【考研类试卷】2013年燕山大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析.doc
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1、2013年燕山大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分:68.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数:32,分数:60.00)1.英译汉_2.UNCED(分数:2.00)_3.ROI(分数:2.00)_4.UNFPA(分数:2.00)_5.LDCs(分数:2.00)_6.CNPC(分数:2.00)_7.ASEAN(分数:2.00)_8.food security(分数:2.00)_9.endowment insurance(分数:2.00)_10.traffic performance index(分数:2.00)_11.advertising slot(分数:2.00)_12.mu
2、tation in gene(分数:2.00)_13.hunger-marketing strategy(分数:2.00)_14.Skopostheory(分数:2.00)_15.translation brief(分数:2.00)_16.intra-textual coherence(分数:2.00)_17.汉译英_18.购买力(分数:2.00)_师德_民生_21.数字化进程(分数:2.00)_22.经济法制化(分数:2.00)_23.优惠的税收政策(分数:2.00)_24.社会知识化(分数:2.00)_25.政治体制改革(分数:2.00)_26.机构臃肿(分数:2.00)_27.医德医风(
3、分数:2.00)_28.文化逆差(分数:2.00)_29.温饱工程(分数:2.00)_30.再就业工程(分数:2.00)_31.反腐倡廉(分数:2.00)_32.生态环境恶化(分数:2.00)_二、英汉互译(总题数:6,分数:8.00)33.英译汉_34.The therapeutic benefits of laughter are widely known, however, and this is intriguing from the standpoint of basic science. Laughter is one of the most fundamental compone
4、nts of human behavior, transcending all age and cultural boundaries. It produces a hit of pure, direct pleasure. Yet scientists still do not understand what is happening in the brain to give such a positive feeling.Laughter breaks all the rules of survival. It uses up energy, makes predator-attracti
5、ng noise and serves no obvious function in terms of gaining nourishment, accomplishing reproduction, or protecting from danger; yet it appears to be as natural as breathing. So fundamental is it, in fact, that people in all societies spend timeand often moneyengineering themselves into situations wh
6、ere laughter is likely. It must be there for a reason.From psychological, zoological, medical and neuro-scientific standpoints, then, laughter should be at the top of the scientific research list. As a medicine it would be cheap and side-effect free; it ought to be promoted.But would scientific enqu
7、iry rob laughter of its quintessential merit, the elusive “feel-good factor“? There is no reason why this should be so. True, analyzing subjective conscious experience is one of the biggest and hardest questions facing those working on the brain, and laughter and pure fun are perhaps the hardest asp
8、ects of consciousness to come to grips with.(分数:2.00)_35.But each time you recover that hallowed self-esteem, you renew a fight to maintain it. Each time you go to a job interview and give them your best and they hire someone else, you go another round with yourself and your self-esteem. Your unempl
9、oyment seems to drag on beyond all justification. You start to glimpse a stranger in your rearview mirror. The stranger suddenly looks like a bum. You look at her with clinical curiosity. Hmmm. Obviously into the chronic stages, definitely not employable.We unemployed share a social stigma similar t
10、o that of the rape victim. Whether consciously or subconsciously, much of the work-ethic-driven public feels that you have somehow “asked for it, “ secretly wanted to lose your job and “flirted“ with unemployment through your attitude.(127 words)(30 points)-From How it feels to be out of work?(分数:2.
11、00)_36.汉译英_37.中华民族文化历史悠久,起源很早,内容极为丰富,是东方文明的主要组成部分。在物质文化方面,中国的“四大发明”曾经改变世界历史的进程。在精神文明方面,“以人为本”的思想和“和为贵”的思想,对世界文化解决个人与社会、人与自然、道德与生命的根本关系做出了杰出的贡献。中国的学者们一致认为,在全球化趋势日益发展的今天,文化交流在国与国之间的交往中越来越重要,中国应该向全世界充分展现具有强大凝聚力的中华文明,同时应该吸取一切人类文明的精华。(215words)(30 points)(分数:2.00)_38.学校教育给我们的好处不但只是灌输知识,最大的好处恐怕还在给我们求友的机会上
12、。这好处我到了离学校以后才知道,这几年来更确切地体会到,深悔当时毫不自觉,马马虎虎过去了。近来每日早晚在路上见到两两三三的携着书包,携了手或挽了肩膀走着的青年学生,我总艳羡他们有朋友之乐,暗暗地要在心中替他们祝福。(144 words)(30 points)(分数:2.00)_2013年燕山大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分:68.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数:32,分数:60.00)1.英译汉_解析:2.UNCED(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:联合国环境与发展会议)解析:3.ROI(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:投资回报率)解析:4.UNFPA(
13、分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:联合国人口活动基金会)解析:5.LDCs(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:最不发达国家)解析:6.CNPC(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:中国石油天然气集团公司)解析:7.ASEAN(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:东南亚国家联盟)解析:8.food security(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:食品安全)解析:9.endowment insurance(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:养老保险)解析:10.traffic performance index(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:交通运行指
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