EN ISO 14689-2018 en Geotechnical investigation and testing - Identification description and classification of rock.pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06Geotechnical investigation and testing Identification, description and classification of rock (ISO 14689:2017)BS EN ISO 14689:2018EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 14689 February 2018 ICS 93.020 S

2、upersedes EN ISO 14689-1:2003English Version Geotechnical investigation and testing - Identification, description and classification of rock (ISO 14689:2017) Reconnaissance et essais gotechniques - Identification, description et classification des roches (ISO 14689:2017) Geotechnische Erkundung und

3、Untersuchung - Benennung, Beschreibung und Klassifizierung von Fels - Teil 1: Benennung und Beschreibung (ISO 14689:2017) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 November 2017. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for givin

4、g this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three offic

5、ial versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of

6、Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia,

7、Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved w

8、orldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 14689:2018 ENational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 14689:2018. It is identical to ISO 14689:2017. It supersedes BS EN ISO 146891:2003, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Tec

9、hnical Committee B/526/3, Site investigation and ground testing.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application

10、. The British Standards Institution 2018 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2018ISBN 978 0 580 87600 4ICS 93.020Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 3

11、1 March 2018.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 14689:2018EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 14689 February 2018 ICS 93.020 Supersedes EN ISO 14689-1:2003English Version Geotechnical investigation and testing - Identificati

12、on, description and classification of rock (ISO 14689:2017) Reconnaissance et essais gotechniques - Identification, description et classification des roches (ISO 14689:2017) Geotechnische Erkundung und Untersuchung - Benennung, Beschreibung und Klassifizierung von Fels - Teil 1: Benennung und Beschr

13、eibung (ISO 14689:2017) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 November 2017. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date list

14、s and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under

15、the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yug

16、oslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMI

17、T EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 14689:2018 EBS EN ISO 14689:2018EN ISO 14689:20

18、18 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN ISO 14689:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 182 “Geotechnics” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 341 “Geotechnical Investigation and Testing” the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given

19、the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2018. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be t

20、he subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 14689-1:2003. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this E

21、uropean Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Sl

22、ovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 14689:2017 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14689:2018 without any modification. BS EN ISO 14689:2018ISO 14689:2017(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms

23、and definitions . 14 Identification and description of rocks 34.1 General . 34.2 Rock identification . 34.3 Geological formation and age . 45 Rock material description 45.1 Colour 45.2 Grain size 55.3 Unconfined compressive strength 55.4 Weathering and alteration effects 65.5 Carbonate content 75.6

24、Degradation of rock material 76 Rock mass description 76.1 General . 76.2 Rock types . 86.3 Structure and bedding 86.4 Discontinuities 86.4.1 General 86.4.2 Measurement of discontinuity orientation . 96.4.3 Discontinuity spacing .106.4.4 Rock block shapes in three dimensions 106.4.5 Persistence of d

25、iscontinuities 116.4.6 Roughness . 116.4.7 Aperture . 126.4.8 Infilling 136.4.9 Seepage . 136.4.10 Joint sets . 136.5 Weathering of the rock mass . 137 Fracture indices in cores .148 Rock mass classification 159 Reporting .16Annex A (informative) Aid to identification of rocks on the basis of geolog

26、ical features for engineering purposes .17Annex B (informative) Classification of weathering of rocks (material and mass) 18Annex C (informative) Description of discontinuities in three dimensions .20Bibliography .21 ISO 2017 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 14689:2018ISO 14689:2017(E)F

27、orewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a tec

28、hnical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters o

29、f electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document

30、 was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such p

31、atent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does no

32、t constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TB

33、T) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 182, Geotechnics.This first edition of ISO 14689 cancels and replaces ISO 14689-1:2003, which has been technically revised.iv ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 14689:2018ISO 14689:201

34、7(E)IntroductionThis document gives details of the procedures to be followed in the identification and description of rocks which are to be used at all stages of ground investigation and geotechnical design. This comprises the description of the rock material and the rock mass characteristics in ter

35、ms of the bedding and discontinuities.The level of detail in a description will depend on the characteristics of the rock, the size and quality of the rock exposure or sample, and the needs of the particular project. The person carrying out the field identification and description should be suitably

36、 qualified, skilled and experienced to make a correct and appropriate description and experienced in the geological materials involved in the investigation.Practice in rock identification and description varies from country to country, in part reflecting significant differences in geological conditi

37、ons. In addition, the quality of samples available for description varies due to the investigation methods employed, as methods of investigation have been developed in response to the ground conditions present. ISO 2017 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 14689:2018Geotechnical investigation and testing

38、Identification, description and classification of rock1 ScopeThis document specifies the rules for the identification and description of rock material and mass on the basis of mineralogical composition, genetic aspects, structure, grain size, discontinuities and other parameters. It also provides ru

39、les for the description of other characteristics as well as for their designation.This document applies to the description of rock for geotechnics and engineering geology in civil engineering. The description is carried out on cores and other samples of rock and on exposures of rock masses.Rock mass

40、 classification systems using one or more descriptive parameters to suggest likely rock mass behaviour are beyond the scope of this document (see Bibliography).NOTE Identification and classification of soil for engineering purposes are covered in ISO 14688-1 and ISO 14688-2. Identification and descr

41、iption of materials intermediate between soil and rock are carried out using the procedures in ISO 14688-1, ISO 14688-2 and this document, as appropriate.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements

42、 of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 14688-1, Geotechnical investigation and testing Identification and classification of soil Part 1: Identification and d

43、escriptionISO 14688-2, Geotechnical investigation and testing Identification and classification of soil Part 2: Principles for a classification3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in

44、standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at http:/www.electropedia.org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:/www.iso.org/obp3.1discontinuitybreak in the rock material (3.7) continuity that is open or can open under the stress increase or reduction as a resu

45、lt of the engineering works3.2duricrustcemented zone occurring in weathered rock (3.5) or soil formed by the mobilization and deposition of minerals often due to pedogenic or evaporative processesINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14689:2017(E) ISO 2017 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 14689:2018ISO 14689:201

46、7(E)3.3fabricpreferred orientation or spatial arrangement of the constituent grains, crystals and matrix in the rock (3.5)Note 1 to entry: In sedimentary rocks, fabric is the orientation (or lack of it) in space of the constituents of the rock. The term is used in igneous and other crystalline rocks

47、 for the patterns produced by non-uniform arrangements of constituents.3.4foliationplanar arrangements of constituents such as crystals in any type of rock (3.5), especially the parallel structure (3.11) that results from flattening, segregation and other processes undergone by the grains in a metam

48、orphic rockNote 1 to entry: The original planar structure can be disrupted by folding or faulting during tectonic processes.3.5rocknaturally occurring assemblage or aggregate of mineral grains, crystals or mineral based particles compacted, cemented or otherwise bound together and which cannot be di

49、saggregated by hand in waterNote 1 to entry: Rocks are generally of greater strength than soils.3.6rock massrock (3.5) comprising the intact material together with the discontinuities and weathering zones3.7rock materialintact rock (3.5) between the discontinuities3.8rock matrixgroundmass of a rock material (3.7) which contains larger crystals, mineral grains or rock (3.5) particles3.9rock typenatural aggregation of one or more minerals or rock (3.5) fragments defined by its petrological composition, predominant grain size, structure (3.11),