2020版高考英语一轮复习Unit15Learning单元话题语篇训练（每单元3练）北师大版必修5.doc

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1、1Unit 15 Learning课时练(一) 阅读理解组块专练练速度(限时：35 分钟).阅读理解A(2019福州期末考试)Here are some professions Americans consider to be the most honest.Maybe the rest of us can learn from what these people do to establish good relationships with others.MEDICAL DOCTORSJack Jacoub, Age: 44, Fountain Valley, CaliforniaI try

2、 to introduce myself in a pleasant way.I sit down; I dont stand.I make good eye contact with the patient and his or her family.Communication skills are key, as well as showing understanding and availability. For a physician, the single most rewarding thing is when someone who has seen your work choo

3、ses you.ENGINEERSChrissy Keane, Age: 41, Crofton, MarylandI dont know that being an engineer means you are automatically trustworthy.However, I do think that most engineers like to follow rules and be organized.They tell you what they think, whether you want to hear it or not.Those are important ele

4、ments in building trust.POLICE OFFICERSG. M. Cox, Age: 64, Fort Worth, TexasAs a police officer, I have the best interests of the people I serve in my heart and in my actions and Im going to treat everyone the same way.I always want to go up to people and speak to them with respect.Dont talk down to

5、 them.You have to establish and maintain that trust. Be equal!语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国人认为的最诚实的三个职业。1What does Jack Jacoub think important to do his job?ABeing communicative. BExperience.CSelfintroduction. DBeing openminded.解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Communication skills are key, as well as showing understand

6、ing and availability”可知，Jack Jacoub 医生认为，交2流沟通技巧在医生的工作中起着关键作用，故 A 项正确。2How does G. M. Cox treat people in his job?AStrictly. BCautiously.CEqually. DActively.解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“As a police officer .Im going to treat everyone the same way”可知，G.M.Cox 警官全心全意为人民服务，平等对待每一个人。C 项意为“平等地” ，故选 C 项。3What do

7、 the three people mentioned in the passage have in common?AThey are warmhearted.BThey deserve trust.CThey follow rules.DThey are good organizers.解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Here are some professions Americans consider to be the most honest”可知，本文介绍的是美国人认为最诚实的几个职业；结合文章第二段最后一句、第三段中的 trustworthy 以及第四段中的 trust

8、 可知，文中提到的三个人应受到人们的信任，故选 B 项。B(2019广州调研)Paloma sat at a computer in the school library. She stared at the blank screen and the blinking cursor. She rummaged around in her backpack for a rubber band, and then she pulled her hair into a thick ponytail. Paloma looked at the computer screen. It was still

9、 blank. She sighed and flipped through her notebook to reread the assignment Mr. Molina had given the class three weeks ago. It was due in just two days, and Paloma knew that she couldnt procrastinate any longer.Write a creative short story using an experience that you have had recently, Paloma read

10、. Your story should include two examples of figurative language.Paloma and her family had recently taken a trip along North Carolinas coast. They had visited four different lighthouses, and Paloma wondered what it would be like to live in a lighthouse. She knew that before lighthouses were automated

11、, they were run by a lighthouse keeper who lived on the premises. Paloma thought shed love to be a lighthouse keeper. Without thinking about it any longer, Paloma began to write the story.I sat with my cat Sadie curled on my lap and looked out the window at the crashing waves. The heavy rain beat ag

12、ainst my lighthouse like a thousand 3footsteps racing up and down the walls. I held Sadie closer, and she let out a small meow of displeasure. I knew that the coming storm could not be too dangerous if Sadie was still acting normally. I had read that animals can sense changes in weather and will see

13、k shelter from a tornado or hurricane. I was relying on Sadies calmness to get me through my first hurricane on the island.I knew that my lighthouse was sturdily built. It had survived more than one hundred years worth of hurricanes and tropical storms. There was no reason to believe that it couldnt

14、 survive another. I looked up at the staircase that spiraled above me and worried as I felt the tower sway slightly in a gust of wind.Paloma stopped and reread what she had just written. She smiled to herself in delight, saved her story, and then settled into her chair to continue writing. She wasnt

15、 sure what was going to happen next, but she knew that if she kept going, the story would continue to tell itself. Paloma couldnt wait to find out where it would take her.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了 Paloma 因完不成写作任务而苦恼不已时，她和家人的一趟旅行给了她写作的灵感。4Why is Paloma feeling anxious at the beginning of the passage?AShe has

16、nt much time left to do her writing task.BShe doesnt know the details of her writing task.CShe has completely forgotten about her writing task.DShe doesnt know what is wrong with her computer.解析：选 A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“reread the assignment Mr. Molina had given the class . she couldnt procrastinate any lo

17、nger”可知，Paloma 盯着空白的电脑一筹莫展，但 Mr. Molina 布置的写作任务的交稿日期即将到来，因此Paloma 不能再拖延了，故选 A 项。5What is the inspiration for Palomas story idea?AHer cat. BHer teacher.CHer trip. DHer dream.解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，Paloma 和家人最近去了北卡罗来纳州的海岸，他们参观了四个不同的灯塔，这趟旅行启发了她，于是她开始写与灯塔有关的故事，所以是 Paloma 和家人的这趟旅行给了她写作的灵感，故选 C 项。6In Pal

