【考研类试卷】北京航空航天大学翻译硕士英语真题2010年及答案解析.doc

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1、北京航空航天大学翻译硕士英语真题 2010年及答案解析(总分：89.99，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.The _ is used by astrologers to help calculate the influence of the planets on peoples lives. A. zephyr B. zodiac C. zyme D. zest（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Its a _ timetable. Sometimes lessons happen, sometimes they dont. A.

2、haphazard B. odious C. haughty D. handicapped（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.The poor mans clothes were so _ that they couldnt be repaired any more. A. oozed B. ragged C. mopped D. mocked（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.The actor amused the audience by _ some well-known people. A. embroidering B. rigging C. yelping D. mimicki

3、ng（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.No men was allowed to _ on the livelihood of his neighbor. A. wade B. invoke C. muffle D. infringe（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.The machinery had been wrecked so efficiently that police were sure it was a case of _. A. vagabond B. sabotage C. paradox D. tachyon（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.The island

4、 is maintained as a _ for endangered species. A. wetlands B. sanctuary C. mire D. heath（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.The hunter kept the lions skin and head as _. A. trophies B. fillet C. tulip D. clown（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.If you _ something, such as food or drink, you reduce its quality or make it weaker, for e

5、xample by adding water to it. A. adulterate B. moor C. vaccinate D. sue（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The orphanage is just one of her _ causes. A. phonetic B. philanthropic C. prevalent D. lunatic（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Many animals display _ instincts only while their offspring are young and helpless. A. cerebra

6、l B. imperious C. rueful D. maternal（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The guests, having eaten until they were _, now listened inattentively to the speakers. A. contradicted B. satiated C. griped D. trespassed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.While she had the fever, she _ for hours. A. raved B. sniggered C. tittered D. perfor

7、ated（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.If you spill hot liquid on your skin it will _ you. A. scale B. scald C. shun D. shunt（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The mice _ when the cat came. A. rambled B. lingered C. sauntered D. scampered（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.The chimney is no longer _ volumes of waste gas into atmosphere, as prot

8、ective filters are being used. A. giving away B. giving off C. giving in D. giving up（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.At three oclock _ a cold morning, he arrived here. A. in B. at C. on D. of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.Im sure dirty, _? A. am I B. arent I C. isnt I D. am not I（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19._, there is no place li

9、ke home, wherever you go. A. It may be humble B. As humble it may be C. Humble it may be D. Humble as it may be（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.But for his help, I _. A. did not succeed B. had not succeeded C. should not have succeeded D. have not succeeded（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.Try and calm yourself, _ your mind w

10、ill be easy again. A. and B. or C. when D. before（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22.The price of the real estate in this area may _ to unexpected values, so everyone should be conscious of the maximum price that he would want to pay for a particular property. A. stagger B. stink C. soar D. suspend（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.

11、23.Contrary to popular belief, epidemics do not occur _ after a natural disaster. A. spontaneously B. simultaneously C. homogeneously D. instantaneously（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.Immigration from countries and cultures that are _ with the cultural core of this nation has been generally prohibited. A. inter

12、ior B. invisible C. incompatible D. integral（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.This course is designed to help children _ such real life situations as separation and loss. A. cope with B. settle down C. intervene in D. interfere with（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.Foreign language teachers of this university are busy designin

13、g a test of spoken English to _ the original written examination. A. contaminate B. compliment C. complement D. coordinate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.27.Idlers, no matter how poor they are, are always _ at finding reasons not to take action to improve their living conditions. A. intrinsic B. ingenious C. initi

14、al D. inherent（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.As the graduation is drawing near, every student began to _ his future. A. compensate B. contemplate C. jeopardize D. manifest（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.Although the resistance groups do not show great military _, they frequently penetrate deep into the interior. A. prowes

15、s B. prowl C. psalm D. psyche（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.The Great _ in the USA is 1900 meters deep and 25 kilometers wide at its maximum. A. Canyon B. Ford C. Abyss D. Quarry（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、BPart Reading (总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、BSection A/B(总题数：2，分数：20.00)Directions: There are 3 passages in this part. Each pas

16、sage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Passage TwoHormones in the BodyUp to the beginning of the twentieth century, the nervous system was thought to control all communication within the body and the resulting integra

17、tion of behavior. Scientists had determined that nerves ran, essentially, on electrical impulses. These impulses were thought to be the engine for thought, emotion, movement, and internal processes such as digestion. However, experiments by William Bayliss and Ernest Starling on the chemical secreti

18、n, which is produced in the small intestine when food enters the stomach, eventually challenged that view. From the small intestine, secretin travels through the bloodstream to the pancreas. There, it stimulates the release of digestive chemicals. In this fashion, the intestinal cells that produce s

19、ecretin ultimately regulate the production of different chemicals in a different organ, the pancreas.Such a coordination of processes had been thought to require control by the nervous system; Bayliss and Starling showed that it could occur through chemicals alone. This discovery spurred Starting to

20、 coin the term hormone to refer to secretin, taking it from the Greek word hormon, meaning “to excite“ or “to set in motion.“ A hormone is a chemical produced by one tissue to make things happen elsewhere.As more hormones were discovered, they were categorized, primarily according to the process by

21、which they operated on the body. Some glands (which make up the endocrine system) secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream. Such glands include the thyroid and the pituitary. The exocrine system consists of organs and glands that produce substances that are used outside the bloodstream, primar

22、ily for digestion. The pancreas is one such organ, although it secretes some chemicals into the blood and thus is also part of the endocrine system.Much has been learned about hormones since their discovery. Some play such key roles in regulating bodily processes or behavior that their absence would

23、 cause immediate death. The most abundant hormones have effects that are less obviously urgent but can be more far-reaching and difficult to track: They modify moods and affect human behavior, even some behavior we normally think of as voluntary. Hormonal systems are very intricate. Even minute amou

