[考研类试卷]2014年厦门大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

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1、2014 年厦门大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析英译汉1 limestone 2 RFID 3 hamstring 4 Bremenhaven 5 mangrove 6 rector 7 Halal food 8 conservatory9 credit crunch10 to read tea leaves11 meritocracy12 Armistice Day13 Galeries lafayette14 Jockey Club15 A flash in the pan汉译英16 应收款17 张伯伦18 蜈蚣19 化学需氧量20 参赞21 太阳能电池板22 艾条23 金边(柬埔寨首

2、都)24 孔子学院25 过山车26 市盈率27 饲料添加剂28 双开(一种纪律处分)29 以房养老30 英国财政大臣英译汉31 The question before us is no longer the nature of the challenge the question is our capacity to meet it. For while the reality of climate change is not in doubt, I have to be honest, as the world watches us today, I think our ability to

3、 take collective action is in doubt right now and it hangs in the balance.I believe we can act boldly, and decisively, in the face of a common threat. Thats why I come here today not to talk, but to act.Now, as the worlds largest economy and as the worlds second largest emitter, America bears our re

4、sponsibility to address climate change, and we intend to meet that responsibility. Thats why weve re-newed our leadership within international climate negotiations. Thats why weve worked with other nations to phase out fossil fuel subsidies. Thats why weve taken bold action at home by making histori

5、c investments in renewable energy; by putting our people to work increasing efficiency in our homes and buildings; and by pursuing comprehensive legislation to transform to a clean energy economy.These mitigation actions are ambitious, and we are taking them not simply to meet global responsibilitie

6、s. We are convinced that changing the way that we produce and use energy is essential to Americas economic future that it will create millions of new jobs, power new industries, keep us competitive, and spark new innovation.32 The world is going through the biggest wave of mergers and acquisitions e

7、ver witnessed. The process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpassed might. Many in these countries are looking at this process and worrying: “Wont the wave of business concentration turn into an uncontrollable anti-competitive force?“Theres no que

8、stion that the big are getting bigger and more powerful. Multinational corporations accounted for less than 20% of international trade in 1982. Today the: figure is more than 25% and growing rapidly. International affiliates account for a fast-growing segment of production in economies that open up

9、and welcome foreign investment. This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role of smaller economic firms, of national businessmen and over the ultimate stability of the world economy.I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M falling transportation and communication co

10、sts, lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers demands. All these are beneficial, not detrimental, to consumers. As productivity grows, the worlds wealth increases.Examples of benefits or costs of the current concentration

11、wave are scanty. Yet it is hard to imagine that the merger of a few oil firms today could re-create the same threats to competition that were feared nearly a century ago in the US, when the Standard Oil trust was broken up. The mergers of telecom companies , such as World Com, hardly seem to bring h

12、igher prices for consumers or a reduction in the pace of technical progress. On the contrary, the price of communications is coming down fast. In cars, too, concentration is increasing witness Daimler and Chrysler, Renault and Nissan but it does not appear that consumers are being hurt.汉译英33 十八大以来，高

13、层领导一再阐明大力推进改革的坚定态度，不断释放锐意改革的清晰信号，强调“ 改革是最大的红利 ”，要“以更大的政治勇气和智慧深化改革”。目前，具体的改革措施正在陆续出台。没有改革，就没有今后的可持续健康发展，这已是全国上下的基本共识。与此同时，我们也不应忽视，开放对于改革和发展的巨大推动作用。改革与开放，可说是我国三十多年来快速发展的根本保证，是最大的两个动力源，是经济社会发展战略不可偏废的两个基本方面。回顾改革开放历程可以清晰发现，改革和开放互为依托，互相支撑，有机结合，方奠定了我国经济社会进步的基础。34 我十分同意杨绛先生关于读书的观点：读书好比串门儿，要参见钦佩的老师或拜谒有名的学者，不

14、必事前打招呼求见，也不怕搅扰主人。翻开书面就闯进大门，翻过几页就登堂人室；而且可以经常去，时刻去，如果不得要领，还可以不辞而别或者另请高明。读书是为了寻找黄金屋、千钟粟和颜如玉的，因而就要头悬梁、锥刺股。这里，读书是为了人仕博名的，读书的快乐当然就荡然无存了，反而让人生出几分胆怯和畏惧。今天我们中的许多人，读书更是全然没有风雅境界和心境了，多是借读书之名，取利禄之实，读书不过是一种装潢而已。2014 年厦门大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案与解析英译汉1 【正确答案】 石灰岩2 【正确答案】 射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification)3 【正确答案】 腿筋4 【正确答案

15、】 不来梅哈芬(德国不来梅港)5 【正确答案】 红树林植物6 【正确答案】 (圣公会的)教区牧师；堂区主持人7 【正确答案】 清真食品8 【正确答案】 温室，暖房；音乐学院9 【正确答案】 信用恐慌；信用紧缩10 【正确答案】 预知未来11 【正确答案】 精英阶层；精英主义12 【正确答案】 停战日；休战纪念日13 【正确答案】 巴黎老佛爷百货商店14 【正确答案】 赛马俱乐部；赛马会15 【正确答案】 昙花一现汉译英16 【正确答案】 accounts due17 【正确答案】 Chamberlen18 【正确答案】 centipede19 【正确答案】 chemical oxygen de

