2019届高考英语二轮题海特训营（8）阅读理解推理判断四.doc

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1、1阅读理解-推理判断四1、 The U.S. Department of Labor statistics (统计) show that there is an oversupply of college-trained workers and that this oversupply is increasing. Already there have been more than enough teachers, engineers, physicists, aerospace experts, and other specialists. Yet colleges and graduate

2、 schools continue every year to turn out highly trained people to compete for jobs that arent there. The result is that graduates cannot enter the professions for which they were trained and must take temporary jobs which do not require a college degree. On the other hand, there is a great need for

3、skilled workers of all sorts: carpenters, electricians, mechanics, plumbers, TV repairmen. These people have more work than they can deal with, and their annual incomes are often higher than those of college graduates. The old gap that white-collar workers make a better living than blue-collar worke

4、rs no longer holds true. The law of supply and demand now favors the skilled workmen. The reason for this situation is the traditional myth that college degree is a passport to a prosperous future. A large part of American society matches success in life equally with a college degree. Parents begin

5、indoctrinating (灌输) their children with this myth before they are out of grade school. High school teachers play their part by acting as if high school education were a preparation for college rather than for life. Under this pressure the kids fall in line. Whether they want to go to college or not

6、doesnt matter. Everybody should go to college, so of course they must go. And every year college enrollments (入学) go up and up, and more and more graduates are overeducated for the kinds of jobs available to them. One result of this emphasis on a college education is that many people go to college w

7、ho do not belong there. Of the sixty percent of high school graduates who enter college, half of them do not graduate with their class. Many of them drop out within the first year. Some struggle on for two or three 2years and then give up.1.Its implied but not stated in the passage that _ .A.many ot

8、her countries are facing the same problemB.white-collar workers in the US used to make more money than blue-collar workersC.fewer students will prefer to go to college in the futureD.the law of supply and demand has a strong effect on American higher education2.Which of the following is NOT a reason

9、 why college enrollments go up every year?A.Many people believe that the only way to success is a college education.B.Many parents want their children to go to college.C.High school teachers urge their students to go to college.D.Every young man and woman wants to go to college.3.By saying that“many

10、 people go to college who do not belong there”, the author means that _ .A.many people who are not fit for college education go to collegeB.many people who do not have enough money go to collegeC.many people who go to college drop out within the first yearD.many people who go to college have their h

11、opes destroyed4.We can infer from the passage that the author believes that _ .A.every young man and woman should go to collegeB.college education is a bad thingC.people with a college education should receive higher payD.fewer people should go to college while more should be trained for skilled job

12、s2、 American cities are similar to other cities around the world. In every country, cities reflect the values of the culture. American cities are changing, just as American society is changing.3After World War , the population of most large American cities decreased; however, the population in many

13、Sun Belt cities increased. Los Angeles and Houston are cities where population shifts(转移) to and from the city reflect the changing values of American society. In the late 1940s and early 1950s, city residents(居民) became wealthier. They had more children so they needed more space. They moved out of

14、their apartments in the city to buy their own homes. They bought houses in the suburbs(郊区).Now things are changing. The children of the people who left the cities in the 1950s are now adults. Many, unlike their parents, want to live in the cities. They continue to move to Sun Belt cities and older o

15、nes of the Northeast and Midwest. Many young professionals are moving back into the city. They prefer the city to the suburbs because their jobs are there; or they just enjoy the excitement and possibilities that the city offers.This population shift is bringing problems as well as benefits. Countle

16、ss poor people must leave their apartments in the city because the owners want to sell the buildings or make apartments for sale instead of for rent. In the 1950s , many poor people did not have enough money to move to the suburbs; now many of these same people do not have enough money to stay in th

17、e cities.Only a few years ago, people thought that the older American cities were dying . Some city residents now see a bright, new future. Others see only problems and conflicts. One thing is sure: many dying cities are alive again.1.What does the author think of cities all over the world?A.They ar

18、e alive.B.They are hopeless.C.They are similarD.They are different.2.Why did American city residents want to live in the suburbs after World War ?A.Because older American cities were dying.B.Because they were richer and needed more space.4C.Because they contained the worst parts of society.D.Because