24、nts of the right chemicals can suppress appetite, calm aggression, and change the attitude of a parent toward a child. Certain hormones accelerate the development of the body, regulating growth and form; others may even define an individuals personality characteristics. The quantities and proportion

25、s of hormones produce change with age, so scientists have given a great deal of study to shifts in the endocrine system over time in the hopes of alleviating ailments associated with aging.In fact, some hormone therapies are already very common. A combination of estrogen and progesterone has been pr

26、escribed for decades to women who want to reduce mood swings, sudden changes in body temperature, and other discomforts caused by lower natural levels of those hormones as they enter middle age. Known as hormone replacement therapy (HRT) , the treatment was also believed to prevent weakening of the

27、bones. At least one study has linked HRT with a heightened risk of heart disease and certain types of cancer. HRT may also increase the likelihood that blood clotsdangerous because they could travel through the bloodstream and block major blood vesselswill form. Some proponents of HRT have tempered

28、their enthusiasm in the face of this new evidence, recommending it only to patients whose symptoms interfere with their abilities to live normal lives.Human growth hormone may also be given to patients who are secreting abnormally low amounts on their own. Because of the complicated effects growth h

29、ormone has on the body, such treatments are generally restricted to children who would be pathologically small in stature without it. Growth hormone affects not just physical size but also the digestion of food and the aging process. Researchers and family physicians tend to agree that it is foolhar

30、dy to dispense it in cases in which the risks are not clearly outweighed by the benefits.（分数：10.00）(1).To be considered a hormone, a chemical produced in the body must _. A. be part of the digestive process B. influence the operations of the nervous system C. affect processes in a different part of

31、the body D. regulate attitudes and behavior（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The glands and organs mentioned in paragraph 3 are categorized according to _. A. whether scientists understand their function B. how frequently they release hormones into the body C. whether the hormones they secrete influence the agin

32、g process D. whether they secrete chemicals into the blood（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage.9 A. Most moods and actions are not voluntary because they are actually produced by the production of hormon

33、es in the body. B. Because the effects of hormones are difficult to measure, scientists remain unsure how far-reaching their effects on moods and actions are. C. When the body is not producing enough hormones, urgent treatment may be necessary to avoid psychological damage. D. The influence of many

34、hormones is not easy to measure, but they can affect both peoples psychology and actions extensively.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which patients are usually treated with growth hormone.? A. Adults of smaller statue than normal B. Adults with strong digestive systems C. Children who are not at risk from the

35、treatment D. Children who may remain abnormally small（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following sentences explains the primary goal of hormone replacement therapy.? A. The quantities and proportions of hormones produce change with age, so scientists have given a great deal of study to shifts in the

36、 endocrine system over time in the hopes of alleviating ailments associated with aging. B. A combination of estrogen and progesterone has been prescribed for decades to women who want to reduce mood swings, sudden changes in body temperature, and other discomforts caused by lower natural levels of t

37、hose hormones as they enter middle age. C. HRT may also increase the likelihood that blood clotsdangerous because they could travel through the bloodstream and block major blood vesselswill form. D. Because of the complicated effects growth hormone has on the body, such treatments are generally rest

38、ricted to children who would be pathologically small in stature without it.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.Passage ThreeStudents of United States history, seeking to identify the circumstances that encouraged the emergence of feminist movements, have thoroughly investigated the mid-nineteenth-century American econ

39、omic and social conditions that affected the status of women. These historians, however, have analyzed less fully the development of specifically feminist ideas and activities during the same period. Furthermore, the ideological origins of feminism in the United States have been obscured because, ev

40、en when historians did take into account those feminist ideas and activities occurring within the United States, they failed to recognize that feminism was then a truly international movement actually centered in Europe. American feminist activists who have been described as “solitary“ and “individu

41、al theorists“ were in reality connected to a movementutopian socialismwhich was already popularizing feminist ideas in Europe during the two decades that cachinnated in the first womens rights conference held at Seneca Falls, New York, in 1848. Thus, a complete understanding of the origins and devel

42、opment of nineteenth-century feminism in the United States requires that the geographical focus be widened to include Europe and that the detailed study already made of social conditions be expanded to include the ideological development of feminism.The earliest and most popular of the utopian socia

43、lists were the Saint-Simonians. The specifically feminist part of Saint-Simonianism has, however, been less studied than the groups contribution to early socialism. This is regrettable on two accounts. By 1832 feminism was the central concern of Saint-Simonianism and entirely absorbed its adherents

44、energy; hence, by ignoring its feminism, European historians have misunderstood Saint-Simonianism. Moreover, since many feminist ideas can be traced to Saint-Simonianism, European historians appreciation of later feminism in France and the United States remained limited.Saint-Simons followers, many

45、of whom were women, based their feminism on an interpretation of his project to reorganize the globe by replacing brute force with the rule of spiritual powers. The new world order would be ruled together by a male, to represent reflection, and a female, to represent sentiment. This complementarity

46、reflects the fact that, while the Saint-Simonians did not reject the belief that there were innate differences between men and women, they nevertheless foresaw an equally important social and political role for both sexes in their Utopia.Only a few Saint-Simonians opposed a definition of sexual equa

47、lity based on gender distinction. This minority believed that individuals of both sexes were born similar in capacity and character, and they ascribed male-female differences to socialization and education. The envisioned result of both currents of thought, however, was that women would enter public

48、 life in the new age and that sexual equality would reward men as well as women with an improved way of life.（分数：10.00）(1).It can be inferred that the author considers those historians who describe early feminists in the Unrated States as “solitary“ to be _. A. insufficiently familiar with the international origins of nineteenth-century American feminist thought B. overly concerned with the regional diver