SANS 477-2009 Powered industrial trucks and tractors - Brake performance and component strength《动力工业卡车和牵引车 制动性能和部件强度》.pdf

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1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-22602-2 SANS 477:2009Edition 2ISO 6292:2008Edition 2SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Powered industrial trucks and tractors Brake performan

4、ce and component strength This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 6292:2008, and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001Tel: +27 12 428

5、 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 477:2009 Edition 2 ISO 6292:2008 Edition 2 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 110, Industrial lift trucks, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standa

6、rds Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in August 2009. This SANS document supersedes SANS 477:2007 (edition 1). Reference numberISO 6292:2008(E)ISO 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO6292Second edition2008-11-01Powered industrial trucks and tra

7、ctors Brake performance and component strength Chariots de manutention et tracteurs industriels automoteurs Performance de freinage et rsistance des lments de frein SANS 477:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 6292:2008(E)

8、 PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file,

9、 parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info rela

10、tive to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYR

11、IGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below

12、or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights reservedSANS 477:2009This s tandard may only be used and pr

13、inted by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 6292:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 Requirements.3 4.1 General3 4.2 Required brake systems .3 4.3 Operating means4

14、 4.4 Service brake system 4 4.5 Parking brake system4 4.6 Brake control forces4 4.7 Brake component strength .4 4.8 Stored energy system .5 4.9 Additional requirements .5 5 Test conditions 6 5.1 General6 5.2 Stopping distance test 6 5.3 Drawbar drag test 6 6 Performance tests7 6.1 Parking brake perf

15、ormance 7 6.2 Service brake performance.7 6.3 Warning device testing (for stored energy system).8 6.4 Heat fade test .8 Annex A (normative) Additional requirements 11 Bibliography 12 SANS 477:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS

16、 .ISO 6292:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each

17、 member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the Internationa

18、l Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards

19、 adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

20、 patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 6292 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 110, Industrial trucks, Subcommittee SC 2, Safety of powered industrial trucks. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 6292:19

21、96) and includes some of the contents of ISO 6292:1996 but has some major changes in approach to brake requirements for powered industrial trucks and tractors. The major changes in approach are: stopping distance methodology has been included. Braking reaction time, but not human reaction time, is i

22、ncluded in the determination of the stopping distance. See ISO/TR 29944; addition of assessment of brake fade; groups A1 and A2 (see Table 2) to be categorised by truck rated capacity or laden mass. SANS 477:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing cli

23、ents of the SABS .ISO 6292:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved vIntroduction Industrial trucks, tractors and burden carriers, generally referred to as trucks throughout, can satisfy the braking requirements of this International Standard by complying with either the stopping distance requirements o

24、r the drawbar drag requirements. Based on the requirements for brakes of rubber-tyred earthmoving machinery (ISO 3450), the stopping distance as a measurement value has been established. The brake performance is limited by consideration of the load. For further reference as to how the measurement of

25、 stopping distance and measurement of brake reaction time were derived, see ISO/TR 29944. SANS 477:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .SANS 477:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freem

26、ailing clients of the SABS .INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6292:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1Powered industrial trucks and tractors Brake performance and component strength 1 Scope This International Standard specifies performance, test methods, controls, control forces and component strength f

27、or brake systems fitted to powered industrial trucks of all capacities, industrial tractors with rated capacities up to and including 20 000 N drawbar pull, burden carriers, and industrial trucks handling freight containers, as defined in ISO 5053. Loss of electrical power and loss of any other form

28、 of power assistance is not covered by this International Standard. Braking used in emergency situations (e.g. activating the emergency switch or control system shut down) is not covered in this International Standard. This International Standard only includes requirements for newly manufactured tru

29、cks. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 3691-1:1), Indust

30、rial Trucks Safety requirements and verification Part 1: Self-propelled industrial trucks, other than driverless, variable-reach trucks and burden-carrier trucks ISO 5053, Powered industrial trucks Terminology 1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 3691:1980) SANS 477:2009This s tandard may only be us

31、ed and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 6292:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reserved3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 actual truck velocity v actual measured velocity of the truck, just pr

32、ior to the service brake being applied 3.2 brake fade decrease of braking torque as a function of temperature and/or speed at constant application force 3.3 braking force force at the contact surface between a wheel and the ground, produced by the effect of a braking system, which opposes the veloci

