（浙江专版）2020版高考英语一轮复习Unit1Greatscientists讲义新人教版必修5.doc

《（浙江专版）2020版高考英语一轮复习Unit1Greatscientists讲义新人教版必修5.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《（浙江专版）2020版高考英语一轮复习Unit1Greatscientists讲义新人教版必修5.doc（24页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、1Unit 1 Great scientists一、单词表词汇全查验运用多媒体，提问默写词汇.阅读词汇(英译汉)第一屏听写1characteristic n 特征；特性2radium n. 镭3analyse vt. 分析4physician n. 医生；内科医师5outbreak n. 爆发；发作(尤指疾病或战争)6victim n. 受害者7enquiry n. 询问 第二屏听写8neighbourhood n 附近；邻近9pump n. 泵；抽水机vt. (用泵)抽(水)10firework n. 烟火(燃放)11chart n. 图表12backward adv._it is a fa

2、ct of college life, today and in the past.72.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.所以每次爆发霍乱时，都有成千上万惊恐的人死去。every time 作连词，引导时间状语从句。每次我们野营，妈妈都会读一本书或者唱一首柔和的歌。(201711 月浙江高考写作) Every_time_we_camped,_Mom would read a book or sing a soft song.3.Only if you put the sun

3、there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。“only状语(从句)”位于句首时后面的主句需用部分倒装。只有当我们用正确的方式处理并克服大量困难，我们才会实现我们的梦想。Only if we deal with and overcome large numbers of difficulties in a correct way will_we_achieve_our_dreams考点新组合 阅读微技能At yesterdays confere

4、nce, quite a few suggestions were put forward on how to make more profits in the competitive world.Our manager stressed that it is being fully devoted to ones work that contributes to ones success， which I think makes sense in our daily life.To conclude, we are supposed _ (spare) no effort to realiz

5、e our dream.1.用同义短语替换：came_up。2.句中画波浪线部分为强调句型。3.处应填入动词的正确形式为 to_spare。1.contribute vt. keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.In_no_sense_should_you_lose_heart;_keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.(倒装句)考点新组合 阅读微技能Black was severely ill because of _ (expose) to a deadly virus.A

6、fter all the attempts to cure him _ his disease, the experts announced that the virus was defeated but he needed attending for a week before he was fully recovered.It was said that mosquitoes carrying the virus were to blame.1.处应填词的正确形式为 being_exposed。2.在处填入适当的介词：of。3.处 before 意为：在之前。5expose vt.暴露；揭

7、露；使曝光；使面临(1)expose .to . 暴露给；使接触expose oneself to .使自己面临；使自己暴露于(2)be exposed to 遭受到；(使)接触到多角练透 单句语法填空Some people think we shouldnt expose the children to playing (play) computer games.Being_exposed (expose) to strong sunlight will do harm to your skin.If exposed (expose) to the outside surroundings,

8、 theyll be stronger and better prepared for their future. 句型转换She has the courage to expose herself to the dangers.She has the courage to be_exposed_to the dangers.名师指津 及物动词 expose 后若无宾语，则常常使用它的被动形式；在 expose .to .以及 be exposed to 结构中，to 为介词，其后要用名词、代词或动名词作宾语。116cure n治愈；痊愈 vt.治愈；治疗a cure for . 针对的治疗(

9、法)cure sb.of sth. 治愈某人的疾病/改掉某人的恶习等题点全练 介词填空Professor Wang said the reason of shortsightedness is complicated and that there is still no excellent cure for it.The fresh air and exercise cured him of his sleeplessness, which made him feel relief.辨析比较 cure, treatcure强调结果， “治疗，治愈” ，其后可直接加疾病或用于 cure sb.o

10、f sth.结构treat强调过程， “治疗” ，常用搭配：treat ones疾病或 treat sb.for疾病 选用上述单词填空The doctor treated her headache with the best medicine, but did not cure her of the disease.7attend v照顾；护理；出席；参加练牢基点 写出下列句中 attend 的含义The patients are well attended in the hospital.照顾；护理You know, my uncle Li Ming is going to the city

