2019高考英语阅读理解专题选编（12）（含解析）.doc

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1、12019高考英语阅读理解专题选编（12）李仕才AIn 1959, when Jean Harper was in the third grade, her teacher gave the class an assignment to write a report on what they wanted to be when they grew up.Jeans father was a crop dusting pilot in the little farming community in Northern California where she was raised, and Jea

2、n was very interested in airplanes and flying. She poured her heart into her report and included all of her dreams. She wanted to be a crop dusting pilot, make parachute jumps(跳伞), and be an airline pilot. Her paper came back with an “F“ on it. The teacher told her it was a “fairy tale“ and that non

3、e of the occupations she listed were womens jobs. Jean was devastated and humiliated.One day in her senior year of high school, her English teacher Mrs Dorothy Slaton gave the class an assignment. “If you had unlimited money, unlimited access to the finest schools, and unlimited talents and abilitie

4、s, what would you do?“ Jean felt a rush of her old enthusiasm, and with excitement she wrote down all her old dreams. The teacher leaned forward over her desk and said, “You do have unlimited abilities and talents. When you leave school, if you dont go for your dreams, no one will do it for you. You

5、 can have what you want if you want it enough.“The hurt and fear of years of discouragement went away because of what Mrs Slaton had said. Jean felt excited and a little scared. She stayed after class and went up to the teachers desk. Jean thanked Mrs Slaton and told her about her dream of becoming

6、a pilot. Mrs Slaton half rose and slapped the desk top. “Then do it!“ she said.So Jean did. It didnt happen overnight. It took her 10 years of hard work. It wasnt in Jeans nature to stand up for herself when someone refused or humiliated her. Instead, she would quietly try to find another way.She be

7、came a private pilot and then flew planes as a co-pilot (副驾驶员). In 1978, she became one of the first three female pilot trainees ever accepted by 2United Airlines and one of the only 50 women airline pilots in the nation at that time. Some years later, Jean Harper became a Boeing 737 captain for Uni

8、ted Airlines.1.When Jean Harper was in the third grade, _.A.it was common for women to be airline pilotsB. her father advised her to be a pilot like him in the futureC. she was unsure about what she wanted to be when she grew upD. she was deeply hurt by her teachers comment on her dreams2.What was M

9、rs Slatons reaction when she learned about Jean Harpers dream?A. Encouraging Jean to do what she wanted to.B. Offering Jean as much help as she could.C. Persuading Jean to give up her dream.D. Making Jean aware of all the possible difficulties.3.What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. How Jean Ha

10、rper achieved her flying dream.B. Jean Harpers great achievements in flying.C. The hardships Jean Harper experienced when trying to be a pilot.D. Jean Harpers determination to pursue her dream.4.What gave Jean Harper enough strength and faith to pursue her dream?A. Her fathers influence on her.B. Mr

11、s Slatons support.C. Her decision to stand up for herself.D.A teachers humiliation when she was in the third grade.【文章大意】本文是一篇人物传记，介绍了 Jean Harper如何在英语老师的鼓励下，实现了当一名飞行员的梦想。1.D 【解析】细节理解题。由第二段中的“Jean was devastated and humiliated“和第四段中的“The hurt and fear of years of discouragement“可知答案为 D。33.B 【解析】段落大意

12、题。最后一段主要讲述了 Jean Harper在飞行方面的成就，所以答案为 B。4.B 【解析】推理判断题。文中提到的 Jean Harper的两位老师，一位打击她的梦想，让她几乎对此丧失信心；另一位老师给她无限的信心，让她相信自己，坚持追寻梦想，所以答案为 B。B(2015辽宁五校联盟第一次联考)As globalization continues to make the world a smaller place，and goods become more accessible across borders，concerns about food safety in the AsiaPac

13、ific region have steadily risen over the years.An APEC forum is being held in Beijing，to find ways to better address the problem.156 participants from 19 APEC economies and 4 nonAPEC members attended the APEC Food Safety Cooperation Forum，which has been actively looking for ways to strengthen food s

14、afety standard in the region，without affecting trade.“As consumers are faced with more varieties of food，the potential food safety risk also becomes bigger.This forum has helped APEC economies to cooperate in supervision (监督)，exchange information，and improve the overall food safety standard in the A

15、siaPacific region， ” said director of Chinas General 4Administration of Quality Supervision Wu Qinghai.For the first time the forum has brought together highlevel regulators，academics，and industry stakeholders to talk about their respective roles in safety supervision.They say governments alone cann