33、ty or the tendency to movement of the vehicle ISO 611:2003, definition 9.11.3 3.4 braking performance performance of a braking system as measured by the braking distance in relation to the initial speed of the truck and/or by braking force and the capability to hold the truck at a standstill on a gr

34、adient 3.5 braking system combination of parts which fulfil one or more of the following functions: control (usually to reduce) a vehicles speed, bring the vehicle to a halt or hold it stationary ISO 611:2003, definition 3.2 3.6 cold brakes brake that meets one of the following conditions: a) the te

35、mperature measured at the periphery of the disc or on the outside of the drum is below 100 C; b) in the case of totally enclosed brakes including oil-immersed brakes, the temperature on the outside of the housing is below 50 C or within the manufacturers specification; c) the brake has not been oper

36、ated in the previous 1 h. 3.7 control device part of the braking system which initiates its operation NOTE Control devices of industrial trucks are defined in ISO 3691-1:, 5.4.2.2, 5.4.2.3 and 5.4.2.4. 3.8 fade test lining effectiveness test procedure consisting of one or more brake applications or

37、the continuous dragging of the brake to generate heat with the effect that differences in braking performance, if any, can be observed ISO 611:2003, definition 8.4 SANS 477:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 6292:2008(E)

38、ISO 2008 All rights reserved 33.9 lining bedding lining burnishing pre-test conditioning procedure for obtaining a specified degree of geometric, physical and chemical adaptation between the brake lining surface and the drum 3.10 laden mass foreseen maximum laden truck mass likely to occur in the in

39、tended use of the truck, taking into account various combinations of optional equipment and the actual capacity applicable at the lift height specified for the tests (where relevant) 3.11 parking braking system braking system allowing a vehicle to be held stationary mechanically, even on an inclined

40、 surface, particularly in the absence of the operator 3.12 service braking system braking system allowing the operator to control, directly or indirectly, the speed of the truck or to bring the truck to a halt 3.13 stopping distance s0distance travelled by the truck during the total braking time, i.

41、e. distance travelled by the truck from the instant when the driver begins to actuate the control device until the instant when the truck stops 3.14 test velocity velocity greater than 90 % of the maximum designed truck velocity NOTE If the truck velocity is automatically reduced in certain load con

42、ditions or load positions (i.e. lift height dependent), this reduced velocity is the maximum travel velocity for that load condition/position. 3.15 unladen mass foreseen minimum unladen truck mass is likely to occur in the intended use of the truck, taking into account various combinations of option

43、al equipment 4 Requirements 4.1 General The following requirements for brake systems apply. 4.2 Required brake systems The truck shall have the following brake systems: a service brake system; a parking brake system. SANS 477:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription a

44、nd freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 6292:2008(E) 4 ISO 2008 All rights reserved4.3 Operating means The service and parking brakes shall be operated by means of independent systems. Both braking systems may utilize the same brakes; i.e. brake shoes, brake drums and related actuating items. The ex

45、ceptions to this requirement are brake systems fitted to stand-on and pedestrian controlled trucks as defined in ISO 3691-1. 4.4 Service brake system All trucks shall meet the service brake requirements of 6.2 and 6.4. 4.5 Parking brake system The parking brake system shall meet the requirements of

46、6.1. 4.6 Brake control forces The control forces to meet the required brake performances for the systems, as specified in 6.1 and either 6.2.1 or 6.2.2, shall not exceed the values given in 4.6.1 to 4.6.5 and summarised in Table 1. 4.6.1 For brakes applied by depressing a pedal, the required service

47、 brake performance and parking brake performance shall be attained with a pedal force not greater than 450 N. 4.6.2 For brakes applied by an upward movement of a brake pedal (releasing the brake pedal), the required service brake performance and parking brake performance specified shall be attained

48、with the pedal fully released. The force required to release the brakes and to hold the pedal fully depressed whilst travelling shall not be greater than 200 N. 4.6.3 For parking brakes applied by means of a handlever, the required brake performance shall be attained when a force not greater than 30

49、0 N is applied to the handlever at the gripping point. 4.6.4 For service brakes applied by squeezing a handgrip, the required brake performance shall be attained when a force not greater than 150 N is applied to the handlever at the gripping point. 4.6.5 For brakes applied by means of a tiller which is biased, e.g. spring loaded, to the upright position (as on pedestrian controlled trucks), the required service brake performance shall be attained at the maximum depressed stroke position of the till