【学历类职业资格】英语写作基础自考题-6及答案解析.doc

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1、英语写作基础自考题-6 及答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：10，分数：15.00)1.Iraqs fallen dictator Saddam Hussein refused to answer any questions or recognize any of his crimes when he was brought to court. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_2.My roommate closed her books when it was nearly midnight. (simple sentence)（分数：

2、1.50）_3.When they meet after years of separation, old friends are often shocked and embarrassed. (loose sentence)（分数：1.50）_4.I spent almost two hours on the phone yesterday. I tried to find a garage to repair my car. (sentence with “to opener“)（分数：1.50）_5.I like roller-skating. I like ice-skating be

3、tter. (compound sentence)（分数：1.50）_6.His valuable papers were destroyed in the fire. Tom called the insurance company. (complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_7.The store had the outdoor grill I wanted. The clerk wouldnt sell it to me. It was the sample. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_8.Jim bought his wif

4、e a Christmas gift. He didnt tell her beforehand. (sentence with a modifying phrase)（分数：1.50）_9.He learned how to categorize and draw animals accurately. (parallel structrue)（分数：1.50）_10.Lakey is the most beautiful one of the group of girls. She is also the most intelligent and the most resourceful

5、one of them. (sentence with parallel structure)（分数：1.50）_二、B(总题数：5，分数：15.00)11.The rain might last for a while, clouds covered the entire sky.（分数：3.00）_12.He will have a chance to go home next weekend. And to meet his new stepfather.（分数：3.00）_13.Many people choose air transportation because it is fa

6、st, offers convenience, and it is not very expensive.（分数：3.00）_14.That woman just bought her dog a milkshake in a red skirt.（分数：3.00）_15.Opening the door, an amusing scene caught my eye.（分数：3.00）_三、B(总题数：3，分数：15.00)16.Choose the best topic sentence from the group below. Write the letter of your choi

7、ce in the blank provided. A. The purposes of sleep are to rest our bodies and mind. B. Passive sleep helps us to rest our bodies while active sleep helps us to rest our minds. C. In passive sleep, the heart slows down and the body processes become very slow, leaving the body at rest. D. In active sl

8、eep, the brain temperature rises and the brain becomes very active and then dreaming occurs, helping us to rest our minds. Answer: _（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_17.Read the following paragraph and underline the topic sentence. What has happened to the American male? For a long time, he seemed utterly confident i

9、n his manhood, sure of his masculine (男性的) role in society, easy and definite in his sense of sexual identity. The frontiersmen (边远地区居民) of James Fenimore Copper, for example, never had any concern about masculinity; they were men, and it did not occur to them to think twice about it. Even well into

10、 the twentieth century, the heroes of Dreiser, of Fitzgerald, of Hemingway remain men. But one begins to detect a new theme emerging in some of these authors, especially in Hemingway: the theme of the male hero increasingly preoccupied with proving his virility (男子气概) to himself. And by mid-century,

11、 the male role had plainly lost its rugged clarity of outline. Today men are more and more conscious of maleness not as a fact but as a problem. The ways by which American men affirm their masculinity are uncertain and obscure.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_18.Read the following paragraph carefully and select the

12、best topic sentence from the four possible answers that follow the paragraph. Write the letter of your choice in the blank provided. Topic Sentence:_ Until the early 1960s, most people reported getting more news from newspapers than from any other source. By the mid-1960s, television nudged (轻推) out

13、 newspapers as the publics major source of news. By the 1980s, about two-thirds of the public cited television as their news source, compared with less than one-half who named newspapers and less than one-fifth who relied on radio. Not only is television the publics most important source of news now

14、, but television news is also rated as more trustworthy than newspaper newsby a margin of more than 2 to 1. A. Virtually all citizens rely on the mass media for news. B. Only a very small number of the public relied on the radio for news. C. The public got news mainly from newspapers before the earl

15、y 1960s. D. Television now has become the most popular and trust-worthy source of news.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_四、B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)19.When the eyes begin to move, this is a sign of another changethe person is dreaming. 20. If a person continues to sleep, she or he enters a new stage, a more active stage. 21.

