SAE J 2984-2013 Identification of Transportation Battery Systems for Recycling Recommended Practice《可回收的推荐性操作规程用交通运输电池系统识别》.pdf

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1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there

2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2013 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p

3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497

4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J2984_201308 SURFACE VEHICLE RECOMMENDED PRACTICE J2984 AUG2013

5、 Issued 2012-06 Revised 2013-08 Superseding J2984 JUN2012 Identification of Transportation Battery Systems for Recycling Recommended Practice RATIONALE The document is in need of some revisions to make it more intuitive and adjustments are required to the labeling requirements to minimize labeling c

6、osts. We also need to add the reference to the labeling document which specifies the location and size of this label. 1. SCOPE The chemistry identification system is intended to support the proper and efficient recycling of rechargeable battery systems used in transportation applications with a maxi

7、mum voltage greater than 12V (including SLI batteries). Other battery systems such as non-rechargeable batteries, batteries contained in electronics, and telecom/utility batteries are not considered in the development of this specification. This does not preclude these systems from adapting the form

8、at proposed if they so choose. 1.1 Purpose A simple common identifier is required to allow consumers, service and waste management personnel to direct unknown battery types to appropriate recyclers. Recyclers also benefit from this identifier as it allows them to segregate, screen for potential cont

9、amination to existing process streams, and identify the manufacturer so they may contact them to find detailed information about the battery to ensure proper and safe recycling. At a minimum, recyclers should obtain the MSDS and/or PSDS from the manufacturer. This code is not intended to replace reg

10、ulatory reporting requirements, nor provide intricate details of the chemistry involved in the Battery System. The method and specific location for applying this code is not defined in this specification. For applicable battery labeling practices see reference J2936 - Vehicle Battery Labeling Guidel

11、ines. SAE J2984 Revised AUG2013 Page 2 of 8 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. SAE J1715 Hybrid Electr

12、ic Vehicle (HEV) REF SAE J2464. SAE J2984 Revised AUG2013 Page 4 of 8 3.8 FLASH POINT Flash point is defined in OSHAs 29 CFR 1910.106 as the minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off vapor within a test vessel in sufficient concentration to form an ignitable mixture with air near the surface o

13、f the liquid. REF SAE J2464. 3.9 LI-ION Lithium Ion 3.10 MODULE See Battery Module 3.11 MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet 3.12 PSDS Product Safety Data Sheet 3.13 NiCd Nickel Cadmium 3.14 NiMH Nickel Metal Hydride 3.15 NON-SERVICEABLE A device or component that cannot be quickly and/or safely and/or e

14、asily removed and replaced by the user without having to send the entire product or system to a repair facility. The defective or failed device or component is not found by standard troubleshooting procedures and is, removed and replaced using non-standard, or specialized tools. 3.16 PB-ACID Lead Ac

15、id 3.17 PHOSPHATE A phosphorous content greater than 1 wt percent in their respective cathode or anode active material, (e.g., LiFePO4, LiMnPO4) 3.18 RARE EARTHS A chemistry in which any of the lanthanide elements as well as scandium and yttrium are added in total greater than 1 wt percent in their

16、respective cathode or anode active material. 3.19 RECYCLING Transformation of end of life batteries or scrap into usable products. SAE J2984 Revised AUG2013 Page 5 of 8 3.20 Responsible Organization (RO) The Organization which is responsible for overseeing the required tests and assuring the proprie

17、ty of the tests and results, examples are vehicle and battery system manufacturers or independent test authorities. REF SAE J2950. 3.21 SERVICEABLE A device or component that can be quickly and safely and easily removed and replaced by the user without having to send the entire product or system to

18、a repair facility. The defective device or component is found by standard troubleshooting procedures and is, removed and replaced using standard non-specialized tools. REF SAE J2950. For example, in Figure 1, per manufacturers specification, the battery pack could be considered serviceable and the b

19、attery module could be considered non-serviceable. 3.22 TRACE ELEMENTS Elements that are not a major constituent added to the cathode or anode active material and are below 1 wt percent in their respective cathode or anode material. 3.23 SYMBOLS Not Applicable 4. DOCUMENT CONTENT 4.1 Chemistry Ident

20、ifier Requirements: Special attention has been given to identifying lithium-ion batteries as these are expected to play a large role in the electrification of the transport industry. Unlike Pb-acid, NiMH, or NiCd battery systems, Li-ion batteries have many different potential combinations of anode a

21、nd cathode materials. These materials affect the value and effectiveness of the recycling process and need to be clearly identified prior to recycling to sort the batteries and prevent cross-contamination of the recycler process streams. Lithium ion batteries are typically designated by their cathod

22、e (e.g., Lithium cobaltate) or anode (e.g., Lithium titanate) depending on its chemical makeup. The identification code provides more details for the lithium ion battery system to address the different combinations of anode and cathode materials. Materials / elements intentionally added to a cell sh

23、ould be considered in classifying the cathode or anode type or miscellaneous categories. Unintentional or trace materials should not be included. When determining anode and cathode type for Lithium Ion battery systems, materials should have a minimum of 1 wt percent content by mass of the cathode or