16、ot shoulder this heavy duty.In China，the continuous food safety problems have greatly hurt consumersconfidence in domestic products；therefore more turned to imports.However，problems related to quality of those imported goods also began to show.In July this year，more than 400 batches (批) of food impo

17、rted from 35 countries and regions were found substandard by the countrys top quality supervisor.Governments and industries have been brought closer by this forum.As food moves more freely beyond borders，this forum is hoped to promote safety control cooperation，so APEC members can better benefit fro

18、m the economic integration(经济一体化)1What kind of function can the forum play?AIt has greatly influenced the economy in the area.BIt has long been able to put every sides efforts together.CIt helps to bring government regulators and industries together.DIt has found ways to deal with safety problems.2T

19、he last but one paragraph tells us that _Athe Chinese customers are more satisfied with their food safety5Bfood imported from other countries is indeed high in qualityCmany Chinese customers would rather buy some foreign foodDthere are only 35 countries and regions exporting food to China3The underl

20、ined word “address” in the first paragraph can be replaced by “_”Asend a letter aboutBdeal withCdeliver a speech onDcall off4According to the article，which of the following statements is WRONG?APeople can buy foreign food more easily than ever.BThe more varieties of food，the bigger the potential foo

21、d safety risk.CFood safety problems have appeared many times before this forum.DGovernments have started their cooperation with academies and industries before this forum.【解题导语】 通过 APEC论坛，各国之间将更加密切地合作，食品安全问题将得到更有效的监管和处理，各成员国都会从中受益。1解析：选 C。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“the forum has brought together highlevel regula

22、tors，academics，and industry stakeholders to talk about their respective roles in safety supervision”可知，应选 C项。2解析：选 C。细节理解题。根据第五段中的“the continuous food safety problems have greatly hurt consumersconfidence in domestic products；therefore more turned to imports.However，problems related to quality of th

23、ose imported 6goods also began to show”可知，连续的国内食品安全问题伤害了消费者的信心，他们更加愿意买进口产品，但是进口食品的质量问题也开始显现，即 C项正确，A、B 项错误；文中第五段的最后一句表示来自 35个国家和地区的超过 400批次的进口食品不达标而非只有 35个国家和地区向中国出口食品，故 D项错误。3解析：选 B。词义猜测题。根据全文大意可知，各国通过 APEC论坛加强合作，积极寻求更好的方法来解决食品安全问题。由此可推知，B 项“处理，解决”与 address含义相近。4解析：选 D。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“and goods becom

24、e more accessible across borders，concerns about food safety in the AsiaPacific region have steadily risen over the years”可知，A、C 项表述正确；根据第三段中的“As consumers are faced with more varieties of food，the potential food safety risk also becomes bigger.”可知，B 项表述正确，D 项与第四段的第一句不符，故选 D项。C阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C

25、和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. Brain-computer interface(BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.Recently, two researchers, Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic sch

26、ool in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated（展示）a small robotic wheelchair directed by a persons thoughts.In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right band. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.“our brain has

27、 billions of nerve ceils. These send signals through the spinal cord （脊髓）to the muscles to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles,” Tavella says. “Our system allows disabled people to 7communicate

28、with external world and also to control devices.”The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras t

29、hat identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain. Prof. Millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands. “The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to

30、 disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices. One example is this wheelchair.”He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit front. And the other is to guarantee that they c

31、an use the technology over long periods of time.1.BCI is a technology that can A. help to update computer systems B. link the human brain with computersC. help the disabled to recover D. control a persons thoughts2. How“ did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory?A. By controlling his musc

32、les. B. By talking to the machine.C. By moving his hand. D. By using his mind.3. Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?A. scalp computer cap wheelchairB. computer cap scalp wheelchairC. scalp cap computer wheelchairD. cap compute scalp wheelchair4. The team wi

33、ll test with real patients to A. make profits from them B. prove the technology useful to themC. make them live longer D. learn about their physical condition5. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. Switzerland, the BCI Research Center8B. New Findings About How the Human Bra

34、in WorksC. BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the DisabledD. Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries【文章大意】科普说明文。本文介绍了 BCI脑机接口技术，它是帮助残疾人向机器输送指令。【参考方案】1-5、BDCBC键词应该出现在标题中，选 B。D(2015沈阳质量检测一)When Shakespeare was twentyone，he went to London，a very interesting place，to try his fortune.There was th