16、There are two kinds of sleep: active sleep and passive sleep. 22. Throughout the night, people alternate between passive and active to being active, and then dreaming occurs. 23. And as the brain becomes more active, the eyes begin to move rapidly. 24. This stage is known as slow-wave sleep because

17、the brain waves move in a very slow, regular rhythm. 25. The body goes through several changes: the brain temperature rises, the amount of blood in the brain increases, the body becomes very still, and the brain goes from being very inactive to being active. 26. In passive sleep, the body is at rest

18、, the heart slows down and the brain becomes very inactive. 20 25 23（分数：5.00）_五、B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)20.To the American visitor, Iceland is a very interesting country, partly because it is different in so many ways from what he or she is used to seeing at home. There are quite a few things that are not

19、done, or that do not exist on the islandquite a few nos. There is no pollution, for instance. No dogs are permitted in Reykjavik, the capital. There is no television on Thursdays or during the entire month of July, and only three hours of black-and-white TV the rest of the time. Because many people

20、now worry about the effect that TV has on the young. There is no hard liquor on Wednesdays and no beer at any time. There are no handguns; even the police do not carry them. Crime is so rare that there is only one jail of thirty-five cells in the entire landan admirable figure, even for a small coun

21、try of 222000 people. There is no army, air force or navy. There is no tipping for anything. There are no large stores open on Saturdays and on Sundays. Since Iceland is situated just under the Arctic Circle, there is no darkness in summer and no daylight in winter. Therefore, people prefer summer t

22、o winter. But thanks to Gulf Stream, the climate is rather mild, with temperatures ranging from thirty-four degrees Fahrenheit to fifty-two degrees in July. The rules on television, liquor, and guns are the result of governmental decision. But the absence of pollution is due in great part to the hot

23、 springs that come out of the ground; in fact, Iceland uses only 3 percent of all its available power.（分数：10.00）_六、B(总题数：1，分数：30.00)21.You (Liu Dan) are a student from School of English and International Studies. You were impressed by the students performance of Shakespeares play King Lear (李尔王) at

24、University of International Business and Economies and want to know more about drama. Write a letter to Prof. Sun of the University to invite her to offer a lecture on Drama to your classmates. Prof. Sun, with profound knowledge of this subject, has rich experience in arousing students interest in d

25、rama by encouraging them to put on plays on campus. You will ask Prof. Sun to decide the date to make the trip to your school. (150200 words)（分数：30.00）_英语写作基础自考题-6 答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：10，分数：15.00)1.Iraqs fallen dictator Saddam Hussein refused to answer any questions or recognize any of

26、his crimes when he was brought to court. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(When Iraqs fallen dictator Saddam Hussein was brought to court, he refused to answer any questions or recognize any of his crimes.)解析：解析 原句是一个含有 when 引导的时间状语从句的松散句，要转化为掉尾句。转化时只需要把when 引导的从句提前，而将表示句子中心意思的后半句移至句尾，在从句和主句之间插入逗号即

27、可。译文：当萨达姆侯赛因被带上法庭后，这位伊拉克已下台的统治者拒绝回答任何问题，也拒绝承认任何指控罪行。2.My roommate closed her books when it was nearly midnight. (simple sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(My roommate closed her books at midnight.)解析：解析 原句是一个含有由 when 引导的时间状语从句的复合句，要求变为简单句。在变化时要注意把时间状语从句变为表示时间的介词短语，这样就符合简单句无从句的要求了。3.When they meet after years

28、of separation, old friends are often shocked and embarrassed. (loose sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(Old friends are often shocked and embarrassed when they meet after years of separation.)解析：解析 此题要求把掉尾句改为松散句，即把句子里主要思想或要说的东西从句尾移到句首。4.I spent almost two hours on the phone yesterday. I tried to find a garage

29、 to repair my car. (sentence with “to opener“)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(To find a garage to repair my car, I spent almost two hours on the phone yesterday.)解析：解析 首先来看译文，昨天我打了将近两小时电话。我想找一家修理厂修修我的汽车。原句为两个简单句，要求把它们变成以 to 开头的一个简单句。To 位于句首时，通常引出目的状语。分析原句，第二句是第一句的目的，主语均为 I，所以去掉 I tried，把 to find 短语作为句子的目的状语置于句首即可。5

30、.I like roller-skating. I like ice-skating better. (compound sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(I like roller-skating, but I like ice-skating better.)解析：解析 原句是两个简单句，要求变为一个并列句。简单句合并成并列句的一种方式是逗号加并列连接词。从句意来看，两句之间是比较关系，意思上有所转折，故可选用连词 but。译文：我喜欢滑旱冰，但我更喜欢滑冰。6.His valuable papers were destroyed in the fire. Tom call

