2020版高考英语一轮复习Unit4Cyberspace讲义北师大版必修2.doc

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1、1Unit 4 Cyberspace (一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意1virtual adj. 虚拟的2pessimistic adj. 悲观的，厌世的3destruction n. 破坏，毁灭4military adj. 军事的，军用的5hacker n. 电脑黑客6global adj. 全球的，全世界的7surfing n. 冲浪8site n. (事物或事件发生)场所，位置9spider n. 蜘蛛10fashion n. 时髦，时尚.重点单词写其形1likely adj. 有可能的adv. (与 most，very 连用)可能2focus vi. 集中注意3guide n. 指南

2、；导游，向导4climate n. 气候5affect vt. 影响6attack n why not reach a decision? Instead of focusing on_your wounded feelings, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you. 完成句子The childrens faces are_badly_out_of_focus_in the photograph.照片上孩子们的脸模糊不清。I am so tired that I cant focus_on anything to

3、day.我今天太累了，集中不了精力做任何事。写美(2014四川高考书面表达)在过去的几个月里我做了很好的准备。我每天专心于学习，感到相当自信。In_the_past_few_months,_Ive_made_good_preparations.Every_day_I_focused_my_attention_on_my_studies_and_felt_pretty_confident.3offer n settle_down_to_some_reading_or_something_else.13不要把大好时光浪费掉，静下心来读点书或做点别的什么事儿。4It_is_likely_that h

4、e will agree with the plan to advocate a lowcarbon lifestyle.他很可能会同意这个提倡低碳生活的计划。5Founded in Moscow, the company eventually settled_in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s.公司在莫斯科成立，在 20 世纪 20 年代定居在特拉维夫。(一)课前自主学习1make_up 串记 1 编造；构成2come_true 实现3as_if 好像，仿佛4hang_on 串记 2 (电话用语)别挂断；别放弃5get_in_touch 取得联系6be_up_to 做

5、，从事于；取决于；胜任7in_the_flesh 本人亲身8as_well_as 串记 3 也，又9be_known_as 被认为是10take_action 采取行动11whats_more 而且12take_over 接收，接管13consist_of 由组成14cut_off 串记 4 切掉，切断15have_problems_with 在方面有困难同根短语串记串记 1.make 短语集汇make up 构成；编造 make out 理解；辨认出make for 走向；促成 make up for 弥补；补偿14串记 2.hang 短语小聚hang on (电话用语)别挂断；别放弃han

6、g about/around 逗留；闲荡hang up 挂断电话串记 3.“就前原则”相关词汇一览rather than 而不是 except/but 除了together with 和 along with 和as well as 也，又，和串记 4.“v.off”短语速记show off 炫耀，卖弄 turn off 关掉pay off 还清 take off 起飞；脱掉put off 推迟 give off 发出(光、热、气味等)set off 出发；爆炸 cut off 切掉，切断1get all sorts of information 获取各种各样的信息2be optimistic

7、 about the future 对未来持乐观态度3in virtual reality 在虚拟现实中4have a population of just under a million people有接近一百万的人口5enjoy an amazing view 欣赏令人惊异的景色6go back 650 years 追溯到 650 年前7do water sports 做水上运动8regular international flights 定期的国际航班1. .“it_is_clear_that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping o

8、n the Internet.”“很显然，我们将会看到网上购物的大幅度增长。 ”2. .the use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as_if you are in a real situation.计算机通过模拟声音和图像使你感到仿佛置身于一个真实的空间。3Do you have_anything_planned for Saturday and Sunday?15你周六、周日有什么安排吗？4But I still find_it_hard_to_imagine.但我还是觉得令人难以想象。学考对接活学活用高

9、考采撷(一) 阅读中的词块与句式1(2018全国卷阅读 D)“Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk， ” he explains. “The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.”(用本单元短语升级加黑词汇)get_in_touch 2(2009重庆高考阅读 A)After watching a crazy wo

10、man rushing in and out, shouting at everything in sight, I noticed that something in my mood (情绪) had changed.I was laughing.How could I have trouble with that phone？(用本单元短语替换加黑部分)have_problems_with高考采撷(二) 写作中的词块与句式(根据汉语及提示翻译句子)1(2017全国卷书面表达)你通晓中国文化是必要的。(It is adj.that 从句)It_is_necessary_that_you_ha

11、ve_a_good_knowledge_of_Chinese_culture.2(2014天津高考书面表达)我们班由 50 个可爱的女生和男生组成，他们都很热情、慷慨、乐于助人。(consist of)Our_class_consists_of_50_lively_boys_and_girls,_who_are_warm,_generous_and_ready_to_offer_help.(二)课堂重点释疑短语集释1get in touch 取得联系记牢get in touch with sb. 和某人取得联系(动作)keep in touch with sb. 和某人保持联系(状态)be i

