2019年高考英语一轮抓纲务本模块5Unit2Theenvironment（含解析）牛津译林版.doc

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1、1Unit 2 The environment李仕才一、阅读理解。Have you ever been given something you dont like or that doesnt fit，but you dont want to hurt the feelings of the person who thinks about you？Youre not alone.Everyone has received an unwanted gift at least once in his or her life.That doesnt mean the item is bad or u

2、seless.It simply means that it doesnt work for you.If you find yourself with something nice but that doesnt fit into your lifestyle，consider regifting it.Before you do that，make sure you understand the manners of this practice that is more and more common as people find it difficult to make ends mee

3、t to a great extent.There are specific things you should do to an item.Failure to do any of them may create an awkward situation.You never have to lie about what you are doing，but you dont want to be in the position of having to explain anything.For example，remove the original wrapping paper and rew

4、rap it in your own way；make sure the box is in good condition so the item doesnt appear used；check the item and make sure there are no cards or names on the packaging；inspect the item and make sure it is in excellent condition.When you get ready for regifting，consider having a white_elephant gift ex

5、change for your next celebration.This removes all the embarrassment of being caught regifting because thats the whole purpose of the event.In order to prevent hurting feelings，provide everyone with a guest list and ask them not to bring anything given by the people on that list.1Why does the author

6、begin the passage with a question?ATo share a hot phenomenon.BTo introduce the following part.CTo ask for readers answers.DTo point out a common opinion.2What most contributes to the growing regifting?APeoples lack of money.BPeoples dislike of the gifts.CPeoples reduced desire for gifts.2DPeoples un

7、derstanding of its manners.3Whats mainly talked about in Paragraph 3?AWhat to do before regifting.BHow to make use of unwanted gifts.CWhat kind of gifts to be regifted.DWhy regifting can cause embarrassment.4What does the underlined phrase in the last paragraph mean?ASuitable but valueless.BExpensiv

8、e and useful.CPackaged and invaluable.DNice but unsuitable.【解题导语】本篇文章是说明文，讲述怎样转送不喜欢或者不太适合自己的礼物。【难句分析】In order to prevent hurting feelings，provide everyone with a guest list and ask them not to bring anything given by the people on that list.分析：这是一个复杂的简单句。In order to prevent hurting feelings 是目的状语；过去

9、分词短语 given by the people on that list作 anything的后置定语；provide everyone with a guest list and ask them not to bring anything是由 and连接的两个并列祈使句。译文：为了防止伤害感情，(你)可以向每位客人提供一张宾客名单，且要求他们不要带任何名单上的人已经送过的礼物。1B 考查推理判断。第一段点出了文章主旨，首句采用设问句是为了引出全文的话题“Everyone has received an unwanted gift.It simply means that it doesn

10、t work for you”，从而引出下文，所以选 B。2A 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“this practice that is more and more common as people find it difficult to make ends meet to a great extent”可知，转送礼物变得越来越常见是因为人们发现在很大程度上实现收支平衡很难，故选项 A“人们缺钱”正确。3A 考查段落大意。通读第三段可知，该段首句为段落中心句，指出对于一件将被转送的礼物你有几件具体事情要做，故选项 A“在转送礼物之前该做什么”与中心句意思最接近，所以选 A。B 项意为“怎么充

11、分利用不想要的礼物” ；C 项意为“什么类型的礼物可以转送” ；D 项意为“为什么转送礼物可能引起尴尬” 。这三个选项与该段主题不符，故排除。4D 考查词义猜测。根据第二段首句“If you find yourself with something nice but that doesnt fit into your lifestyle，consider regifting it”并结合第3三段内容可知，要转送的礼物应是很好的但不适合自己的，所以 D选项正确。white elephant意为“昂贵而无用之物” 。二、单项填空1.After a long _, the bill was pass

12、ed by the House of the Commons.A. argue B. debate C. discuss D. quarrel【答案】B【解析】 argue 争论， 争吵， 讨论； debate(正式的)辩论， 讨论， 常以表决结束； discussion 讨论， 议论； quarrel争吵。debate 指在公众集会或会议上的辩论或讨论，通常以表决的方式结束。句意：经过长时间的辩论，那项议案被下议院通过了。2.It is my _ to check that all doors and windows are locked after everybody leaves .A.