31、ed the insurance company. (complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(Tom called the insurance company after his valuable papers were destroyed in the fire.)解析：解析 原句为两个简单句，要求合并为一个复合句。复合句是含有主句和从句的句子。分析句意我们可以看出，第二句是句子中心意思所在。要把第一句转化成第二句的从句，可以从时间上考虑，在这里可用连词 after 引导。译文：珍贵文件被大火毁坏后，汤姆打电话给保险公司。7.The store had the ou

32、tdoor grill I wanted. The clerk wouldnt sell it to me. It was the sample. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(The store had the outdoor grill I wanted, but the clerk wouldnt sell it to me because it was the sample.)解析：解析 原句含有三个简单句，要求合并为一个并列复合句。从句意来看，前两句之间是转折关系，后两句之间是因果关系，故前两句之间用连词 but 引导，使这两句

33、合并成句子并列部分，后两句之间用连词 because 来引导原因状语从句，使这部分成为合并后句子的复合部分。8.Jim bought his wife a Christmas gift. He didnt tell her beforehand. (sentence with a modifying phrase)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(Jim bought his wife a Christmas gift without telling her before-hand./Without telling her beforehand, Jim bought his wife a Ch

34、ristmas gift./Not telling her beforehand, Jim bought Hs wife a Christmas gift.)解析：解析 首先来看译文，杰姆给他妻子买了一个圣诞礼物。他事先没有告诉她。原句为两个简单句，要求把它们变为一个含修饰语的句子。原句的两个句子中，第一句 bought a gift 是中心意思，而didnt tell her wife 是次要内容，所以可将第二句改为修饰语。两句话主语相同，所以可将 tell 短语改为 telling+宾语的形式，又因为它为否定形式，所以既可以改为 without telling+宾语，也可以改为Not te

35、lling 结构位于句首。9.He learned how to categorize and draw animals accurately. (parallel structrue)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(He learned how to categorize and how to draw animals accurately.)解析：解析 原句是一个简单句，要求转换为平行结构。从句意和句子结构上看，能转化的只有 how to categorize and draw 这部分。由于平行结构要求同等语法功能的那些部分结构相同，所以可将其转换为how to categorize an

36、d how to draw 这种形式。10.Lakey is the most beautiful one of the group of girls. She is also the most intelligent and the most resourceful one of them. (sentence with parallel structure)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(Lakey is the most beautiful, intelligent and resourceful one of the group of girls.)解析：解析 首先来看译文，Lakey

37、 是这群女孩中最漂亮的，她也是最聪明和最机灵的。该题要求改为包含平行结构的句子。平行结构是指把两个以上意思并列的成分用同等的语法形式表达出来，使句子对称流畅，富有节奏感。本题中，the most beautiful，intelligent 和 resourceful 是 Lakey 的三个特点，三个词地位相同，均可作 Lakey 的定语，所以，只要将它们并列作 one(指 Lakey)的定语即可。二、B(总题数：5，分数：15.00)11.The rain might last for a while, clouds covered the entire sky.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：

38、(The rain might last for a while, for clouds covered the entire sky.)解析：解析 原句是一个串句，句子的每一个分句都可以直接表达一个完整的意思，但英语中两个独立的句子是不能仅仅用逗号隔开的，它们之间要么加连词，要么用句号或分号等方法连接。从句意上看，这两句话有很明显的因果关系，所以要将它们连在一起，必须有表示因果关系的连词 for 或者 as。12.He will have a chance to go home next weekend. And to meet his new stepfather.（分数：3.00）_正确

39、答案：(He will have a chance to go home next weekend, and to meet his new stepfather.)解析：解析 本题是由不定式引起的破句，当动词不定式符号 to 出现在一个词组的开头或靠近开头时，有时会产生破句，修改这类破句可以采用把不定式加到它前面的句子里的方法。本题中 to meet his new stepfather 在句意上应为前面句子的目的状语部分，这样就将此两句合在一起了。13.Many people choose air transportation because it is fast, offers conv

40、enience, and it is not very expensive.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(Many people choose air transportation because it is fast, convenient, and inexpensive.)解析：解析 这道题错误出在错误的平行结构。平行结构是把两个或两个以上意思并列的成分用同等的语法形式表达出来。如果意思上并列的成分用不同等的语法形式来表达，就破坏了平行结构。这是一个含有多项平行的句子，在多项平行句中，把一组词组连续地排列起来，使意义与结构均保持平行，这样才能结构对称美观。在这句话中，在描述乘飞机的好处时用到了系表结构、动宾结构，破坏了平行结构，所以只要把动宾结构的词组改为系表结构即可。14.That woman just bought her dog a milkshake in