12、n touch with 和有联系(状态)16lose touch with 和失去联系(动作)be out of touch with 不了解；失去联系(状态)练通 单句语法填空It occurred to me that we should get in touch with the manager.I keep in touch with most of my old school friends. 根据提示完成下面语段I kept/was_in_touch_with my college classmates for about ten years.Unfortunately, whe

13、n I lost my mobile phone, I lost_touch_with them.Later, I got_in_touch_with them online after we were_out_of_touch for about half a year.我与大学同学保持了十年的联系。不幸的是，当我丢了手机后，我与他们失去了联系。后来，在失去联系大约半年后，我在网上与他们取得了联系。写美(2011新课标全国卷书面表达)请告知我你哪天合适。你可以发邮件或者打电话和我取得联系。Please_let_me_know_which_day_is_OK_with_you.If_you_w

14、ant_to_get_in_touch_with_me,_you_may_email_or_phone_me.2(be) up to 做，忙于，从事；多达，达到 (数量/规格)；胜任；直到为止；取决于，由决定；是的责任辨清 写出下列句中(be) up to 的含义It is up to the manager to make the final decision.取决于Up to one hundred thousand people are still without jobs.达到，多达John was fired because he was not up to his work.胜任T

15、he children are very quiet.I wonder what they are up to.从事，忙于She continued to care for her father up to the time of his recovery.直到为止记牢up to now 直到现在It is up to you. 随你的便。/由你来决定。It is up to sb.to do sth. 该由某人做某事练通 单句语法填空Its up to_you to decide whether to go or not.17We have_known (know) nothing abou

16、t Tom up to now. 翻译句子由你决定我们是否买这套家具。Its_up_to_you_to_decide_whether_we_buy_this_set_of_furniture_or_not.写美(2018全国卷书面表达)带什么礼物由你决定。以我个人来看，你最好带一些小礼物，例如你家乡的特产。It_is_up_to_you_to_decide_which_gift_is_suitable.In_my_opinion,_youd_better_bring_some_little_gifts,_such_as_a_special_food_or_drink_from_your_cou

17、ntry.3as well as 也，又；和一样好记牢(1)A as well as B 作主语时，谓语动词的单复数随 A 的人称和数的变化而变化(2)as well as 可以用来连接两个相同的成分，强调的重点在前面，不在后面。放在句首时，后面的动词多用 v.ing 形式(3)may/might as well 最好；还是为好；不妨as well 也，还练通 单句语法填空The girl, as well as her brothers, wants (want) to go to beach on Sunday.As well as eating (eat) five course mea

18、ls, they drank seven bottles of wine.The weather was so bad that we might as well stay (stay) at home. 句型转换The driver can drive not only cars but also buses.The driver can drive buses as well as cars.用准 as well 表示“也，又”的意思，副词词组，常位于句末。Not only do the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours

19、 as_well.护士们不仅想涨工资，而且还想减少工作时间。写美(2017天津高考书面表达)实际上，在学习与生活中我一直做得很好。Actually,_Ive_been_doing_pretty_well_in_my_studies_as_well_as_in_my_life.句式集释181It is adj.that 从句 教材原句 .“it_is_clear_that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.”悟拓展例句(1)Its_clear/obvious_that he was suffering gr

20、eat pain when he talked.显然，他说话的时候正遭受着巨大的痛苦。(2)It_is_known_to_all_that Taiwan belongs to China.众所周知，台湾属于中国。(3)It_happened_to_me_that I met my former teacher in the cinema.在电影院我碰巧遇到了我以前的老师。析用法规则用法归纳(1)在“it is clear that .”句型中，it 替代后面 that 引导的主语从句作形式主语。可用于该句型的形容词有：clear, obvious, true, possible, necess

21、ary, natural, important 等。(2)常见 it 作形式主语替代后面的从句的句型有：It is名词(a pity, a shame, ones duty, no wonder .)that 从句It is过去分词 (said, reported, known, believed, announced, suggested, required .)that 从句It不及物动词(happen, occur, appear, seem .)that 从句背写作佳句(1)(2018全国卷满分作文)It is believed that the film is instructive

22、 and full of emotion.It tells the story of our school growing up, from small to large, from weak to strong.(要点句)(2)(2016全国卷满分作文)It is a pity that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.(要点句)(3)(2015全国卷满分作文)It is important that you should hand in your article before 28th, June.(要点句

