IMO IA586E-2001 Guidelines for the Development of Shipboard Marine Pollution Emergency Plans (Second Edition).pdf

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1、 Guidelines for the Development of Shipboard Marine Pollution Emergency Plans 2001 edition Guidelines for the development of SHIPBOARD OIL POLLUTION EMERGENCY PLANS Resolution MEPC.54(32), as amended by resolution MEPC.86(44) and Guidelines for the development of SHIPBOARD MARINE POLLUTION EMERGENCY

2、 PLANS FOR OIL AND/OR NOXIOUS LIQUID SUBSTANCES Resolution MEPC. 85(44) INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION London, 2001 First published in 1992 as Guidelines for the Development of Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plans by the INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION 4 Albert Embankment. London SE1 7SR

3、 Second (expanded) edition 2001 Printed by the International Maritime Organization, London 2 4 6 8 10 9 7 5 3 ISBN 92-801-5106-1 I IMOPUBLICATION I I Sales number: IA586E I Copyright 0 IMO 2001 All nghts reserved. No part ofthis publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmit

4、ted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without prior permission in wntingfrom the International Marifime Organization. Foreword The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the

5、 Protocol of 1978 relating thereto (MARPOL 73/ 78), is the principal instrument established by IMO for preventing marine pollution. Regulation 26 of Annex I of this Convention requires that every oil tanker of 150 tons gross tonnage and above and every ship other than an oil tanker of 400 tons gross

6、 tonnage and above carry on board a shipboard oil pollution emergency plan approved by the Administration. It is pertinent to note that MARPOL 73/78 was amended to include the above- mentioned regulation 26 of Annex I as a consequence of article 3(l)(a) of the International Convention on Oil Polluti

7、on Preparedness, Response and Co-operation (OPRC), 1990. This Convention contains a requirement that certain ships have on board a shipboard oil pollution emergency plan. The shipboard plan required under regulation 26 of Annex I of MARPOL 73/78 is the same shipboard oil pollution emergency plan tha

8、t is required under article 3(l)(a) of the OPRC Convention. Regulation 16 of Annex I1 of MARPOL 73/78 requires that every ship of 150 tons gross tonnage and above certified to carry noxious liquid substances in bulk carry on board a shipboard marine pollution emergency plan for noxious liquid substa

9、nces approved by the Administration. A shipboard marine pollution emergency plan for noxious liquid substances should be combined with a shipboard oil pollution emergency plan, since most of their contents are the same and one combined plan on board is more practical than two separate plans in case

10、of an emergency. In this case the title of such a combined plan should be “Shipboard marine pollution emergency plan” in order to distinguish it fi-om a shipboard marine pollution emergency plan for noxious liquid substances and a shpboard oil pollution emergency plan. Both regulation 26 of Annex I

11、and regulation 16 of Annex I1 require that the plans be in accordance with guidelines developed by IMO. The Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) at its 32nd session adopted Guidelines for the development of shipboard oil pollution emergency plans by resolution MEPC.54(32) to meet the requi

12、rements of regulation 26 of Annex I. At its 44th session, it prepared Guidelines for the development of shpboard marine pollution emergency plans to meet the requirements of regulation 26 of Annex I and/or regulation 16 of Annex I1 on the basis of the guidelines for oil. As a result of this review,

13、amendments to the Guidelines for the development of shpboard oil pollution emergency plans were also prepared by the MEPC at the same session to ensure uniform application of these regulations and guidelines. It is also pertinent to note that shipboard oil pollution emergency plans whch have already

14、 been approved by the Administration for oil tankers of 150 tons gross tonnage and above and ships other than oil tankers of . 111 400 tons gross tonnage and above in accordance with the Guidelines for the development of shipboard oil pollution emergency plans adopted by resolution MEPC:.54(32) need

15、 not be modified in accordance with either these Guidelines or the Guidelines for the development of shipboard marine pollution emergency plans for oil and/or noxious liquid substances adopted by resolution MEPC.85(44). Under the provisions of article 5 of the 1973 h4ARPOL Convention, a ship is requ

16、ired to hold a certificate in accordance with the provisions of regulations and, while in the ports or offshore terminals under the jurisdiction of a Party, is subject to inspection by officers duly authorized by that Party. In this context, the carriage of a shipboard oil pollution emergency plan s

