2019版高考英语Unit22EnvironmentalProtection夯练（含解析）北师大版选修8.doc

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1、1Unit 22 Environmental Protection李仕才一、阅读理解。Following the crowd may not always be in a persons best interest.But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults.Scientists have known that close friendships help boost health.Thats true for both teens an

2、d adults.The finding inspired Joseph Allen，a psychologist at the University of Virginia，and his team to study whether experiences during teen years would influence adult health.So they followed 171 teens，starting when the kids were just 13.They interviewed each one every year for five years，and also

3、 spoke to these teens closest friends，who provided additional information about the quality of their friendships.The same 171 people were interviewed again at ages 25,26 and 27.This time, the questions surveyed each persons overall health.When the researchers analyzed the data，they found a strong co

4、nnection between a teens behavior and adult health.Teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults.Whether teens held back their feelings or expressed them to close friends also influenced later health.Those who held back their feelings were more likely to be sick as adults.The connec

5、tion held up even after the scientists accounted for other possible influences on health.Weight，family income and drug use were all examined.So were mental health issues，such as anxiety and depression.And in these people，such other factors did not explain adult health as well as teen friendships did

6、.Getting along with the crowd may have benefits，says Allen，but there are also drawbacks.Teens who are more independent tend to do better at school and work.And peer pressure may lead some kids to engage in risky behavior，such as smoking，drinking or using drugs.Dealing with it is an ongoing challenge

7、，Allen acknowledges.“Finding the right balance is the key.Teens shouldnt lose heart for not finding this easy.”And，he adds， “Parents need to be understanding about the pressures teens face.”1Where can you probably read this passage?AScience fiction.BHealth column.2CFashion magazine.DEntertainment ne

8、wspaper.2We can learn from Allens study that _.Amany other factors have a greater influence on adult health than teen friendshipsBmental health issues have nothing to do with adult healthCthe same 171 teens were interviewed each year from 13 to 27Dthe teens who couldnt express themselves grew up to

9、be unhealthy3According to what Allen said，we can know that _.Ain order to do better at school，teens should not follow the crowdBthough its challenging for teens to deal with peer pressure，they should not give upCteens will engage in smoking，drinking or using drugs when facing peer pressureDparents s

10、hould understand their teens and stop them going with friends4What can be inferred from the passage?AThere is nothing bad for teens to follow the crowd.BClose friendships are the most important for peoples health.CTeen friendships may help teens become healthier adults.DAdult health is only influenc

11、ed by teen friendships.【解题导语】研究表明，与朋友较少或者没有朋友的青少年相比，有朋友的青少年在长大后更健康。当然，与朋友相处也有坏处。1B 考查推理判断。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍青少年时的友谊对青少年成年后健康的影响。据此可知，本文属于健康知识类文章，故可判断，本文可能选自“健康专栏” ，故B项正确。2D 考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Whether teens held back.sick as adults”可知，青少年是否向他们的好朋友表达情感也会影响到其成年后的健康，那些压抑情感的青少年成年后很可能不健康。故 D项正确。3B 考查细节理解。根据最后一段内容可

12、知，与朋友相处使得青少年在成年后更加健康的同时也会带来不利影响，即周围同龄人带来的压力，这些压力会导致许多问题。分析Allen的话“Finding the right balance is the key.Teens shouldnt lose heart for not finding this easy”可以判断，青少年要应对这些压力，找到正确的平衡点是关键，不能因为很难找到平衡点就灰心丧气。故选 B。4C 考查推理判断。根据文章第一段第二句“But new research suggests that 3teens who get along with their friends may

13、 end up healthier as adults”可知，与朋友相处的青少年在成年后会更加健康。C 项意为“青少年时期的友谊会帮助青少年成为更加健康的成年人” ，符合文章意思，故 C项正确。根据最后一段第一句“Getting along with the crowd may have benefits，says Allen，but there are also drawbacks”可知，与朋友相处有好处，但是也有一定的缺点，故 A项与文意不符；B 项错在“the most” ，D 项错在“only”，都太过于绝对。二、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式