23、)2as if 引导表语从句教材原句 .the use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as_if you are in a real situation.悟拓展例句19(1)Hurry up! It looks as_if the train is going to move.快点！看起来火车要开了。(2)He opened his mouth as if to_say (say) something.他张开嘴好像要说什么。(3)They talked as if they had_met (meet) bef

24、ore.他们交谈着好像以前见过面似的。(4)I remember the whole thing as if it happened (happen) yesterday.我还记得整件事，就好像它发生在昨天一样。析用法规则用法归纳(1)as if 相当于 as though，意为“仿佛；好像；似乎” ，常用在 be, look, seem, sound, smell, feel 等系动词的后面引导表语从句。它还可以引导方式状语从句。(2)as if/though 从句中的省略：如果 as if 引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有 be 动词，可省略从句主语和 be 动词。(3)若 as

25、 if/though 引导的从句表示实现的可能性很小或与事实相反，则用虚拟语气：与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用“would/could/mightdo” ；与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去时；与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去完成时。注意事项 as if/though 引导的从句如果实现的可能性较大，则用陈述语气。背写作佳句(1)(2015湖北高考满分作文)Two years ago, our teacher offered us an answer to a difficult math problem in class.It seemed as if the answer was a l

26、ittle strange, but nobody doubted it except me.(开头句)(2)(2016江苏高考满分作文)To be honest, voters sometimes feel annoyed; they hate voting but have to pretend as if they liked voting.(要点句)(3)The football player is rolling on the ground as if hurt badly in the leg.(要点句)词块、句式过关综合训练 .选词填空take over， be up to， c

27、onsist of， have problems with， take action， hang on， as well as， cut off， make up， come true1He wants to visit the Great Wall but it hasnt come_true yet.2He understands the business and can take_over when Im away.203The teacher asked her students to make_up sentences using the given words.4What will

28、 life consist_of on other planets?5If you have_problems_with your homework, dont hesitate to ask me for help.6It is_up_to you to decide when we will start.7He had his finger cut_off in an accident at work, which left him a painful memory.8It is high time we took/should_take_action to prevent the riv

29、er from being polluted.9Now hang_on a minute I cant really believe what you just said.10The organization encourages members to meet on a regular basis as_well_as provides them with financial support.完成句子1It_is_clear_that shopping online has affected our daily life now.很明显，现在网购已经影响了我们的日常生活。2We find_i

30、t_important_to_develop lowcarbon economy.我们发现发展低碳经济很重要。3They would_have_the_medicine_sent by rail from Beijing to Shanghai.他们将会把药品通过铁路从北京送到上海。4It_sounds_as_if they might have made a dreadful mistake.听起来他们似乎犯下了一个可怕的错误。.分步写作假设你叫李华，当今网络已经把世界变成了真正的“全球村” ，作为一名中学生，请你给某英文报社写一封信，就“网络对教育的影响”谈谈你的看法。内容包括：1益处；2

31、弊端；3你的建议。注意：1.词数 100 左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点21本写作属于应用文中谈观点的书信，时态为一般现在时，人称为第一人称。要点表达可以从下面四部分着手：一是点明主题介绍网络的影响；二是介绍网络对教育的好处；三是介绍其弊端；四是提出你的建议。要点表达要力求准确全面，避免跑题。要点 1：网络已经把世界变成了“全球村” 。The_Internet_has_transformed_the_world_into_a_global_village.要点 2：最明显的优点是网络课程选择范围广。The_most_obvious_advanta

32、ge_lies_in_the_wide_choice_of_online_courses.要点 3：缺点也是明显的。The_downside_is_also_noticeable.要点 4：我强烈建议应该在成年人的监管下使用网络。I_strongly_suggest_that_the_use_of_the_Internet_should_be_under_supervision_of_adults.第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼要点 1，可以补充内容 如它改变了我们生活的各个方面 及衔接句 我写信和大家分享网络的优缺点 ，可以使用现在分词作状语，as well as 等进行表达；要点

33、 2 是文章需重点拓展部分，可增加内容 如不管时间和空间，学习者可以找到适合自己需要的课程；学习方式很有效以至于获取知识更容易 ，表达时可使用 such . that .句型以及regardless of 短语；要点 3，表达太笼统，可补充内容 网络的半真半假性迷惑了自我控制力和判断力正在形成的青年人 ，表达时不妨使用定语从句，从而使内容更充实。拓展 1：网络已经把世界变成了“全球村” ，它改变了我们生活的各个方面，尤其是教育。(现在分词短语作状语)The_Internet_has_transformed_the_world_into_a_global_village,_altering_al