11、 where you live to attend an international meeting.出席；参加系统考点attend a meeting/a lecture/school参加会议/听讲座/上学attend (on/upon) sb. 照顾某人；伺候某人attend to 处理；对付；接待(顾客)；专心；注意练通重点 补全句子She was praised for having_attended_on/upon her sick motherinlaw for over thirty years.她伺候生病的婆婆三十多年，受到人们的称赞。He offered to go and

12、attend_to the matter.他主动提出来去处理那件事。8blame vt.责备；谴责；把归咎于 n.过失；责备12(1)blame sb.for sth./doing sth. 为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事blame sth.on sb. 把某事归咎于某人be to blame (for) 应(为)承担责任；应(为)受责备(2)put/lay the blame for sth.on . 将某事归咎于多角练透 对比填空(for/on)She blamed her husband for the failure of their marriage.She blamed the

13、failure of their marriage on her husband.She laid the blame for the failure of their marriage on her husband. 补全句子I am_not_to_blame_for my laziness, mum.Im what you have made me.妈妈，你不该责备我懒惰。我这么懒也是你娇惯出来的。名师指津 be to blame 短语中 blame 不能用被动形式，该短语为主动形式表示被动含义。考点新组合 阅读微技能Li Pings English teacher is very str

14、ict with her and he often encourages her to read some English articles every day, neither too long nor too short.And in this way, Li Ping has absorbed a lot from reading.Every time Li Ping attends the English speech contest, he always instructs her patiently.With the help of her teacher, Li Ping has

15、 made rapid progress.When _ (face) with difficulties and challenges, she never gives up.1.把中画波浪线部分翻译成汉语：长短适宜。2.处连词 Every time 在句中引导时间状语从句。3.处应填词的正确形式为 faced。9absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心；理解(1)absorb .from . 从中吸收absorb .into . 把吸收入absorb oneself in . 专心于；全神贯注于13(2)absorbed adj. 全神贯注的(be) absorbed in . 全神贯注于多角

16、练透 单句语法填空Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air and moisture from the soil.It takes a few minutes to absorb alcohol into the bloodstream.Absorbed (absorb) in his work, he simply forgot to have supper and sleep. 一句多译一缕微弱的光线从墙上的小孔中透过来，他专心致志于读书中。(2015福建高考书面表达)A weak ray of light came in through a sm

17、all hole in the wall and he absorbed_himself_in_his_reading.A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he was_absorbed_in_his_reading.联想发散 be absorbed in (doing) sth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式 absorbed in .。类似的结构还有：be lost in . 陷入；专心致志于be caught in . 被困在be buried in . 埋头于be devoted

18、 to . 致力于；专心于be occupied in . 忙于be involved in . 专注于10instruct vt.命令；指示；教导(1)instruct sb.to do sth. 命令某人做某事instruct sb.in (doing) sth. 指导某人(做)某事(2)instructive adj. 指示性的；有教育意义的instruction n. 指导；指示；用法说明多角练透 单句语法填空With the teacher instructing (instruct) them, the students have made great progress in En

19、glish.You must read the instructions (instruct) before taking the medicine.14 一句多译这些学生需要一位老师来指导他们绘画。The students need a teacher to instruct_them_to_paint.The students need a teacher to instruct_them_in_painting.11challenge n挑战 vt.向挑战(1)face the challenge 面临挑战accept/take up a challenge 接受挑战(2)challen

20、ge sb.to sth. 向某人挑战某事challenge sb.to do sth. 向某人挑战做某事(3)challenging adj. 具有挑战性的多角练透 单句语法填空I want to challenge him to a game of basketball.Teaching young children is a challenging (challenge) and rewarding job.Every design is a new challenge. I set higher standards for myself every day, and I strive

21、to be the best at what I do. 补全句子Many Chinese brands, having developed their reputations over centuries, are_facing_new_challenges_from the modern market.(2017江苏高考)很多享有几百年盛誉的中国品牌，现在正面临着来自现代市场的新挑战。名师指津 challenge 本身已含有“向；对”的意义，因而不要再加多余的 to。向某人挑战Error!12neither .nor .“既不也不”Neither its cause nor its cur

22、e was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。(1)neither .nor .连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近一致原则。Neither the teacher nor the students are (be) content with the result.这位老师和学生们都对这个结果不满意。Neither my wife nor I myself was (be) able to persuade my daughter to change her mind and finally she joined in the game.