14、。(2017江西师大附中、临川一中联考)The British have many traditions but there is nothing more quintessential(典型的) than taking afternoon tea.We know the Brits have a love affair with drinking tea, 61._ more than 160 million cups drunk every day, but it was the invention of afternoon tea that turned tea drink into 6

15、2._ popular pastime.This sociable feast involves drinking good quality tea 63._(comfort) while nibbling(小口吃) on nice sandwiches, scones with jam and cream and a selection of small cakes.And, of course, it can only happen in the afternoon！Afternoon tea, which 64._(design) as a light snack to bridge t

16、he gap between lunch and dinner, dates back to the 1840s.It went on to become a 65._(fashion) social occasion for the upper classes.Now there is a resurgence(复苏) in its 66._(popular) in the UK and it is available to anyone who can afford it.67._ it can be enjoyed at home, the best way to experience

17、it is at a smart hotel or caf.But if youre thinking of visiting such a place 68._(enjoy) a plate of sweet and savory treats with a steaming hot brew, remember the rules you must follow to avoid 69._(ask) to leave.Writer Henry James once noted that “there are few hours in life more agreeable than the

18、 hour dedicated to the ceremony known as afternoon tea”Im sure once you 70._(try) it, you will agree.【解题导语】 本文讲述的是英国最经典的传统下午茶以及它在英国的发展和影响。61with 解析：考查介词。此处是 with宾语过去分词的用法， 作伴随状语。62a 解析：考查冠词。pastime“娱乐； 消遣”是可数名词， 此处表示泛指， 且 popular以辅音音素开头， 所以前面要用不定冠词 a。63comfortably 解析：考查词性转换。drinking 是动词， 后面要用副词4comf

19、ortably修饰。64was designed 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。Afternoon tea和 design是被动关系， 再结合后面的“要追溯到 19世纪 40年代”可知，此处要用一般过去时的被动语态，故填 was designed。65fashionable 解析：考查词性转换。occasion 是名词， 前面要用形容词修饰， 所以此处填 fashionable。66popularity 解析：考查词性转换。its 是形容词性物主代词， 后面要跟名词popularity。67Although/Though/While 解析：考查连接词。 “it can be enjoyed at

20、 home”和“the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel or caf”在意思上是转折关系，所以此处要用表示让步的 Although/Though/While。68to enjoy 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式表目的。69being asked 解析：考查非谓语动词。avoid 后面跟 v.ing, 此处应该是“避开被要求” ， 所以要用 being asked。70have tried 解析：考查时态。句意：我相信一旦你(已经)尝试了， 你就会赞成的。根据句意可知， “尝试”的动作会产生“赞成”的结果， 所以这里用现在完成时

21、。三、短文改错。假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改 10处，多者(从第 11处起)不计分。(2017潍坊 4月模拟)One day, an old man was returning home after shopping.Suddenly, a bag of waste fell

22、in the sky, nearly hitting him on his head.He was greatly frightening by the unexpected incident.Dropped the things he had bought to the ground, he ran away rapidly.What dangerous it was.Obviously, the accident caused by a careless neighbour living highly in an apartment.It was that person who was t

23、o blame for.Every one of us should behave politely and think more about other.Only when we each behaved properly can our society be changed into a pleasing one.答案：One day, an old man was returning home after shopping.Suddenly, a bag of 5waste fell the sky, nearly hitting him on head.He was greatly i

24、nfrom histheby the unexpected incident. the things he had bought to the frighteningfrightened DroppedDroppingground, he ran away rapidly. dangerous it was.WhatHowObviously, the accident caused by a careless neighbour living highlyhighin an apartment.It was that person who was to blame .Every one of