34、l_aspects_of_our_life,_especially_education.拓展 1：我写信和大家分享网络的优缺点。(as well as)I_am_writing_to_share_my_thoughts_on_its_positive_effect_as_well_as_the_negative_one.拓展 2：不管时间和空间，学习者可以找到适合自己需要的课程。(have access to, regardless of)Learners_can_find_courses_suitable_for_their_needs,_regardless_of_time_and_spa

35、ce.拓展 2：学习的方式很有效以至于获取知识更容易了。(such .that ., it is adj.for sb.to do sth.)22Learning_occurs_in_such_an_efficient_way_that_it_is_much_easier_for_people_to_gain_knowledge.拓展 3：伴随着个性化课程，网络呈现了半真半假，这些半真半假迷惑了自我控制和判断力正在形成的青年人。(that 及 where 引导的定语从句)Along_with_individualized_courses,_the_Internet_presents_halft

36、ruths_that_puzzle_the_young_minds_where_selfcontrol_and_judging_power_are_still_forming.第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡开头开门见山，用 here 引出下文；中间列举要点，主要用 as a result， however 等连接词作好衔接过渡；结尾添加 therefore 结束全文。Dear_Sir/Madam，The_Internet_has_transformed_the_world_into_a_global_village,_altering_all_aspects_of_our_life,

37、_especially_education.Here,_I_am_writing_to_share_my_thoughts_on_its_positive_effect_as_well_as_the_negative_one.The_most_obvious_advantage_lies_in_the_wide_choice_of_online_courses.Learners_can_find_courses_suitable_for_their_needs,_regardless_of_time_and_space.As_a_result,_learning_occurs_in_such_

38、an_efficient_way_that_it_is_much_easier_for_people_to_gain_knowledge.However,_the_downside_is_also_noticeable.Along_with_individualized_courses,_the_Internet_presents_halftruths_that_puzzle_the_young_minds_where_selfcontrol_and_judging_power_are_still_forming.Therefore,_I_strongly_suggest_that_the_u

39、se_of_the_Internet_should_be_under_supervision_of_adults.Yours，Li_Hua理清文体结构之(四) 应用文之通知通告抓标题及四大要素，比对定答案通知通告类应用文结构比较单一，但是信息含量丰富。通知常含有一个主标题，点明通知类型等相关信息，正文常常涵盖通知内容、时间、地点及人物四大要素，文章结尾常常带有一些特别提示。解答此类应用文的关键在于抓住命题敏感点即标题及文中四要素，然后迅速浏览题干，找出题眼，再到文章中寻找与之相关的要素，进而比对信息得出答案。23高考典例 2015全国卷A 篇抓标题及四大要素高考典例 2015全国卷A 篇 读文

40、解题技法主标题表明通知类型及地点首 段 告 知 起 始时 间 及 收 费副标题：时间 1内容 1 人 物 1副标题：时间 2内容 2 人 物 2副标题：时间 3内容 3 人 物 3副标题：时间 4内容 4 人 物 4具体联系方式Monthly Talks at London Canal MuseumOur monthly talks start at 19：30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you dont need to book. They end

41、 around 21：00.November 7thThe Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to

42、the education of that group of early “civil engineers”December 5thIce for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering. Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ic

43、e wells, and how Londons ice trade grew.February 6thAn Update on the Cotswold Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving 1.看主标题知通知类型由主标题得知英国的 London Canal Museum 要举行 monthly talks。2.读首段关注特别点阅读首段了解到monthly talks 的起始时间及收费情况。3.览副标题明层次结构4 个副标题为 4次 monthly talks的举行时间。4.分段速读标要素每个副标题下涵盖开讲时间、人物和内

44、容，标出这些要素，为后面解题做好铺垫。5.标出题眼找对应点在题干中找到题24towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.March 6thEyots and Aits Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames has many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them.

45、She will tell us about those of greatest interest.Online bookings: www.canalmuseum.org.uk/bookMore info: www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatsonLondon Canal Museum1213 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RTwww.canalmuseum.org.uk www.canalmuseum.mobiTel: 020 7713 0836眼，并在文中找到对应点，然后与标出的“要素”进行比对，便可得出答案。据题眼比对定答案21. is th

46、e talk on ？AFebruary 6th. BMarch 6th.CNovember 7th. DDecember 5th.22. is the topic of the talk in ？AThe Canal Pioneers.BIce for the Metropolis.CEyots and Aits Thames Islands.DAn Update on the Cotswold Canals.23. will give the talk on ？AMiranda Vickers. BMalcolm Tucker.CChris Lewis. DLiz Payne.答案 21.C 22.D 23.A21题眼 人物 1 副标题：时间 1，直接得出答案 定 位 比 对 2522题眼 时间 3 内容 3，直接得出答案 定 位 比 对 23题眼 内容 4 人物 4，直接得出答案 定 位 比 对