19、 they could hardly afford to live in the city.3.According to the 4th paragraph,a great many poor people in American cities .A.are faced with housing problemsB.are forced to move to the suburbsC.want to sell their buildingsD.need more money for daily expenses4.We can conclude from the test that .A.Am

20、erican cities are changing for the worseB.people have different views on American citiesC.many people are now moving from American citiesD.the population is decreasing in older American cities3、 Apple announced its new iPhones last week, but competitors mobile phones can do many of the same things f

21、or less money.The new iPhone 8 and X have wireless charging, edge-to-edge glass screen and double cameras. But all of these features are already available in smart phones from Chinas Huawei and Oppo, and Koreas Samsung. While Apple asks buyers to pay $1,000 for its high-end model, some Asian phone m

22、akers can offer similar features for less.At one time, Chinese manufacturers copied features and designs from others to produce low-cost phones. But they have now added high-end features to their phones and they control nearly half the global mobile phone market.Media MarktSaturn is Europes biggest

23、electronics seller. A spokesperson for the store told Reuters that, “Huawei is seen as a relevant competitor to Apple and Samsung by covering all major price points and placing big investments in marketing and sales. She also said that the Chinese companies Huawei, ZTE, Lenovo and TCL were among the

24、 top-10 best-selling smart phones in its stores.5Chinese manufacturers fast growth has been fueled by strong sales in China. But they now export 40 percent of their smart phones. That is almost double the number from just three years ago, according to the Hong Kong investment company CLSA.Huawei is

25、currently the worlds third largest phone maker behind Samsung and Apple. According to research companyCanalys, the Chinese company is getting closer to second-place Apple and might overtake it later this year. Huawei plans to show its top-of-the-line Mate 10 phone on Oct. 16. The phone will have art

26、ificial intelligence features such as instant translation and image recognition and will cost less than $1,000.1.What is the text mainly about?A.Smart phones manufacturers.B.Apple smart phones features.C.Asian phone makers fast growth.D.Competition among Asian phone makers.2.Which is NOT among the t

27、op 3 phone makers in the world?A.TCL.B.Samsung.C.Apple.D.Huawei.3.What do we know from the text?A.Huewei will have overtaken Apple by later 2017.B.Chinese makers phones with high-end features cost less.C.The top-10 smart phones are to enter the high-end competition.D.40 percent of Asian smart phones

28、 are exported now.4.What is the writers attitude towards Asian phone makers?A.Doubtful.B.Concerned.C.Optimistic.D.Uncertain.64、 Operating the largest private foundation (私人基金会) in history, Bill and Melinda Gates make decisions that influence millions of lives. But they deal with problems very differ

29、ently.For example, they agreed that too many children die needlessly from diarrhoea(腹泻). But when it came to how to prevent it, their opinions were different. While her husband read a lot about vaccines (疫苗) , Melinda Gates had been travelling and visited areas where poor people live in India.When s

30、he returned,she said,“I dont know what it is, but theres something in clean water and sanitation (公共卫生).” And Bill said,“ OK,Melinda, I dont even have time to read in that space. Tell me what you know.That conversation led to a new focus on water and sanitation. Since 2006, they have given more than

31、 $US200 million toward those efforts.The foundations work is always a part of her familys life,even on holiday. This year,over the spring break,they took their three children to the Amazon in Brazil. There,she spoke about the advantages of a service to allow people to send money by mobile phones, af

32、ter seeing the success of such a program in Kenya.Melinda believed its a way to help her children “ know what goes on in their backyard,so they understand what its like for kids who dont have enough money to do what they do.”When asked what made her and her husband establish a foundation to help oth

33、ers, she pointed to her family background. Both she and her husband came from families who encouraged social services.Melinda has an MBA and degrees in computer science and business from Duke University. She met Bill Gates shortly after going to work at Microsoft. By the time they married in 1994,sh

34、e had already persuaded him to become active in philanthropy(慈善事业).“We talked about how this wealth will go back to society before we got 7married,”she said. “ That seems like the right thing to do if youre a rich person. ”1.At the beginning, Bill Gates wanted to deal withdiarrhoea by_. A.providing