23、我妻子和我本人都没能说服女儿改变主意，最终她参加了这个比赛。(2)遵循“就近一致原则”的其他并列连词：15either .or . 不是就是not only .but also . 不仅而且not .but . 不是而是Not only John and Tom but also their sister, Mary, takes (take) great interest in the piano lessons now.现在不仅约翰和汤姆，而且他们的姐姐玛丽也对钢琴课非常感兴趣。Either you or one of your students is (be) to attend the

24、 meeting that is due tomorrow.要么是你或者你的一名学生将要出席明天的会议。13every time 引导时间状语从句So many thousands of terrified people died every_time there was an outbreak.所以每次爆发霍乱时，都有成千上万惊恐的人死去。 名 词 词 组 作 连 词 用 ， 引 导 时 间 状 语 从 句 的 还 有 ： 1 由 time构 成 的 名 词 词 组 ： each time， the first/last time， next time， any time等 。 2 the

25、瞬 间 名 词 ： the minute， the instant， the moment等 ， 意 为 “一 就 ”。Something is learned every/each_time a book is opened.开卷有益。The_first_time he came to the city, he decided to settle there.他第一次来到那个城市，他就决定在那里安家。You are welcome to come back any_time you want to.你什么时候想回来，我们都欢迎。单元语基落实.单句语法填空1We have discussed

26、the problem many times, but still couldnt come to a conclusion (conclude)2His son is very naughty and has formed some bad habits.I think he should cure him of them.3Mark is a cautious (caution) shopper who always does some careful 16research on the market before he buys something valuable.4It was_an

27、nounced (announce) that our team took the first place.5I tried to follow the instructions (instruct), but I got confused.6They invited all their relatives to_attend (attend) their wedding.7Mary was_rejected (reject) by the university she applied to last year.8Apart from its low price, the advantage

28、of this car lies in its good quality.9Only after I read the poem a second time did I make sense of it.10He put forward his proposal at that meeting, to which we all agreed.11He got so absorbed (absorb) in reading that he was unaware of things happening round him.12It is so challenging (challenge) a

29、job that I cant finish it on my own.13Neither he nor his parents have (have) seen the film.14(2018江苏高考)Some social app companies were to_blame (blame) because they didnt adequately check their users registration.15To be honest, as a teacher, you should be strict with your students in all aspects.根据提

30、示词和相关要求补全句子1(2017全国卷满分作文)我确信它会吸引你，因为你一直热衷于体育运动。(enthusiastic)Im sure it will appeal to you, for_youve_been_enthusiastic_about_sports.2把小事做好有助于增强我们的自信心并帮助我们迎接未来更大的挑战。(contribute)Doing small things well contributes_to_building_up_our_confidence and helping us meet bigger challenges in the future.3我是一名

31、中国学生，我打算在假期去英国参加一个暑期学习班。(attend)I am a student in China and I plan to go to Britain to_attend_a_summer_school during the vacation.4每当看到这张老照片，我就会想起我中学时的同桌。(every time)Every_time_I_see_the_old_photo,_I will think of my deskmate in middle school.5只有用这种方法我们才能为我们的家庭和社会做出贡献。(部分倒装)Only in this way can_we_m

32、ake_a_great_contribution/great_contributions_to 17our family and our society.句型转换/一句多译1It was reported that it was the drivers carelessness that led to the traffic accident.It was reported that it was the drivers carelessness that contributed_to the traffic accident.2If you go out, who will look aft

33、er the baby?If you go out, who will attend_to the baby?3如果年轻人每天都处于嘈杂的音乐的影响中，他们很可能有变聋的危险。Young people may risk going deaf if they are_exposed_to_very_noisy_music every day.(expose)If exposed_to_very_noisy_music every day, young people may risk going deaf.(省略句)Being_exposed_to_very_noisy_music every d

34、ay makes it possible for young people to risk going deaf.(动名词作主语)4汤姆专心于工作，忘记了通知她会议时间。Tom was so absorbed_in_his_work that he forgot to inform her of the time for the meeting.(absorb)So_absorbed_was_Tom_in_his_work that he forgot to inform her of the time for the meeting.(so .that .的倒装句)Absorbed_in_h