17、hould also be subject to such inspection. These Guidelines contain information for the preparation of shpboard oil pollution emergency plans. The main objectives or these Guidelines are: 0 to assist shipowners in preparing shipboard marine pollution emergency plans in conformity with the cited regul

18、ations; and to assist Governments in developing and enacting domestic laws which gwe force to and implement the cited regulations. In the interest of uniformity, Governments are requested to refer to these Guidelines when preparing appropriate national regulations. 0 iv Contents . Page Guidelines fo

19、r the development of shipboard oil pollution emergency plans Section 1 - Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 2 - Mandatory provisions of regulation 26 of Annex I of the Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 3 - Non-mandatory provisions . . . . . . . . . .

20、. . . . . . Appendix I: Additional references for the development of shipboard oil pollution emergency plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . Appendix II: Example format for shipboard oil pollution emergency plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 3 10 13 14 Guidelines for th

21、e development of shipboard marine pollution emergency plans for oil and/or noxious liquid substances Section 1 - Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 2 - Mandatory provisions of regulation 26 25 of Annex I and regulation 16 of Annex I1 of the Convention . . . . .

22、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 3 - Non-mandatory provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Appendix I: Additional references for the development of shipboard marine pollution emergency plans . . . . . . . . . . Appendix ZZ: Example format for a shipboard marine pollution emergency plan (fo

23、r oil and/or noxious liquid substances) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 35 38 40 Appendix Resolution MEPC.54(32) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resolution MEPC.86(44) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Annex I of MARPOL 73/78: 51

24、 52 Regulation 26 - Shipboard oil pollution emergency plan . . . Unified interpretation of regulation 26( 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resolution MEPC.85(44) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Annex I1 of MARPOL 73/78: 53 54 55 Regulation 16 - Shpboard marine pollution emergency p

25、lan for noxious liquid substances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 V Guidelines for the development of SHIPBOARD OIL POLLUTION EMERGENCY PLANS 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 These Guidelines* have been developed to assist with the prepara- tion of the shipboard oil pollution emergency plans (hereinafter

26、 referred to as the “Plan(s)”) that are required by regulation 26 of annex I of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto, as amended (MARPOL 73/78) (hereinafter referred to as the “Convention”). The Plan must

27、be approved in accordance with this regulation. 1.2 The Guidelines comprise three primary sections: .1 Introduction: this section provides a general overview of the subject-matter and introduces the reader to the basic concept of the Guidelines and the Plans that are expected to be developed from th

28、em. Mandatory provisions: this section provides guidance to ensure that the mandatory provisions of regulation 26 of annex I of the Convention are met. .3 Non-mandatory provisions: this section provides guidance concerning the inclusion of other information in the Plan. This information, although no

29、t required by regulation 26 of Annex I of MARPOL 73/78, may be required by local authorities in ports visited by the ship, or it may be added to provide additional assistance to the ships master when responding to an emergency situation. This section also provides guidance on updating and applicatio

30、n of the Plan. 1.3 Concept of the Guidelines: the Guidelines are intended to provide a starting point for the preparation of the Plans for specific ships. The broad spectrum of ships for which Plans are required makes it impractical to provide specific guidelines for each ship type. Plan writers are

31、 cautioned that they must consider in their Plans the many variables that apply to their ships. Some of these variables include: type and size of ship, cargo, route and shore-based management structure. The Guidelines are not intended to be a .2 The Guidelines for the development of shipboard oil po

32、llution emergency plans comprise the annex to resolution MEPC.54(32), as amended by resolution MEPC.86(44). The text ofboth these resolutions is reproduced in the appendix to this publication. 3 Shipboard-bil pollution emergency plans (SOPEPS) compilation of menu items from which the Plan writer can

33、 select certain sections and produce a workable Plan. For a Plan to be effective and to comply with regulation 26 of annex I of the Convention, it must be carehlly tailored to the particular shp for which it is intended. Properly used, the Guidelines will ensure that all appropriate issues are consi