25、us should forbehave politely and think more about .Only when we each properly otherothers behavedbehavecan our society be changed into a pleasing one.四、七选五。根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。In high school, its important to stay healthy. 1 How can you study well if youre sick? So you should p

26、ay attention to your health in order to study well in high school. In order to enjoy good health, you should have some good habits. Here are some tips for you. Drink water regularly every day. Some students dont like drinking water. They only drink water when they are extremely thirsty. 2 You should

27、 drink water regularly so that your body and brain can function well. Avoid sport drinks and soda when you are thirsty. They are not good for your health. 3 Some students dont eat three meals a day. No matter what happens, you should not skip any meal of the day. Eating regularly helps keep your met

28、abolism(新陈代谢)high and keeps your energy up. Its especially important to eat a good breakfast every day with protein, carbohydrates(碳水化合物), and fiber to set up your body for the day of activity. If you dont eat, how can you stay focused in class? Eat the right foods. Some students eat whatever they c

29、an get. This is wrong. 4 Choose whole grains like rice and whole wheat flour. Skip muffins, donuts, and other processed foods. Instead, choose whole grains, protein, fruit and vegetables. 65 If you do that, you can get distracted. Therefore, you may not pay attention to how much you are eating. You

30、may eat too much. Eating too much harms your health. And you may gain too much weight because of it. Try to eat slowly so your brain sends the right signals to tell your belly that its full. A. Dont skip meals. B. This is bad for your health. C. Eat a good breakfast every day. D. Avoid eating too mu

31、ch at one time. E. Dont watch TV or movies when you eat. F. If you are unhealthy, you may fall ill easily. G. You should eat the foods that are good for your body. 【文章大意】本文主要讲述高中生如何保持健康的话题。1. 【 解析】 选 F。考查词汇复现。空格前谈到“高中时期健康很重要”, 空格后又指出“如果你病了怎么能学习好呢? ”, 故 F项“如果你不健康, 你就可能很容易生病。 ”承上启下, 故选 F。2. 【解析】选 B。考查

32、意义对等。空格前谈到, 有些学生只在口渴时才喝水, 空格后指出了正确的喝水方式(应该有规律地喝水), 故前面那种“口渴时才喝水”的做法不利于健康, 故选 B。3. 【 解析】 选 A。考查意义对等。本段内容谈论的是一日三餐的好处, 而且根据空格后“Some students dont eat three meals a day. No matter what happens, you should not skip any meal of the day. ”可推知, 选 A“不要不吃饭” 。4. 【解析】选 G。考查词汇复现。空格前谈到, 一些学生吃任何他们能买到的东西, 这是错误的, 故

33、G项“你应该吃对你的身体有好处的食物。 ”承接上文, 故选 G。5. 【解析】选 E。考查意义对等。联系下文的“If you do that, you can get distracted. (如果那样做, 会分散你吃饭的注意力)”可知, 空格处应该是分散注意力的事情, 故选 E项“吃饭时不要看电视或电影” 。五、书面表达。(2017石家庄高三调研)假定你是李华。近日收到美国朋友 Nancy的邮件，说她下周六晚上 7点在市图书馆报告厅作题为“美国风俗与文化”的讲座，邀请你来观摩。请给她写封回信，要点如下：71婉拒邀请；2陈述理由；3表达感谢。注意：1.词数 100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使

34、行文连贯。Dear Nancy，Im so glad to receive your invitation_Yours，Li HuaOne possible version：Dear_Nancy，Im_so_glad_to_receive_your_invitation to your lecture in the city library.Id very much like to learn something about American customs and culture, but a friend of mine is coming to pay me a visit, and s

35、ince this is the first time he has come here, I will have to meet him at the railway station at 7 pm.next Saturday.Its really a pity that I cant make it to communicate with you face to face, and Im sorry for that.Anyway, Im fairly grateful to you for the kind invitation.If there is another chance in future, I will try every possible means to learn from you.Yours，Li_Hua