35、clean waterB.developing vaccinesC.offering clean foodD.improving sanitation2.We can infer Melinda Gates brought her children to Brazil this year because_.A.she wanted her children to help sick kids inB.razilB.her children wanted to enjoy the spring break abroadC.she wanted her children to value what

36、 they haveD.her children hadnt visited Brazil before503.According to the text,Melinda Gates_.A.operates the foundation on her ownB.visited Kenya to help prevent diarrhoeaC.persuaded Bill Gates to practice philanthropyD.donated $US200 million to help poor people in Brazil4.What is the best title for

37、the text?A.A rich family that is always ready to help othersB.How rich people influence others livesC.Children in poor areas need a handD.The largest private foundation5、 Each country and culture has its own set of public holidays and festivals. While some of these holidays and festivals like Christ

38、mas and New Year are common across the world, there are many more holidays that are unknown outside of national borders.1. Blessed Rainy Day8Life in a country where it rains a lot can be hard. In Bhutan, Blessed Rainy Day is the holiday marking the end of the monsoon season(雨季). On this day,everyone

39、 is encouraged to enjoy a bath out of the house to wash away bad luck.2. Melon DayTurkmenistans Melon Day is a celebration of their national fruit. It takes place on the second Sunday in August. Thousands of mouth-watering melons were given away in the heat of the Turkmen capital Ashgabat on Sunday

40、to celebrate Melon Day.3. “Punch Your Neighbor” FestivalThe cities of Potosi and Macha in Bolivia hold the festival in the Bolivian Andes Mountains in May every year. It s celebrated by thousands of people and its based on the Quechua word “Tinku” that means “meeting”. The meaning of the word has be

41、come worse as it now is celebrated with beatings that can actually really hurt people.4. Haxey HoodThe Haxey Hood game in England has a big group of people trying to push a small leather tube towards one of the four pubs(酒馆) in town,where it will stay until the following years game. Once a person ha

42、s the tube, he cannot run with it or throw it. He has to pass it on to people on his team. The game usually lasts a few hours.1.How do people celebrate Blessed Rainy Day?A.By taking a shower in the bathroom.B.By playing outdoors in the rain.C.By throwing water on others.D.By taking a bath outdoors.2

43、.Where would you go if youre interested in the festival in honor of a kind of fruit?A.To Bhutan.B.To Turkmenistan.9C.To Bolivia.D.To England3.What can we learn about the festival held in Potosi and Macha?A.It is hated by most people in those two cities.B.It is the most interesting festival in that c

44、ountry.C.It can be dangerous for those who take part in it.D.It is meant to encourage neighbors to love each other.4.What should people do in the Haxey Hood game?A.Run with a leather tube.B.Push each other forward.C.Try to win a drink at a pub.D.Pass a leather tube towards a pub.6、 There are many di

45、fferences between British English and American English. I used to teach a course about the differences between the two. We speak English on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean but we have many differences in our common language. We have examples of the same words having very different meanings, differe

46、nt spellings of the same words as well as completely different words for the same things. Here are some examples.A cookie in the US is called a biscuit in the UK. A biscuit in the US is a small cake in the UK. Crisps in the UK, are known as chips, but we British people eat a plate of chips that you

47、call fries in the US. In the UK, a pie can be made from either meat or fruit, while in the US pies are normally made from fruit; pot pies are made from meat. Most things are measured in grams and kilograms in the US, not pounds and ounces.One very obvious difference is the side of the road we each c

48、hoose to drive on. Petrol in the UK is gas in the US. The place where we fill up our cars, in the UK, is a garage; while in the US, its a gas station. The term garage is also used as a place to store your car next to or close by your house. In the UK we call a lorry what is known as a truck in the U

49、S. An elevator in the US is 10called a lift here, and the first floor in the US is called the ground floor here, so many visitors get off on the wrong floor in British hotels.I could continue with this. There are countless examples of differences within our one shared language. With so many differences, no wonder its hard to understand each other well.1.The passage is mainly about the differences between British English and American English in_.A.spellingB.grammarC.soundD.vocabulary2.Its