34、dered in developing the Plan. 1.4 Concept of the Plan: the Plan is available to assist personnel in dealing with an unexpected discharge of oil. Its primary purpose is to set in motion the necessary actions to stop or minimize the discharge and to mitigate its effects. Effective planning ensures tha

35、t the necessary actions are taken in a structured, logical, safe and timely manner. 1.4.1 The. Plan must go beyond providing for operational spills. It must include guidance to assist the master in meeting the demands of a catastrophic discharge, should the ship become involved in one. 1.4.2 The nee

36、d for a predetermined and properly structured Plan is clear when one considers the pressures and multiple tasks facing personnel confronted with an emergency situation. In the heat of the moment, lack of planning will often result in conhsion, mistakes and failure to advise key people. Delays will b

37、e incurred and time will be wasted; time during whch the situation may well worsen. As a consequence, the ship and its personnel may be exposed to increasing hazards and greater environmental damage may occur. 1.4.3 For the Plan to accomplish its purpose, it must be: .1 .2 realistic, practical and e

38、asy to use; understood by shp management personnel, both on board and ashore; evaluated, reviewed and updated regularly. .3 1.4.4 The Plan envisioned by regulation 26 of Annex I to the Convention is intended to be a simple document. Use of summarizing flow charts or checklists to guide the master th

39、rough the various actions and decisions required during an incident response is highly encouraged. These can provide a quickly visible and logically sequenced form of information which can reduce error and oversight during emergency situations. Inclusion of extensive background information on the sh

40、ip, cargo, etc., should be avoided as this is generally avadable elsewhere. If such information is relevant, it should be kept in annexes where it will not + “(b) the list of authorities or persons to be contacted in the event of an oil pollution incident; “(c) a detailed description of the action t

41、o be taken immediately by persons on board to reduce or control the discharge of oil following the incident; and “(d) the procedures and point of contact on the ship for co- ordinating shipboard activities with national and local authori- tics in combating the pollution.” 2.3 The coastal State repor

42、t: article 8 and Protocol I of the Convention require that the nearest coastal State be notified of actual or probable discharges. The intent of this requirement is to ensure that coastal States are infornied without delay of any incident giving rise to pollution, or threat of 2.1 mandatory provisio

43、ns of regulation 26 of Annex I to the Convention. 2.2 shall consist at least of: *. i.e., MARPOL 73/78. Refer to the General principles for ship reporting systems and ship reporting requirements, including guidelines for reporting incidents involving dangerous goods, hamifid substanccs and/or marine

44、 pollutants adopted by the Organization by resolution A.851(20). For ease of reference, see the IMO publication Provisions Coticernitig the Reportitcc of Itiridenrs Involvittg Harmfir1 Substances under MARPOL 73/78 (salcs number: IMO-516E). 3 Shipboard oil pollution emevgency plans (SOPEPs) pollutio

45、n, of the. marine environment, as well as of assistance and salvage measures, so that appropriate action may be taken. 2.3.1 When required: the Plan should provide clear, concise guidance to enable the master to determine when a report to the coastal State is required. 2.3.1.1 Actual discharge: a re

46、port to the nearest coastal State is required whenever there is: a discharge of oil above the permitted level for whatever reason, including for the purpose of securing the safety of the ship or saving life at sea; a discharge during the operation of the ship of oil in excess of the quantity or inst

47、antaneous rate permitted under the present Convention.* 2.3.1.2 Probable discharge: the Plan should gwe the master guidance to evaluate a situation which, though not involving an actual discharge, would qualifj as a probable discharge and thus require a report. In judging whether there is such a pro

48、bability and whether the report should be made, the following factor:;, as a minimum, should be taken into account: the nature of the damage, failure or breakdown of the ship, machinery or equipment; ship location and proximity to land or other navigational hazards; weather, tide, current and sea st

49、ate; and .1 .2 .1 .2 .3 .4 traffic density. 2.3.1.3 It is impracticable to lay down precise definitions of all types of situations involving probable discharge which would warrant an obligation to report. As a general guideline, the master should make a report in cases of: damage, failure or breakdown which affects the safety of ships; examples of such situations are collision, grounding, fire, explosion, structural failure, flooding, cargo shifting; and .1 .2 failure or breakdown of machinery or equipment which results in irnpairment of the safety of n