[考研类试卷]考研英语二(完形填空)模拟试卷112及答案与解析.doc
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1、考研英语二(完形填空)模拟试卷 112 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 If the online service is free then you are the product, technicians say. Google and Facebook make a【C1 】_collecting personal i
2、nformation to help them target their advertisements more【C2】_Free smart-phone apps typically【C3】_all the data they can, such as the persons location or their【C4】_address book.More than ever, individual privacy is【C5】_threat. Julia Angwin, who oversaw a pioneering series of Wall Street Journal articl
3、es called “What They Know“, starting last year,【 C6】_many of the questionable activities that damage privacyactivities that most people know nothing about. Hundreds of unregulated data-agents【C7 】_in America, for example, selling personal files to marketing companies. One company runs a fleet of cam
4、eraequipped cars that【C8】_the number plates of 1 million vehicles a month, mostly to find those wanted for repossession【C9】_it sells the data to insurers or private investigators as well.Ms Angwin condemns this shadowy business. Her book tracks her attempts to【C10 】_it. She gets a credit card using
5、a fake name; she uses a(n)【C11】_search engine and conceals her e-mail and texts; she leaves LinkedIn. When she turns off basic web-browsing functions that enable tracking she becomes digitally【C12 】_. Amazon items appear to be out of【C13 】_and she is unable set up an appointment at an Apple store. “
6、My daughter would stand next to me and laugh while I tried to【C14】_a page and browse through all the【C15】_,“ she writes.Yet “Dragnet Nation“ has its【C16】_. It ignores how exciting the【C17】_uses of personal data can be to companies, governments and NGOs. It mixes state scrutiny and privacy-damaging b
7、usiness practices, weakening the study of both. Ms Angwins analysis of the problems and【C18】_regulatory remedies is shallow, and her attempts to【C19】_the dragnet eventually become wearisome. Her【C20】_is to have made herself a subject in an experiment to avoid the scrutiny found everywhere. But the r
8、eal story about the e-conomy of personal information and protecting privacy in an age of big data has yet to be written.1 【C1 】(A)change(B) loss(C) promise(D)fortune2 【C2 】(A)fairly(B) accurately(C) orderly(D)widely3 【C3 】(A)suck in(B) turn in(C) bring in(D)call in4 【C4 】(A)new(B) exquisite(C) entir
9、e(D)concise5 【C5 】(A)within(B) towards(C) upon(D)under6 【C6 】(A)organizes(B) exposes(C) destroys(D)emerges7 【C7 】(A)exist(B) occur(C) gather(D)locate8 【C8 】(A)analyze(B) see(C) scan(D)identify9 【C9 】(A)for(B) but(C) then(D)or10 【C10 】(A)get in touch with(B) get close to(C) get a hold of(D)get away f
10、rom11 【C11 】(A)anonymous(B) extraordinary(C) stable(D)fast12 【C12 】(A)signed(B) networked(C) paralyzed(D)arranged13 【C13 】(A)reach(B) sight(C) control(D)stock14 【C14 】(A)turn(B) load(C) read(D)copy15 【C15 】(A)permissions(B) news(C) files(D)routes16 【C16 】(A)boundaries(B) virtues(C) faults(D)difficul
11、ties17 【C17 】(A)excessive(B) practical(C) specific(D)legitimate18 【C18 】(A)current(B) potential(C) inadequate(D)correct19 【C19 】(A)escape(B) surf(C) improve(D)investigate20 【C20 】(A)suggestion(B) contribution(C) mistake(D)expectation20 Air pollution killed about seven million people last year, makin
12、g it the worlds single biggest environmental health risk, the World Health Organisation (WHO) says. The【C1】_a doubling of previous estimates, means one in eight of all global deaths were linked to polluted air. This means air pollution has【C2】_poor diet, high blood pressure and tobacco smoke as the
13、leading【C3】_of preventable death worldwide. It also shows how【C4】_pollution inside and outside of peoples homes could save millions of lives in future.Air pollution deaths are most【C5】_from heart disease, strokes or lung disease. It is also linked to deaths from lung cancer and【C6】_breathing infecti
14、ons. “The evidence【C7】_the need for concerted action to clean up the air we all breathe,“ said Maria Neira, an official from WHO. “The risks from air pollution are now far greater than previously thought or understood, particularly for heart disease and strokes.“Poor and middle-income countries in S
15、outheast Asia and the Western Pacific region had the largest number of air pollution-related deaths, with 3.3 million deaths linked to indoor air pollution and 2.6 million deaths to outdoor air pollution. Indoor pollution is mostly caused by cooking【 C8】_coal, wood stoves. The WHO estimates that aro
16、und 2.9 billion people worldwide live in homes using wood or coal as their【 C9】_cooking fuel. Outdoors, air is mainly polluted by transport, power generation, industrial and agricultural emissions and residential【C10 】_and cooking. Research suggests outdoor air pollution【C11】_levels have risen signi
17、ficantly in some parts of the world, particularly in【C12】_countries with large populations【C13】_rapid industrialization.Carlos Dora, a WHO public health expert, called on governments and health【C14 】 _to act on the evidence and【C15】_policies to reduce air pollution, which【C16】_would improve health a
18、nd reduce humans【C17】_on climate change. “Excessive air pollution is often a by-product of unsustainable policies in【C18】_such as transport, energy, waste management and industry, “ he said. “In most cases, healthier【C19】_will also be more economical in the long term due to healthcare cost savings a
19、s well as climate【C20】_.“21 【C1 】(A)casualty(B) toll(C) portion(D)percentage22 【C2 】(A)overtaken(B) affected(C) included(D)undermined23 【C3 】(A)result(B) role(C) element(D)cause24 【C4 】(A)causing(B) monitoring(C) reducing(D)releasing25 【C5 】(A)commonly(B) directly(C) incidentally(D)rarely26 【C6 】(A)
20、slight(B) acute(C) chronic(D)strange27 【C7 】(A)emphasizes(B) considers(C) has(D)signals28 【C8 】(A)over(B) for(C) by(D)in29 【C9 】(A)elementary(B) fatal(C) primary(D)only30 【C10 】(A)building(B) heating(C) washing(D)density31 【C11 】(A)standard(B) exposure(C) control(D)legislation32 【C12 】(A)developing(
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