35、is_work,_Tom forgot to inform her of the time for the meeting.(过去分词短语作状语)5他把考试失败归咎于老师。He_blamed_the_failure_of_his_exam_on_the_teacher.(blame .on)He_blamed_the_teacher_for_the_failure_of_his_exam.(blame .for)He_put/laid_the_blame_for_the_failure_of_his_exam_on_the_teacher.(blame n)高考拆组训练阅读理解组块专练练速度(

36、限时：30 分钟).阅读理解AOnce a man needed a new pair of shoes. This man was very good at math. He knew that in order to get shoes that fit very well, it would be necessary to 18measure his foot size correctly.So, before he went to the market, he carefully measured his feet and drew a very detailed picture of

37、 his feet on a piece of paper. Then before leaving the house, like a good mathematician, he rechecked his picture.It was a very long way from the mans home to the market. It was past midday when the man arrived at the market. When the man reached the shoe stall, he realized that he had forgotten to

38、bring his paper. He turned around and walked all the way back home to get it.It was nearly sunset when the man returned to the market. There he found the market was closing. The shoemaker had packed up all of his shoes. “Foolish man， ” the shoemaker said to the man when he was asked to unpack his go

39、ods to make a sale. “Why did you not just try on the shoes？”The man hung his head shamefully, saying, “I guessed there was only one way to solve my problem. I should have checked with others for another solution that might have worked as well or better than my own.”The above short story works well w

40、ith school students and also teachers. Dont try to solve a problem with a single point of view; there may be many other ways of solving the same problem.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过一则短篇故事告诉我们：一个问题往往不只有一种解决办法。1Before the man went to the market, he _.Aasked others for some adviceBknew well about his foot sizeCm

41、easured his old shoes carefullyDdrew a pair of shoes on a piece of paper解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“So, before he went to the market, he carefully measured his feet and drew a very detailed picture of his feet on a piece of paper.”可知，在去集市之前，那位男子仔细地测量了自己的脚的尺寸。2The shoemaker considered the man to be _.Astupi

42、d BstrangeCclever Dinteresting解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据第四段中鞋匠说的“Foolish man”可知，鞋匠认为那位男子很愚蠢。3What does the author want to show by telling the story?19AWe should learn math very well.BIts necessary to ask for help at times.CWe should think carefully before we act.DThere is more than one way to solve a problem.解

43、析：选 D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Dont try to solve a problem with a single point of view; there may be many other ways of solving the same problem.”可知，作者讲述这个故事是想告诉我们：一个问题往往不只有一种解决办法。B(2019丽水模拟)Eight years before his death in 1896, Alfred Nobel was surprised to read an obituary (讣告) in the local newspaper.This w

44、as a strange obituary, for it told Alfred Nobel, the man who was reading it, that he was dead.The newspaper had confused Alfred with his brother, Ludvig, who had recently died.Nobel was shocked to read that he had passed away, and he was even more annoyed by the title of his obituary： Themerchantofd

45、eathisdead.Alfred was a very rich and successful armaments manufacturer (武器制造商)This incident got him thinking about his reputation.What would people think of him after his real death? Would they really say “That was a man who profited from killing”？ It was this thought that led him to leave his mone

46、y a huge amount of it for the founding of the famous Nobel prizes.His aim was for his money to be used to support the ongoing quest (追求) for excellence in the sciences and literature, and the ideal of peace.Thousands of men and women have been honored since the first awards were given out in 1901.Th

47、e awards let the world know about the developments that may have a huge effect on our lives.However, the prizes are controversial sometimes.There is often protest (抗议) at the award of the Peace Prize when not everyone thinks that the awardwinners deserve the award.Even the award for literature has s

48、ometimes been criticized because the award committee often neglects important writers. The highly influential novelists James Joyce and Marcel Proust, for example, were never honored by the Swedish Academy.Still, for the most part the awards dont cause many complaints.Alfred Nobel founded the prizes to recognize those who have had “the greatest benefit to mankind” and few would disagree that most of the prizewinners among 20them, Albert Einstein and Martin Luther King Jr. have made contributions that d