13、 doubt B. poster C. responsibility D. evidence【答案】C【解析】doubt 怀疑；poster 海报；responsibility 责任；evidence 证据。句意：在大家都离开后，我们有责任检查门窗有没有锁好。3.Surely there is a better way to manage the _ that arise when humans and their domestic animals move intoareas that have long served as habitat for wildlife.A. concepts

14、B. conflicts C. consequences D. credits【答案】B【解析】concepts 概念；conflicts 冲突；consequences 后果，结果；credits 信誉，信用，金融贷款，荣誉，学分。句意：当然，当人类带着他们的家畜，搬到长久以来一直属于野生动物栖息地后所产生的冲突，应该有更好的方法去解决。4.I realized strength and courage arent always _ in medals and victories, but in the efforts we make.4A. measured B. praised C. t

15、ested D. increased【答案】A【解析】be measured in 用来衡量。句意：我意识到力量与勇气并不总是以奖牌和胜利来衡量的，而是用我们付出的努力来衡量的。故选 A。5.This factory produced much dirty water, which resulted in a wide _ of environmental problems.A. branch B. range C. species D. wave【答案】B【解析】branch 部门；range 范围；species 物种；wave 波浪。a range of 一系列。句意：这家工厂产生了大量

16、的污水，导致了一系列的环境问题。6.I appreciate _ the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.A. giving B. to give C. being given D. to be given【答案】C【解析】句意：两年前得到在你的公司工作的机会，我对此非常感激。appreciate 表示“感激” ，其后通常接动名词作宾语，而且动词 give 与其逻辑主语为被动关系。7.In recent years, in many Western countries, _ in the USA and the UK, Hal

17、loween has become a specialoccasion.A. in general B. in brief C. in short D. in particular【答案】D【解析】句意：近年来，在许多西方国家，尤其是在美国和英国，万圣节前夕已经成为一种特殊的场合。in general 总的说来，通常；in brief 简言之；in short 总之，简而言之；in particular 尤其，特别。8.Water can _ and release a lot of heat without big changes in temperature ， thus creating

18、 a stableenvironment.5A. take B. absorb C. adapt D. adopt【答案】B【解析】take 带走；absorb 吸收；adapt 适应；adopt 采用。句意：水可以吸收和释放大量的热量而不发生大的温度变化，从而创造一个稳定的环境。9.Now not only are many businessmen willing to cut back on the production of vehicles，but the public also reducethe use of cars.A. cut off B. cut down C. cut u

19、p D. cut back on【答案】D【解析】cut off 切断；cut down 砍倒；cut up 切碎；cut back on 削减。句意：现在不仅很多商业界人士乐意减少车辆的产量，公众也减少汽车的使用。10.The people in the war area have _ food. They are in a very difficult situation.A. run out B. used up C. been run out of D. been used up【答案】B【解析】run out 用完，耗尽；use up 用完，耗尽；因为这里是人做主语，所以用完某物不用

20、被动语态；useup sth.=run out of sth：某人用完某物。故选 B 项。句意：战区的人们已经用完了食物，他们的处境很难。11.There were so many people in the hall then that I could hardly _ my sister.A. bring out B. turn out C. pick out D. call out【答案】C【解析】bring out 使显露；turn out 结果是；pick out 辨认；call out 大声叫喊。句意：当时大厅里有那么多的人，我几乎分辩不出谁是我的妹妹了。12.Smiling, m

21、ore often than not, is a good way to avoid any possible _ in 6our daily life.A. explanation B. debate C. fault D. conflict【答案】D【解析】explanation 解释；debate 辩论；fault 错误；conflict 冲突。句意：在我们的日常生活中，微笑通常是一种能避免任何可能的冲突的好方式。13.According to the World Health Organization, air pollution is _ millions of deaths eve

22、ry year.A. original from B. suitable for C. accessible to D. responsible for【答案】D【解析】original from 来源于；suitable for 适用于；accessible to 可接近的；responsible for 为负责，形成的原因。句意：根据世界卫生组织的调查，空气污染每年会导致数百万人的死亡。14.The slow economic growth over the past two years seems to have worsened the situation for migrant wo

23、rkersand increased employee-employer conflicts _ payment of salaries.A. with B. for C. to D. over【答案】D【解析】conflict over sth.关于的冲突。句意：过去两年缓慢的经济增长速度似乎已经恶化了民工的处境，同时也增加了劳资双方薪酬支付方面的冲突。15.He sold me the car at a cheap price and gave away the radio _.A. for a change B. for my part C. for good measure D. fo

