IEEE 1654-2009 en RF Protection of Personnel Working in the Vicinity of Wireless Communications Antennas Attached to Electric Power Line Structures《位于输电线路结构上无线通.pdf

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1、IEEE Std 1654-2009IEEE Guide for RF Protection of Personnel Working in the Vicinity of Wireless Communications Antennas Attached to Electric Power Line Structures IEEE3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997, USA30 June 2009IEEE Power +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual

2、standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center. iv Copyright 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. Introduction This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 1654-2009, IEEE Guide for RF Protection of Personnel Working in the Vicinity of Wireless Communicati

3、ons Antennas Attached to Electric Power Line Structures. The rapid expansion of the wireless communications industry has led to new impacts on the power transmission industry. Wireless companies are looking to share the advantages of existing power line rights-of-way. Thousands of power transmission

4、 structures have been modified to perform a dual role as communications towers. This dual role places an additional burden on electrical workers who must install and maintain the communications antennas while performing their usual duties in the maintenance of the power transmission lines. Maintenan

5、ce personnel are now faced with issues regarding possible hazards arising from working in the presence of high-intensity RF fields. The U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) performed scientific studies and produced reports and recommendations, and regulations,awhich have also resulted in the

6、 promulgation of regulations by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) to address worker exposures in RF fields. Utility companies are obligated to develop plans, training, policies, and work practices to protect their workers from excessive exposures to RF fields. In addition, it

7、is incumbent upon utilities to evaluate the necessity of equipping their workers with personal protective equipment, such as RF detectors and shielding apparel. Questions and concerns about RF exposures of electrical workers were discussed at meetings of the IEEE Power Engineering Society (PES), Eng

8、ineering in the Safety, Maintenance, and Operation of Lines (ESMOL) Subcommittee in Las Vegas 2000 and Columbus 2001, as well as in panel presentations in Edmonton, Montreal, and Vancouver, Canada, all of which provided foundation material for this guide. The main decisions and recommendations arriv

9、ed at during the Vancouver meeting were the following: a) An RF exposure safety program should be developed by an electric utility if it plans to permit use of its structures for attachment of RF antennas and/or the associated transmitters. b) Personal RF monitors should be worn by each employee whe

10、n RF antennas are located on structures where he or she is working, or on other structures in the vicinity. A next milestone was the publication in 2003 of an IEEE conference paper entitled “RF Protection of Personnel Working in the Vicinity of Wireless Communications Antennas Attached to Electric P

11、ower Line Structures” (ESMOL Subcommittee B7).bThe purpose of this paper was to present a summary of present electric utility practices and proposed minimum requirements pertaining to RF protection of personnel working in the vicinity of wireless communications antennas attached to electric power li

12、ne structures. In this respect, the paper provided information on RF exposure limits, RF safety compliance steps, power-frequency electric and magnetic field immunity of RF personal monitors, and RF protective clothing. The 2003 paper served as the main basis for this guide. IEEE Std 1654-2009 was p

13、repared by the ESMOL Subcommittee Task Force entitled “Protection of Line Workers from RF Radiation Fields Emitted from Antenna/Transmitter Arrays.” aInformation on references can be found in Clause 2. bThe numbers in brackets correspond to those of the bibliography in Annex A. v Copyright 2009 IEEE

14、. All rights reserved. Notice to users Laws and regulations Users of these documents should consult all applicable laws and regulations. Compliance with the provisions of this standard does not imply compliance to any applicable regulatory requirements. Implementers of the standard are responsible f

15、or observing or referring to the applicable regulatory requirements. IEEE does not, by the publication of its standards, intend to urge action that is not in compliance with applicable laws, and these documents may not be construed as doing so. Copyrights This document is copyrighted by the IEEE. It

16、 is made available for a wide variety of both public and private uses. These include both use, by reference, in laws and regulations, and use in private self-regulation, standardization, and the promotion of engineering practices and methods. By making this document available for use and adoption by

17、 public authorities and private users, the IEEE does not waive any rights in copyright to this document. Updating of IEEE documents Users of IEEE standards should be aware that these documents may be superseded at any time by the issuance of new editions or may be amended from time to time through t