18、omas story, how does the lighthouse keeper decide if the storm is dangerous?4ABy listening to the weather report.BBy watching the crashing waves.CBy observing the cats behaviour.DBy measuring the movement of the lighthouse.解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“ I knew that the coming storm could not be too dangerous

19、 if Sadie was still acting normally. I had read that animals can sense changes in weather and will seek shelter”可知，如果即将到来的暴风雨不太危险的话，Sadie(猫)就会表现得比较正常，因为动物能预知剧烈的天气变化，并且做出应急反应。因此灯塔看守人能根据猫的行为判断暴风雨的危险程度，故选 C 项。7As described in the final paragraph, how does Paloma feel after she has written the first par

20、t of her story?AConfused. BExcited.CRelieved. DDetermined.解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“She smiled to herself in delight”(她高兴地笑了)和“Paloma couldnt wait to find out where it would take her”(Paloma 迫不及待地想看自己能写到什么程度)可知，Paloma 对自己写的故事很满意并且感到很兴奋，故选 B 项。C(2019呼和浩特调研)Feifei, an 11yearold boy from Xuzhou, Jiangsu Pr

21、ovince, suffered from a sudden acute eye disease which has almost led to blindness. The disease was caused by excessive (过度的) eye fatigue (疲劳) during the winter vacation, during which he played computer games for continuous 10 days and nights.Many youngsters in China nowadays are increasingly addict

22、ed to computer games and other electronic products. This is followed by a series of health problems, with the most typical case being myopia, or nearsightedness.According to the latest research report released by the World Health Organization (WHO), the myopia rate among Chinese teenagers ranks firs

23、t in the world 70 percent of high school and college students. The rate is nearly 40 percent in primary school students, while it is only 10 percent for their peers in the United States.There are at least 10 million people in China with severe myopia, and they are likely to get pathological (病理学的) m

24、yopia in middle age. Pathological myopia cant be treated with glasses or surgery, and it is one of the biggest 5factors that lead to blindness, Xu Xun, director of the ophthalmology (眼科学) department at Shanghai General Hospital, pointed out.Experts explain that two major factors lead to the high rat

25、e of myopia among Chinese people. One is high academic pressure, and the other one is excessive use of electronic devices over a long period of time. Genetics, on the other hand, is not the main reason, as only 20 percent of Chinese people had myopia in the 1960s.“Teenagers are now faced with severe

26、 academic pressure, which means they often study without natural light. This increases their risk of becoming nearsighted， ” Xu said.Experts suggest that youngsters maintain a proper balance between study and rest so as to protect their eyesight, and parents should play an active role in the process

27、.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了目前中国青少年近视的现状以及引起青少年近视的主要原因，最后提出预防近视的建议。8Why does the author mention Feifeis experience in the first paragraph?ATo advise people to protect their eyes.BTo introduce the topic of nearsightedness.CTo inform people of the cause of blindness.DTo show that Feifei developed an eye disea

28、se.解析：选 B 推理判断题。由全文可知，第二至七段都在讲青少年近视的问题，由此推测第一段的例子起到引出下文的作用。9What can be learnt from the passage?ANearsightedness may cause other health problems.BThere are more nearsighted students in the United States.C70 percent Chinese students in primary schools are nearsighted.DPathological myopia is most like

29、ly to cause blindness.解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Pathological myopia cant be treated with glasses or surgery, and it is one of the biggest factors that lead to blindness”可知，病理学的近视可能是致盲的最大因素之一。10Which of the following can be a main reason for myopia?AGenetics factors.BLow academic pressure.COveruse of ele

30、ctronic devices.6DReading in natural light.解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据第五段第二句“One . and the other one is excessive use of electronic devices over a long period of time”可知，近视的主要原因之一是长时间过度使用电子设备。11What will be probably discussed in the following paragraph?AThe significance of protecting eyesight.BYoungsters bad be

31、havior leading to myopia.CThe relationship between youngsters and their parents.DParents role in helping youngsters protect their eyesight.解析：选 D 推理判断题。文章最后一段提到专家建议，为保护青少年的视力，青少年需要在学习和休息之间保持平衡，并且家长在此过程中需要起积极的作用。由此可知，文章接下来将可能讨论父母在帮助孩子保护视力方面的作用。D(2019福州期末考试)Smile, youre on body camAs camera technology

32、 gets smaller and cheaper, it isnt hard to imagine a future where were all filming everything all the time, in every direction.Would that be a good thing? There are some obvious potential upsides.If people know they are on camera, especially when at work or using public services, they are surely les

33、s likely to misbehave. Another upside is that it would be harder to get away with crimes or to escape from blame for accidents.Body cam data could also create a legal minefield.Arguments over the truth and interpretation of police footage (影像) have already surfaced.Eventually, events not caught on c

34、amera could be treated as if they didnt happen.Alternatively, footage could be faked or doctored to avoid blame or do wrong to others.Of course, some people think that if youre not doing anything wrong, you have nothing to fear.But most people have done something embarrassing, or even illegal, which