24、r a song【答案】C【解祈】for good measure 附加的，额外的，符合句意；for a change 为了改变一下，为了换个口味；for mypart 就我而言；for a song 廉价。句意：他廉价将车卖给我，而且额外赠送了这台收音机。16.What is the cost of the MP5 here?Well, the prices _ from $ 100 to $ 500.7A. increase B. range C. reach D. different【答案】B【解析】答句句意：价格在 100 美元到 500 美元之间。range from.to.在和之间

25、变化，符合题意。17.Few things feel better than receiving sincere praise and _ from someone else, for it can give you a strongsense of achievement and build up your confidence.A. appreciation B. criticism C. permission D. response【答案】A【解析】appreciation 欣赏，感激；criticism 批评；permission 许可；response 回应。句意：很少有比受到别人表

26、扬和欣赏感觉更好的事情了。因为这可以给你到来强烈的成就感并可以建立你的信心。18.Youd better learn more about table manners, because the British are rather _ about it.A. responsible B. casual C. particular D. upset【答案】C【解析】responsible 负责的；casual 随意的；particular 特别的，挑剔的，详细的；upset 沮丧的。句意：你最好多学点餐桌礼仪，因为英国人对此尤为讲究。be particular about 对很认真/讲究。三、完

27、形填空。My mother was a gift giver. The occasion never 1 Christmas, birthdays, anniversaries or no occasion at all.She was always thinking about who might 2 what. Creativity and 3 went into the gifts she gave, and she 4 a thankyou note. Once she sent out notes to her own children and grandchildren who h

28、ad not acknowledged gifts, 5 that they were now on her “Fecal Roster(黑名单)” and would not be removed 6 she had received a proper thank you.8Even if you didnt 7 a thank you, shed give you another gift the next 8 she had.She figured 9 manners were your problem, not hers.Every time Mom and Dad 10 to vis

29、it, all of us would gather in the driveway as they unloaded luggage. There was always something for the kids, 11 a couple of little toys or a big 12 of homemade cookies. They werent gifts for particular occasions. They were 13 “Isnt life great？” gifts.One spring when they came to visit, she handed m

30、e a 14 bag. Inside was a painting that 15 ：“A Special Daughter. Youve 16 laughter and joy to our lives and so much love to our hearts. The most precious things we can 17 for you are the things you have given us. 18 and Love.”Mom was a 19 gift giver, but the best gifts we will always remember were he

31、r love for 20 and her love for us.【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的母亲喜欢给别人赠送礼物来表达自己的爱意。她用自己的行动表达了爱，传播了生活的美好。1A.mattered BoccurredCvaried DaroseA 解析：根据空后的“Christmas, birthdays, anniversaries or no occasion at all”可知，母亲的给予是不分场合的，即给予的场合不重要。故 A项符合语境。2A.wonder BpraiseCenjoy DapproveC 解析：根据该句“She was always thinking

32、 about who might what”并结合常识可知，送礼物要根据别人的喜好，所以作者的母亲会想别人喜欢什么。故选 C项。3A.thoughtfulness BsympathyCjustice DauthorityA 解析：根据“She was always thinking about who might what”和空前的“Creativity”可知，作者的母亲经常思考，所送的礼物既要有新意又要很体贴。thoughtfulness 意为“体贴，关切” ；sympathy 意为“同情” ；justice 意为“公平” ；authority意为“权威” 。故选 A项。4A.ignored

33、 BappreciatedCpromised Dresisted9B 解析：根据第一段的第一句可知，作者的母亲是一个给予者；结合该句中的“Creativity and went into the gifts she gave, and she a thankyou note”可知，她很欣赏感谢便条。故 B项正确。5A.assuming BabusingCstating DcorrectingC 解析：根据该句中的“Once she sent out notes to her own children and grandchildren who had not acknowledged gift

34、s， that they were now on her Fecal Roster(黑名单) ”可知，有一次她给收到礼物却没有表达感谢的孩子和孙子(女)发了纸条，纸条上说他们现在在她的“黑名单”上。assume 意为“假设” ；abuse 意为“滥用” ；state 意为“陈述，说明” ；correct 意为“纠正” 。故选 C项。6A.once BafterCwhen DuntilD 解析：根据该句中的“she had received a proper thank you”并结合上文可知，母亲不会将孩子们(的名字)从“黑名单”上删除，直到她收到一句谢谢。故选 D项。7A.send Bpur

35、chaseCconduct DobtainA 解析：根据上文可知，作者的母亲送礼物的时候，希望得到一句谢谢。send 意为“发送” ；purchase 意为“购买” ；conduct 意为“进行” ；obtain 意为“获得” 。故选 A项。8A.moment BchanceCfestival DholidayB 解析：根据第一段中的第二句中的“Christmas, birthdays, anniversaries or no occasion at all”可知，不只是在节假日，母亲在很多情况下都会准备礼物；结合该句中的“shed give you another gift the next