35、e famous London Bridge and St.Pauls Cathedral，and palaces and markets and long streets full of shops.Then，too，there were the daily crowds where could be seen people from all over the world.Knights，scholars and highwaymen (拦路强盗) or thieves who had been infamous for their clever robberies，passed by ea

36、ch other.Here，also，were noblemen dressed in gold，from Italy，Spain and France；slaves from Spanish America，sea captains and ministers，soldiers and 9servantsall held by chances or interests within the gray walls which circled London，and whose gates gave welcome to as strange a crowd as could be found i

37、n the world.Into this curious crowd came Shakespeare，quick to see and eager to learn.And before long all these strange sights were as familiar to him as the faces of his own towns residents.Each one told its story to him so plainly that，as before he had learned the secrets of the fields and woods，so

38、 now he learned men and mens interests that make up the great world.And he learned these lessons so well that when he came to write his plays，he made such use of them as no writer ever made before or since；for it is the use of this knowledge of the world，combined with his own genius，that makes Shake

39、speare the greatest dramatist that has ever lived.1What was London like in Shakespeares eyes when he first went there?ADirty and small. BStrange and interesting.CInfamous and terrible.DFamiliar and modern.2Which of the following best describes Shakespeare?AShakespeare got inspiration to write from h

40、is hometown, London.BShakespeare was eager to make friends with the noblemen in London.CShakespeare was good at observing and learning from the daily life.DShakespeare became the greatest dramatist owing to his own genius.103What does the underlined word “one” in Paragraph 5 refer to?ACrowd. BSight.

41、CFace. DResident.4The passage probably comes from_Aa poster Ba textbookCan advertisement Dan announcement【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了莎士比亚到伦敦后的经历，他很快适应了那里的生活，并把自己所观察到的事情融入自己的创作中。1解析：选 B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“a very interesting place”和第五段中的“all these strange sights”可知，在 Shakespeare的眼中，伦敦是一个有趣而陌生的城市，即 B项正确。2解析：选 C。推理判断题。根据第

42、五段可知，Shakespeare 来到伦敦不久之后，通过观察和学习了解了伦敦，并适应了那里的生活，由此可推断出，Shakespeare 擅长观察日常生活并从中学习，故 C项正确。3解析：选 B。词义猜测题。画线词后的“as before he had learned the secrets of the fields and woods”的意思为“正如他以前所学到的田野和树林的秘密那样” ，根据这句话可知，one 指的是像田野和树林一样的景象，故 B项正确。4解析：选 B。推理判断题。本文主要讲述了莎士比亚到伦敦的经历，所以这篇文章最有可能出现在一本教材中，故 B项正确。E阅读下列短文, 从给

43、的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。Do you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someones life?If yes，dont care about sex or age！Come and join us，then youll_make_it!Position：Volunteer Social Care Assistant (No Pay with Free Meals)Place：Manchester11Hours：Part TimeWe are now lo

44、oking for volunteers to support people with learning disabilities to live active lives！Only 4 days left.Dont miss the chance of lending your warm hands to help others!Role：You will provide people with learning disabilities with all aspects of their daily lives.You will help them to develop new skill

45、s.You will help them to protect their rights and their safety.But your primary concern is to let them know they are valued.Skills and Experience Required：You will have the right values and great listening skills.You will be honest and patient.You will have the ability to drive a car and to communica

46、te in fluent written and spoken English since youll have to help those people with different learning disabilities.Previous carerelated experience will be a great advantage for you.1The text is meant to _.Aleave a noteBsend an invitationCpresent a documentDcarry an advertisement2What does the underl

47、ined part mean?AYoull make others lives more meaningful with this job.BYoull arrive home just in time from this job.CYoull earn a good salary from this job.DYoull succeed in getting this job.3The volunteers primary responsibility is to help people with learning disabilities _.Ato get some financial

48、supportBto properly protect themselvesCto learn some new living skillsDto realize their own importance4Which of the following can first be chosen as a volunteer?AThe one who can drive a car.BThe one who has done similar work before.12CThe one who has patience to listen to others.DThe one who can use

49、 English to communicate.答案：【语篇解读】 本文是一则广告。广告中招募志愿者，帮助智障人，让智障人意识到他们的重要性。1D 解析：考查推理判断。从文中 Position，Place，Hours，Role 以及 Skills and Experience Required的相关信息可知，短文为广告。2A 解析：考查句意理解。从文章中的“Do you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someones life”以及第二段中的“If yes，dont care about sex or age！Come and join us, then youll_m