35、 they regret and would prefer hadnt been caught on film.People already remove their social media feeds or avoid doing anything wrong in public for fear of damaging their reputation.The alwaysoncamera world could even threaten some of the qualities that make us human. We are natural persons who enjoy

36、 talking about other peoples private lives and while those might not be desirable behaviour, they oil the 7wheels of our social interactions. Once people assume they are being filmed, they are likely to keep silent.The argument in relation to body cam ownership is a bit like that for guns: once you

37、go past a critical threshold (临界点), almost everyone will feel they need one as an insurance policy.We are nowhere near that point yet but we should think hard about whether we really want to see lights, body cams and action.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。随着摄影技术的发展，无处不在的镜头开始影响着人们的生活，在镜头下，人们使用公共服务系统时将更加规范；犯罪者将难以逃脱罪责。但

38、是，由于影像资料可被伪造或窜改等，人们对摄影技术的使用有争议。12What does the underlined word “upsides” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AAdvantages. BRules.CShortcomings. DDangers.解析：选 A 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“If people know they are on camera .get away with crimes or to escape from blame for accidents”可知，如果人们知道自己在镜头下，则行为更加规范；犯罪者也将难以逃脱罪责。据此可以判断，该

39、处陈述的是摄影技术发展的好处，故 upsides 指“优点，有利的一面” ，故 A 项正确。13Why do people argue about police footage?APolice footage can show the truth.BEvents caught on footage are treated unfairly.CPolice footage could be changed on purpose.DFootage should not be filmed by police.解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Eventually, events not c

40、aught on camera could be treated as if they didnt happen.Alternatively, footage could be faked or doctored to avoid blame or do wrong to others”可知，没有被摄像机捕捉到的事件可以被视为没有发生；警方的影像资料也可以被伪造或窜改。据此可知，人们对警方的影像有争议的原因是警方的影像可以被窜改，故 C 项正确。14What does the author believe?APeople pretend to behave well with cameras

41、on.BPeoples private lives should be respected.CTalking about others private lives promotes social interactions.DPeople keep silent before cameras when talking about themselves.解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“We are natural persons who enjoy talking about other peoples private lives and while those might not be

42、 8desirable behaviour, they oil the wheels of our social interactions”可知，喜欢谈论别人的私生活虽然是不可取的行为，但这种行为是我们社会交往的润滑剂；据此可知，谈论别人的私生活促进了社会交往，故 C 项正确。15What is suggested in the last paragraph?AWe dont need a critical threshold.BWe should be cautious about adopting the body cam.CWe need the body cam as an insur

43、ance policy.DWe havent decided whether to take action.解析：选 B 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，body cam 是一把双刃剑，一旦超越一定的界限，则每个人都会感到安全受到了威胁；据此可以判断，我们应当谨慎使用body cam，故 B 项正确。.阅读七选五(2019沈阳质检)As a senior year student, you may have so many pressures coming from so many directions that you cant figure out what to do first._

44、16_When you have many things to do and a lot of demands on your time, you can lose sight of whats important. One of the best ways to see the big picture what you want out of life is to lay out your goals.Pressure points and how to deal with themConfused or overwhelmed _17_. Discuss your concerns wit

45、h a friend, parent or teacher. They may help you find solutions to your problems and worries.Dont be too hard on yourself ease up, take a break and do something you enjoy, daydream, read a book, go out with friends anything that helps you relax.Problems, problems, problems recognize your limits. Its

46、 too stressful to try to deal with all your problems at once. _18_.Goalsetting tipsIts important to remember that goals belong to you not to your parents, your teachers, or your friends. After youve set your goals, identify the skills you have to achieve those goals. _19_， do some research. Try the

47、library, your guidance adviser and teachers, and other people who could help you._20_.If your goal is something you no longer want, change it. Identify 9the barriers to getting your goals. Consider ways to overcome them. Dont get depressed by a big, longterm goal see what steps you can take to achie

48、ve it and set those steps down as shortterm, “doable” goals.AToo much to doBBalancing goals in lifeCGoals exist to serve youDTalk to someone you trustEIf youre not sure what skills youll needFAs long as you know what skill is important and what isntGChoose whats most urgent and set aside the rest un

49、til later语篇解读：本文为说明文，主要给毕业班的学生提出了面对诸多压力时应该先做什么的建议。16解析：选 B 分析空处位置可知，空处应为段落小标题。下文讲的是在你有很多事情要做，并且在时间上有很多要求时，你可能不清楚什么是重要的，顾全大局的最好办法之一是设计你的目标。由此可知 B 项“在生活中要平衡目标”符合语境。17解析：选 D 根据空后的句子“Discuss your concerns with a friend, parent or teacher”可知，该空处表示“和你信任的人交谈” ，所以选 D 项。18解析：选 G 根据空前的“recognize your limits. Its too stressful to try to deal with all your problems at once”可知，同时出现许多问题时，既然没有能力同时处理，那么应该先处理最需要处理的问题，然后再处理其