36、 she had”可知，她会在下一次有机会时赠给你另一件礼物。B 项意为“机会” ，符合语境。9A.mistaken BbadCsilly DridiculousB 解析：她认为没有礼貌是你的问题，而不是她的问题。得到礼物不回谢应该是没有礼貌的行为，故 B项符合语境。10A.walked by Bwandered around10Cdrove over Drode awayC 解析：根据空后的“all of us would gather in the driveway as they unloaded luggage”可知，作者的父母是开车过去的。drive over 意为“驱车前来” ，符

37、合语境，故选 C项。11A.often BalwaysCnever DseldomA 解析：根据该句中的“There was always something for the kids”及下文可知，他们总是给孩子们带一些东西，通常是一些小玩具或者是自制的饼干。故选 A项。12A.tank BcageCcontainer DholderC 解析：根据该句中的“a couple of little toys or a big of homemade cookies”及常识可知，饼干是放在盒子之类的容器(container)里的。tank 意为“(贮放液体或气体的)箱” ，cage 意为“笼子” ，

38、holder 意为“持有者” ，均不符合语境。故选 C项。13A.fairly BapparentlyCespecially DsimplyD 解析：根据该句和前一句“They werent gifts for particular occasions.”可知，它们不是为特殊场合而准备的礼物，只是(simply)关于“难道生活不美好吗？”的礼物。 “Isnt life great？” gifts 可以理解为“彰显生活美好的礼物” 。故选 D项。14A.cookie BtoyChand DgiftD 解析：一个春天，当作者的父母来拜访时，母亲递给作者一个礼物包。结合第一段中的“My mother

39、 was a gift giver.”可知，这里指“礼物包” 。故选 D项。15A.read BtoldCwrote DappearedA 解析：根据空后的“A Special Daughter. Youve.and Love.”并结合该句可知，礼物包里面是一幅画，画上写着下文中的几句话。read“写着” ，符合语境。16A.showed BawardedCdevoted DbroughtD 解析：此处表示，你为我们的生活带来欢笑和快乐，对我们的爱如此之深。由常识11可知，此处表示孩子为父母带来欢声笑语。故选 D项。17A.apply BwishCrecommend DaskB 解析：根据该句

40、中的“The most precious things we can for you are the things you have given us”可知，父母希望子女得到的是子女给予他们的，即欢声笑语和爱。故选 B项。18A.Assistance BPrivilegeCHappiness DSatisfactionC 解析：根据上文中的“Youve laughter and joy to our lives and so much love to our hearts.”及空后的“Love”并结合选项可知，孩子可以为父母带来幸福和爱。assistance意为“援助” ；privilege

41、意为“特权” ；happiness 意为“幸福” ；satisfaction意为“满意” 。故选 C项。19A.extreme BseriousCgrand DgreatD 解析：根据本文第一句“My mother was a gift giver.”并结合上下文可知，母亲是一个极好的礼物赠送者。故选 D项。20A.life BkidsCfamilies DgiftsA 解析：根据该句中的“but the best gifts we will always remember were her love for and her love for us”可知，此处表示我们永远记得她给的最好的礼物是

42、她对生活的热爱和她对我们的爱。从文中作者母亲的行为可以看出作者的母亲对生活的热爱。故 A项符合语境。四、短文改错。Nowadays many people drive instead of taking a bus or walking to work. It causes more traffic jam and accidents. As the student, what can we do to guarantee our safe? First of all, the traffic rules must be strict obeyed. When we cross streets

43、, wait until the traffic light turn green. Next, dont forget walk on the pavement. Finally, I think it very dangerously to wear headphones while walking or cycling. Since we cant pay enough attention on the traffic around us, so accidents may happen. Taking good care of ourselves and dont let our pa

44、rents worry about us.12答案：Nowadays many people drive instead of taking a bus or walking to work. It causes more traffic and accidents. As student, what can we do to jamjams theaguarantee our ？ First of all, the traffic rules must be obeyed. safesafety strictstrictlyWhen we cross streets, wait until

45、the traffic light green. Next, dont turnturnsforget walk on the pavement. Finally, I think it very to wear to dangerouslydangerousheadphones while walking or cycling. Since we cant pay enough attention ontothe traffic around us, accidents may happen. good care of ourselves soTakingTakeand dont let our parents worry about us.