[考研类试卷]考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷153及答案与解析.doc
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1、考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷 153 及答案与解析Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)0 The lower house of Australias Parliament passed sweeping changes in immigration policy on Wednesday that are meant to discouragedeter asylum seekers who
2、 try to reach the country by the thousands each year on rickety, overcrowded ships and boats.In a major reversal, the measures would reopen a chain of offshore detention centers that human rights groups have criticized as inhumane and possibly illegal. The Labor government of Prime Minister Julia Gi
3、llard largely abandoned use of the detention centers when it came to power in 2007.The measures passed the lower house with the backing of both the governing party and the opposition coalition, with only two lawmakers voting against them, and the upper house is expected to approve them this week. Bu
4、t the debate was emotional and contentious, descending at times into a shouting match.“This is not the end of the efforts to deal with what is the very, very, very, very pernicious trade of people smuggling, which trades on peoples lives and gives people the expectation that in return for very signi
5、ficant sums of money they can be brought to Australia for passage,“ Chris Bowen, the immigration minister, told the lower house.Though the opposition coalition voted for the measure, it seemed determined to score as many political points as possible from Labors change of course. Many Labor members l
6、eft the floor in protest as their rivals excoriated the government. The opposition leader, Tony Abbott, demanded a formal apology from Ms. Gillard for Labors previous policy, which he said encouraged risky attempts to reach Australia.“After, tragically, almost 1,000 deaths at sea and after $4.7 bill
7、ion has been blown because of the governments border protection failures, the prime minister has finally seen the sense of what the opposition has been proposing all along,“ Mr. Abbott said, adding, “ This governments failures gave the people smugglers a business model. “Australia has tried for year
8、s to find a policy that will deter would-be immigrants from trying to make the 220-mile crossing from Java to Christmas Island, a remote spot in the Indian Ocean that is Australias closest point to Indonesia. More than 600 migrants bound for Australia have died in accidents at sea since 2009.Domesti
9、c and international human rights groups have condemned the practice of detaining the asylum seekers for long periods in camps overseas while their cases are processed, saying that the practice is cruel and violates Australias obligations under the United Nations refugee convention.David Manne, a pro
10、minent human rights lawyer who succeeded in blocking a proposal last year to process migrants in Malaysia, called the new legislation the product of “interminable political jousting to see who has the harshest policies for dealing with these people. “ “Really, all that deterrence policies like this
11、do is sweep vulnerable people from our doorstep to dangers elsewhere,“ he said before the vote in Parliament.1 Why is the change in Australias immigration policy called a reversal?(A)Because the new policy can change the present trend of human smuggling.(B) Because it is backed with both the governm
12、ent and the opposition coalition.(C) Because it includes the reuse of some measures that were abandoned before.(D)Because it has caused the accusation of many human rights groups.2 The word “pernicious“(Line 1, Para.4)probably means(A)profitable.(B) illegal.(C) continual.(D)destructive.3 It can be i
13、nferred from the passage that the opposition coalition(A)believed that the governments new policy made sense.(B) doubted the real effect of the governments new immigration policy.(C) accused the Labor government of failing in dealing with people smuggling.(D)were forced to vote for the governments n
14、ew immigration policy.4 According to the passage, the Christmas Island is(A)one of Australian islands lying in the Indian Ocean.(B) 220 miles away from the mainland of Australia.(C) the port where people can easily get into Australia.(D)Australias nearest spot to the country of Java.5 We can learn f
15、rom the passage that David Manne(A)thinks the policy is the harshest one ever approved.(B) believes the policy will influence the political situation.(C) voted against the new legislation in the Parliament.(D)thinks the policy is unlikely to help those vulnerable people.5 “I wouldnt be here today if
16、 not for the generosity of strangers,“ said Michael Moritz, while announcing a major donation to Oxford University. A former Time magazine reporter, Mr. Moritz left journalism to become one of the most successful venture capitalists in Silicon Valley. Through Sequoia Capital, the firm he joined in 1
17、986 and has led for many years, Mr. Moritz was an early investor in Google, Yahoo, PayPal and Linkedln. His personal fortune is estimated at well over $ 1 billion. Oxford University announced last Wednesday that he and his wife, the novelist Harriet Heyman, donated 75 million, or $115 million, to fu
18、nd a new scholarship program aimed at providing financial aid to students from low-income backgrounds. Behind the headlines about the size of the gift was a family story of immigration, education and a sense of obligation that transcended generations.“I grew up in Cardiff, went to an ordinary compre
19、hensive school, and was the only pupil in my year to go to Oxbridge,“ Mr. Moritz explained. “My father was plucked as a teenager from Nazi Germany and was able to attend a very good school in London on a scholarship. “ In an interview afterward, Mr. Moritz said that his father, Alfred, had grown up
20、in Munich, where his father was a judge who lost his post when the Nazis came to power. Mr. Moritzs mother, Doris, was part of the Kindertransport, a rescue effort that took about 9,300 unaccompanied, mostly Jewish children from Germany, Austria, Poland and Czechoslovakia to Britain shortly before t
21、he outbreak of World War II. “My fathers cousin, Fritz Ursell, was also rescued from terrible circumstances. When he came to Britain, he also benefited from scholarships, and grew up to become a member of the Royal Society,“ said Mr. Moritz.“It is all too easy not to remember,“ said Mr. Moritz, who
22、was a history major and the editor of Oxfords student literary magazine, as an undergraduate before completing an M. B. A. at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. In May, Mr. Mortiz announced that he had been diagnosed with a rare medical condition which is incurable. But he preferr
23、ed not to name the disease. “I wanted to be open with my partners and with the public. But I didnt want every ghoul on the Internet following me. “Charlotte Anderson, a second-year student studying German at Oxford and the first person in her family to go to a university, said that anxiety about tak
24、ing on debt had nearly kept her from accepting the offer from the school. “Its great to think that future students who follow me can do so without the fear that I went through,“ she said while attending the news conference. Asked whether the universitys campaign to finance student scholarships throu
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