16、mand(COD)20 【正确答案】 counselor21 【正确答案】 solar panel22 【正确答案】 moxa-cigar23 【正确答案】 Phnom Penh24 【正确答案】 Confucius Institute25 【正确答案】 roller coaster26 【正确答案】 price earnings ratio27 【正确答案】 feed additive28 【正确答案】 be of Party membership and expelled from public office29 【正确答案】 the Housing Endowment30 【正确答案】

17、Chancellor of the Exchequer英译汉31 【正确答案】 我们面临的问题不再是这一挑战的性质，而是我们应对这一挑战的能力。因为尽管气候变化的现实已毋庸置疑，但恕我直言，在今天全世界都注视着我们的时候，我认为现在我们共同采取行动的能力还难以确定，能否解决问题依然是个未知数。我相信面对这一共同威胁，我们能够采取勇敢、果断的行动。这就是我为什么来到这里的原因不是为了高谈阔论，而是为了付诸行动。作为全世界最大的经济体和排放量名列第二的国家，美国在应对气候变化方面有自己的一份责任，我们准备尽这份责任。这就是为什么我们重新在国际气候变化谈判中发挥主导作用的原因。这就是为什么我们与其他

18、国家共同努力，逐步取消化石燃料补贴的原因。这就是为什么我们在国内采取果敢行动的原因对可再生能源进行前所未有的投资；要求我国相关人员努力提高住宅和建筑物的能效；争取通过综合立法向清洁能源经济转化。这些减排行动意义深远。我们采取这些行动不仅是为了履行全球责任。我们相信改变我们生产和使用能源的方式对美国经济的未来必不可少。这样做将创造数以百万计新的就业岗位，为新兴行业提供动力，保持我们的竞争能力并激发新的创新。32 【正确答案】 全球正在经历一场前所未有的巨大并购浪潮。这个浪潮从异常活跃的美国席卷到整个欧洲，并以不可比拟的威力影响到正在崛起的国家。面对这一浪潮，这些国家的许多人开始忧虑：企业合并的浪

19、潮会不会变成一股不可遏制的反竞争的力量?无疑，大企业正在变得更大、更强。1982 年，跨国公司在国际贸易中只占有不到 20的份额。而现在，这个数字上升到了 25以上，并且还在迅速上升。在那些对外开放并鼓励外资经济的国家中，国际分公司在国民生产中成为一个快速增长的部门。这一现象造成人们对小型企业和民族资本的作用以及世界经济的最终稳定产生严重忧虑。我认为，推动这股巨大并购浪潮的最主要的力量，也是推动全球化进程的力量，包括日趋下降的运输与通信费用，较低的贸易与投资壁垒，以及市场的扩大和为满足市场需求而进行的扩大生产。所有这些对消费者来说都是有益而无害的。随着生产力的提高，世界的财富也在增长。目前证明

20、这股合并浪潮是带来利还是弊的实例并不多。但是很难想象当今几个石油公司的合并是否会重新造成约 100 年前美国标准石油公司对竞争造成的同样的威胁，那时由于人们对该公司的这种担心而导致了它最终的解散。像世界通信这样的通信公司合并似乎没有给消费者带来更高的价格，或者降低技术进步的速度。相反，通信的价格在迅速下降。在汽车行业，合并也同样在增加比如戴姆勒与克莱斯勒，雷诺与尼桑的合并但消费者看起来并未受到伤害。汉译英33 【正确答案】 Since the CPCs 18th National Congress, senior officials have consistently expressed st

21、rong resolve to press a-head with reform and sent out clear messages for aggressive reform, stressing that “reform is the biggest dividend“ and that “reform must be deepened with greater political willpower and wisdom. “ At present, specific reform measures are being rolled out. There is a growing c

22、onsensus nationwide that without reform, healthy development cannot be sustained. At the same time, we cannot neglect the tremendous role of opening-up in advancing reform and development. Reform and opening-up have underpinned the nations rapid development over the last three decades, serving as tw

23、o primary sources of power. They are the two aspects of socio-economic development that we cannot afford to neglect. Throughout the process, reform and opening-up have been interdependent, mutually sustaining, and closely integrated, laying the groundwork for socio-economic advancement in the nation

24、.34 【正确答案】 I couldnt agree with Ms. Yang Jiangs view on reading more: I would compare reading to visiting friends. Visiting a well-respected teacher or paying homage to a renowned scholar doesnt necessarily require appointment in advance and we wont feel as if we were disturbing him. Opening the boo

25、k is like getting into the door uninvited, and turning a few pages, we may find ourselves in his study. Besides, we can go visit him as frequently as we want and at any time we wish. If we fail to get the pith of his argument, we can just leave without saying “ goodbye“ or turn to someone else for h

26、elp. If reading is only to search for the house of gold, the 200-thousand kilograms of millet and the beauty, we have to tie our hair on the house beam and jab our side with a needle to keep ourselves awake while reading like the ancient people used to do. Here, the sole purpose of reading is to get

27、 an official post and gain a high social status; of course, in this way the joy of reading is nowhere to be seen; instead reading makes people feel a bit timid and afraid. Today, many of us have lost all the elegant state and mood while reading, but mostly in pursuit of wealth and interest by the excuse of reading, turning it into nothing but merely a decoration.