18、he issuance of amendments, corrigenda, or errata. An official IEEE document at any point in time consists of the current edition of the document together with any amendments, corrigenda, or errata then in effect. In order to determine whether a given document is the current edition and whether it ha

19、s been amended through the issuance of amendments, corrigenda, or errata, visit the IEEE Standards Association web site at http:/ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/standards.jsp, or contact the IEEE at the address listed previously. For more information about the IEEE Standards Association or the IEEE standard

20、s development process, visit the IEEE-SA web site at http:/standards.ieee.org. Errata Errata, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/updates/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically

21、. Interpretations Current interpretations can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/interp/ index.html. vi Copyright 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this guide may require use of subject matter co

22、vered by patent rights. By publication of this guide, no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE is not responsible for identifying Essential Patent Claims for which a license may be required, for conducting inquiries into th

23、e legal validity or scope of Patents Claims or determining whether any licensing terms or conditions provided in connection with submission of a Letter of Assurance, if any, or in any licensing agreements are reasonable or non-discriminatory. Users of this guide are expressly advised that determinat

24、ion of the validity of any patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Association. Participants At the time this guide was submitted to the IEEE-SA Standards Board for approval, the RF

25、Protection Guide for Electrical Workers Working Group had the following membership: Nestor Kolcio, Chair Ken Brown, Vice Chair Kris Buchholtz Thomas Buonincontri James Christensen Ed Davis Frederick Doering George Gela Jim Gillies Ernie Jones Clayton King George Niles Tom Rasler James Tomaseski Tom

26、Verdecchio The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this guide. Balloters may have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention. William J. Ackerman Ali Al Awazi Kraig Bader Harvey Bowles Gernot Brandt Gustavo Brunello Thomas Buonincontri William Byrd Weijen Chen Keith

27、Chow Robert Christman Michael Clodfelder Tommy Cooper F. A. Denbrock Bostjan K. Derganc Ernest Duckworth Gary Engmann Rabiz Foda George Gela William Goldbach Charles Grose Randall Groves Richard W. Hensel Werner Hoelzl Edward Hunt Efthymios Karabetsos Gael Kennedy Robert O Kluge Joseph L. Koepfinger

28、 Nestor Kolcio Jim Kulchisky Lisardo Lourido Gary Michel Abdul Mousa Dennis Neitzel Michael S. Newman Gary Nissen Tim Olson Carl Orde Donald Parker Percy Pool Charles Rogers Bartien Sayogo Mark Simon Jerry Smith Richard Tell James Tomaseski Joseph Tumidajski John Vergis Daniel Ward William Wessman J

29、ames Wilson Larry Young Theodore Zeiss vii Copyright 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this guide on 19 March 2009, it had the following membership: Robert M. Grow, Chair Thomas Prevost, Vice Chair Steve M. Mills, Past Chair Judith Gorman, Secretary John Barr

30、Karen Bartleson Victor Berman Ted Burse Richard DeBlasio Andy Drozd Mark Epstein Alexander Gelman Jim Hughes Rich Hulett Young Kyun Kim Joseph L. Koepfinger* John Kulick David Law Ted Olsen Glenn Parsons Ron Petersen Narayanan Ramachandran Jon Rosdahl Sam Sciacca *Member Emeritus Also included are t

31、he following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons: Howard Wolfman, TAB Representative Michael Janezic, NIST Representative Satish Aggarwal, NRC Representative Lisa Perry IEEE Standards Program Manager, Document Development Malia Zaman IEEE Standards Program Manager, Technical Program Developme

32、nt viii Copyright 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. Contents 1. Overview 1 1.1 Scope . 1 1.2 Purpose 1 2. Normative references 2 3. Definitions 2 4. Application . 3 5. RF exposureFCC and OSHA guidelines and requirements 3 6. Exposure situations. 4 7. RF emittersTypical measurements . 4 8. Electric uti

33、lity RF safety practices 5 8.1 Background 5 8.2 RF exposure safety compliance steps 5 9. RF safety considerations for third-party antennas and transmitters 8 9.1 Establishing RF safety in third-party situations. 8 9.2 RF safety for other nearby third-party RF antennas 9 10. RF safety standard work p