24、 anode. Materials falling below this threshold should be treated as trace elements and not considered in classifying the cathode or anode type. A miscellaneous properties place holder was created in the identification code to address known and future properties of concern for recyclers. The manufact

25、urer identification and manufacture date is also included to assist the recyclers in contacting manufacturers to find out detailed information on the specific chemistries of the particular cells. This information may be too detailed and possibly too proprietary to include in the identification code,

26、 or MSDS. The Battery Association of Japan (BAJ) has issued Guidelines for Recycle Label on batteries which include a color code system for identifying the major battery systems: Pb-acid, NiCd, NiMH, and Li-Ion. We have recommended remaining consistent with the BAJ color code standards in our identi

27、fication code to further assist in sorting of the battery types. The identification code shall be applied in a visible location on the outer-most non-serviceable cover(s) of the battery system and/or its components. If battery components will be shipped separately to the recycler they will need iden

28、tification as well. For example, in a typical pack containing modules as shown in Figure 1, this code shall be applied to each module case if they are serviceable / replaceable components and the outermost battery pack housing. For other designs the code shall be applied at the Manufacturers discret

29、ion, so it can be readily identifiable by the dismantler/recycler. SAE J2984 Revised AUG2013 Page 6 of 8 The identifier code shall be formatted as follows: SC-A.M / MFG.YYMM 1, 2, 3, 4 Where, Letter Description S System ID C Cathode for Li-ion chemistries only A Anode for Li-ion chemistries only M M

30、iscellaneous hazard(s) identifier selected from Table 2. Multiple hazards may be selected. MFG Responsible Organization (RO) 2-4 digit alpha numeric descriptor2YYMM Year and month of manufacture 1 Cathode and anode identifiers must be separated by a dash. Anode and Miscellaneous identifiers must be

31、separated by a period. The miscellaneous and manufacturing identifiers must be separated by a slash(/). The manufacturer identifier and the manufacturing date must be separated by a period. 2 If Responsible Organizations (RO) name or logo appears elsewhere on the non-serviceable unit(s), the MFG des

32、criptor is not a required portion of the mark. RO will determine their own unique two to four digit identification based on their company name. 3 For battery systems that do not specify Cathode and/or Anode, an “X” should be used as a place holder. 4 If date of manufacture or other traceability mark

33、 appears elsewhere on the non-serviceable unit(s), the date descriptor is not a required portion of the mark. Table 1 lists the proper characters to identify the battery System, Cathode, and Anode and the code background color reference consistent with the BAJ recommendations. Table 2 lists the prop

34、er character(s) for the miscellaneous properties. TABLE 1 - SYSTEM, CATHODE, AND ANODE IDENTIFIERS System (S=) Pantone Color Reference (CR=) Type Cathode (C=) Type Anode (A=) Type Li CR = Blue PMS312 Lithium Ion Fe Iron C Graphitic/Carbonaceous Co Cobalt Si Silicon Mn Manganese Ti Titanium S Sulfur

35、Sn Tin Ni Nickel Li Lithium Al Aluminum MM Mixed Metal NiMH CR = Orange PMS151 NiMH X Not Applicable X Not Applicable NiCd CR = Green PMS367 NiCd X Not Applicable X Not Applicable Pb-Acid CR = Silver PMS871 Pb-Acid X Not Applicable X Not Applicable SAE J2984 Revised AUG2013 Page 7 of 8 TABLE 2 - MIS

36、CELLANEOUS PROPERTY IDENTIFIERS Misc (M =) Type F Thermal/Flammable Liquid - Solvents present R Rare EarthsP Phosphate Reserved for future miscellaneous items 5. NOTES 5.1 Marginal Indicia A change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technica

37、l revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in documents that co

38、ntain editorial changes only. PREPARED BY THE SAE BATTERY STANDARDS RECYCLING COMMITTEE SAE J2984 Revised AUG2013 Page 8 ofAPPENDIX A A.1 EXAMPLES XYZ Corporation manufactures the following battery types on February, 3, 2010. The companies 3 digit abbreviation is XYZ. The Recycling Code is given for

39、 each battery product. Battery Type Code Lithium Ion with Lithium Cobalt Oxide Cathode LiCo-C.F / XYZ.1002 Lithium Ion with Lithium Manganese Oxide Cathode LiMn-C.F/XYZ.1002 Lithium Ion with Lithium Iron Phosphate Cathode LiFe-C.FP/XYZ.1002 Lithium Ion with Lithium Nickel Cobalt Manganese Oxide (NMC

40、) LiMM-C.F / XYZ.1002 Lithium Ion with Mixed Metal Spinel (LMO-NMC) Cathode LiMM-C.F/XYZ.1002 Lithium Ion with Lithium Cobalt cathode, Lithium Titanate Anode LiCo-Ti.F/XYZ.1002 Lithium Ion with Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Cathode LiMM-C.F/XYZ.1002 Nickel Metal Hydride NiMHX-X.R/XYZ.1002 Nickel Cadmium Battery NiCdX-X./XYZ.1002 Lead Acid Pb-AcidX-X./XYZ.1002