private hospitals in the United States, even though the population size of
6、 the United States is many times that of Great Britain.Which of the following, if true, would be most useful to an attempt to explain the situation described above?(分数:5.00)A.The term manic-depressive refers to a wider range of mentally ill patients in Great Britain than it does in the United States
7、.B.The admission rate in the United States includes those individuals who visit clinics for the first time as well as those who are admitted directly to hospitals.C.A small percentage of patients diagnosed as manic-depressive in Great Britain are admitted to private nursing homes rather than hospita
8、ls.D.The variety of training institutions in psychology in the United States is greater than in Great Britain, reflecting the variety of schools of psychology that have developed in the United States.E.(E) Seeking professional assistance for mental health problems no longer carries a social stigma i
9、n the United States, as it once did.3. (分数:5.00)A.B.C.D.E.4.Financing for a large construction project was provided by a group of banks. When the money was gone before the project was completed, the banks approved additional loans. Now, with funds used up again and completion still not at hand, the
10、banks refuse to extend further loans, although without those loans, the project is doomed.Which of the following, if true, best explains why the banks current reaction is different from their reaction in the previous instance of depletion of funds?(分数:5.00)A.The banks have reassessed the income pote
11、ntial of the completed project and have concluded that total income general would be less than total interest due on the old plus the needed new loans.B.The banks have identified several other projects that offer faster repayment of the principal if loans are approved now to get those projects start
12、ed.C.The banks had agreed with the borrowers that the construction loans would be secured by the completed project.D.The cost overruns were largely due to unforeseeable problems that arose in the most difficult phase of the construction work.E.(E) The project stimulated the development and refinemen
13、t of several new construction techniques, which will make it easier and cheaper to carry out similar projects in the future.5.A trees age can be determined by counting the annual growth rings in its trunk. Each ring represents one year, and the rings thickness reveals the relative amount of rainfall
14、 that year. Archaeologists successfully used annual rings to determine the relative ages of ancient tombs at Pazyryk. Each tomb was constructed from freshly cut logs, and the tombs builders were constrained by tradition to use only logs from trees growing in the sacred Pazyryk Valley.Which one of th
15、e following, if true, contributes most to an explanation of the archaeologists success in using annual rings to establish the relative ages of the tombs at the Pazyryk site?(分数:5.00)A.The Pazyryk tombs were all robbed during ancient times, but breakage of the tombs seals allowed the seepage of water
16、, which soon froze permanently, thereby preserving the tombs remaining artifacts.B.The Pazyryk Valley, surrounded by extremely high mountains, has a distinctive yearly pattern of rainfall, and so trees growing in the Pazyryk Valley have annual rings that are quite distinct from trees growing in near
17、by valleys.C.Each log in the Pazyryk tombs has among its rings a distinctive sequence of twelve annual rings representing six drought years followed by three rainy years and three more drought years.D.The archaeologists determined that the youngest tree used in any of the tombs was 90 years old and
18、that the oldest tree was 450 years old.E.(E) All of the Pazyryk tombs contained cultural artifacts that can be dated to roughly 2300 years ago.6.A new ordinance passed by the Gorenton Council a year ago banned the sale of all nonrecyclable plastic packaging for food being sold in Gorenton. A substan
19、tial percentage of Gorentons plastic waste, however, is still composed of nonrecyclable plastic food packaging.Which of the following, if true, best contributes to reconciling the apparent discrepancy above?(分数:5.00)A.Fewer food products are packaged in nonrecyclable plasticstoday than were so packa
20、ged a year ago.B.The new ordinance affects only plastic food packaging and not other products packaged in plastic, many of which are sold in Gorenton.C.Grocery and other stores in nearby suburban areas patronized by many Gorenton residents are unaffected by the new ordinance.D.Many food products for
21、merly packaged in nonrecyclable plastics are now specially packaged in recyclable plastic before being shipped so that they can be sold in Gorenton.E.(E) The total amount of both Gorentons trash and its plastic waste grew considerably over the past year.7.Extinction is a process that can depend on a
22、 variety of ecological, geographical, and physiological variables. These variables affect different species of organisms in different ways, and should, therefore, yield a random pattern of extinction. However, the fossil record shows that extinction occurs in a surprisingly definite pattern, with ma
23、ny species vanishing at the same time.Which of the following, if true, forms the best basis for at lest a partial explanation of the patterned extinction revealed by the fossil record?(A) Major episodes of extinction can result from widespread environmental disturbances that affect numerous differen
24、t species.(B Certain extinction episodes selectively affect organisms with particular sets of characteristics unique to their species.(C) Some species become extinct because of accumulated gradual changes in their local environments.(D) In geologically recent times, for which there is no fossil reco
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