34、rocedures. 9 11. Documentation and training . 9 12. Immunity of RF personal monitors to electric and magnetic fields from transmission lines . 10 12.1 General information. 10 12.2 RFPM immunity to power-frequency electric fields . 10 12.3 Immunity to power-frequency magnetic fields 11 13. Available

35、RF protection methods . 11 13.1 General 11 13.2 Conductive clothing. 11 Annex A (informative) Bibliography . 13 1 Copyright 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. IEEE Guide for RF Protection of Personnel Working in the Vicinity of Wireless Communications Antennas Attached to Electric Power Line Structures

36、 IMPORTANT NOTICE: This standard is not intended to ensure safety, security, health, or environmental protection in all circumstances. Implementers of the standard are responsible for determining appropriate safety, security, environmental, and health practices or regulatory requirements. This IEEE

37、document is made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These notices and disclaimers appear in all publications containing this document and may be found under the heading “Important Notice” or “Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Documents.” They can al

38、so be obtained on request from IEEE or viewed at http:/standards.ieee.org/IPR/disclaimers.html. 1. Overview 1.1 Scope This guide presents information on establishing an effective safety program to ensure compliance with the applicable regulations for radio frequency (RF) protection of electrical wor

39、kers in the vicinity of wireless communication antennas adjacent or attached to electrical power line structures. The guide also provides information on power-frequency electric and magnetic field immunity of RF personal monitors (RFPM) and RF protective clothing. 1.2 Purpose Electric utilities are

40、required to meet the requirements established by applicable regulations e.g., Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for protection of electrical workers in the vicinity of wireless communication antennas adjacent or attached to IEEE Std 1654-20

41、09 IEEE Guide for RF Protection of Personnel Working in the Vicinity of Wireless Communications Antennas Attached to Electric Power Line Structures 2 Copyright 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. electrical power line structures. This guide presents information on establishing an effective safety progra

42、m to assure compliance with these regulatory requirements, including information on RF exposure limits, power-frequency electric and magnetic field immunity of RFPM, and RF protective clothing. 2. Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this d

43、ocument (i.e., they must be understood and used, so each referenced document is cited in text and its relationship to this document is explained). For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments or

44、corrigenda) applies. Code of Federal Regulations Title 29 Part 1960 Section 16 (29 CFR 1960.16), Compliance with OSHA standards.1,2Code of Federal Regulations Title 29 Part 1960 Section 17 (29 CFR 1960.17), Alternate standards. Code of Federal Regulations Title 47 Part 1 Section 1307 (47 CFR 1.1307)

45、, Actions that may have a significant environmental effect, for which environmental assessments (EAs) must be prepared. Code of Federal Regulations Title 47 Part 1 Section 1310 (47 CFR 1.1310), Radiofrequency radiation exposure limits. FCC LSGAC, “A Local Government Officials Guide to Transmitting A

46、ntenna RF Emission Safety: Rules, Procedures, and Practical Guidance,” June 2000.3FCC OET Bulletin 65 (Edition 97-01, August 1997), Evaluating Compliance with FCC Guidelines for Human Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields.4IEEE Std C95.6-2002, IEEE Standard for Safety Levels with Respect

47、 to Human Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields, 03 kHz.5,63. Definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. The Authoritative Dictionary of IEEE Standards Terms B117should be referenced for terms not defined in this clause. 3.1 cellular: Wireless phone system

48、s. 3.2 electric field: An electrically charged field that surrounds a high voltage energized conductor. 3.3 HV line towers: Towers used to support high voltage transmission lines. 1CFR publications are available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, P.O. Box 37082, W

49、ashington, DC 20013-7082, USA. 2Available at http:/www.fcc.gov/oet/info/documents/bulletins/. 3Available at http:/wireless.fcc.gov/siting/FCC_LSGAC_RF_Guide.pdf. 4Available at http:/www.fcc/gov/. 5IEEE publications are available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA (http:/standards.ieee.org/). 6The IEEE standard or product referred to in Clause 2 is a trademark owned by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Incorporated. 7The numbers in brackets correspond to those of the bibliog