DIN EN ISO 17296-4-2016 Additive manufacturing - General principles - Part 4 Overview of data processing (ISO 17296-4 2014) German version EN ISO 17296-4 2016《叠层制造 通用原则 第4部分 数据处理概述.pdf

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1、December 2016 English price group 10No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 25.030!%n“2599175www.din.deDIN

2、EN ISO 17296-4Additive manufacturing General principles Part 4: Overview of data processing (ISO 172964:2014);English version EN ISO 172964:2016,English translation of DIN EN ISO 17296-4:2016-12Additive Fertigung Grundlagen Teil 4: berblick ber die Datenverarbeitung (ISO 172964:2014);Englische Fassu

3、ng EN ISO 172964:2016,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 17296-4:2016-12Fabrication additive Principes gnraux Partie 4: Vue densemble des changes de donnes (ISO 172964:2014);Version anglaise EN ISO 172964:2016,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 17296-4:2016-12www.beuth.deDocument comprises 14 pagesD

4、Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.03.17 DIN EN ISO 17296-4:2016-12 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword The text of ISO 17296-4:2014 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 261 “Additive ma

5、nufacturing” and has been taken over as EN ISO 17296-4:2016 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 438 “Additive manufacturing” (Secretariat: AFNOR, France). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was DIN-Normenausschuss Werkstofftechnologie (DIN Standards Committee Technology of Materials),

6、 Working Committee NA 145-04-01 AA Additive Fertigung. It should be noted that ISO 17296-1 which has been referenced in ISO 17296-4 has not been published in that way, but as ISO/ASTM 52900. It can be ordered under this number. Furthermore, it should be noted that the standards ASTM F2792-12a and DI

7、N 66301 which have also been referenced in ISO 17296-4 have been withdrawn. However, withdrawn standards can still be purchased. The DIN Standard corresponding to the International Standard referred to in this document is as follows: ISO 4287 DIN EN ISO 4287 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliogra

8、phy DIN EN ISO 4287, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Surface texture: Profile method Terms, definitions and surface texture parameters ISO/IEC 14772-1:1997, Information technology Computer graphics and image processing The Virtual Reality Modeling Language Part 1: Functional specification a

9、nd UTF-8 encoding ISO/IEC 14772-2:2004, Information technology Computer graphics and image processing The Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) Part 2: External authoring interface (EAI) ISO/IEC 19775-1:2008, Information technology Computer graphics and image processing Extensible 3D (X3D) Part 1

10、: Architecture and base components EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 17296-4 September 2016 ICS 25.040.20 English Version Additive manufacturing - General principles - Part 4: Overview of data processing (ISO 17296-4:2014) Fabrication additive - Principes gnraux - Partie 4: Vu

11、e densemble des changes de donnes(ISO 17296-4:2014) Additive Fertigung - Grundlagen - Teil 4: berblick ber die Datenverarbeitung (ISO 17296-4:2014) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 August 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate

12、the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standa

13、rd exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the natio

14、nal standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slov

15、akia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means

16、 reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 17296-4:2016 EContents PageEuropean foreword .3Introduction 51 Scope . 62 Normative reference . 63 Terms and definitions . 74 Data exchange 74.1 Dataflow 74.2 Data formats 94.3 Data preparation 10Bibliography . 12DIN EN ISO 17296-4:2016-1

17、2 EN ISO 17296-4:2016 (E)2Foreword .4European foreword The text of ISO 17296-4:2014 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 261 “Additive manufacturing” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 17296-4:2016 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 43

18、8 “Additive Manufacturing” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the lates

19、t by March 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national stand

20、ards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Lu

21、xembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 17296-4:2014 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 17296-4:2016 without any modification. DIN EN ISO 17296-4:2016-12 EN ISO

22、17296-4:2016 (E)3 ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subj

23、ect for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IE

24、C) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be n

25、oted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifyin

26、g any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience

27、of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Suppl

28、ementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 261, Additive manufacturing.ISO 17296 consists of the following parts, under the general title Additive manufacturing General principles: Part 1: Terminology Part 2: Overview of process categories and feedstock Part 3: Main ch

29、aracteristics and corresponding test methods Part 4: Overview of data processingDIN EN ISO 17296-4:2016-12 EN ISO 17296-4:2016 (E)4 IntroductionAdditive manufacturing are an inherent part of the product development process. They are used to manufacture prototypes, tools, and production parts.In addi

30、tion to engineering, the scope of this interdisciplinary technology now covers fields ranging from architecture and medicine to archaeology and cartography.During its somewhat turbulent development, different terms and definitions have emerged which are frequently ambiguous and confusing. Moreover,

31、there are different processes available on the market and it is not always clear what opportunities and limitations they offer in terms of application.This International Standard aims to offer field-tested recommendations and advice to users (customers) and manufactures (both external and internal s

32、ervice providers), to improve communication between customer and supplier, and to contribute to an authoritative performance design and a smooth handling of the project.It assumes that the reader has a basic understanding of the process flow of different additive processes. It explains the processes

33、 used in practice in only much detail as it necessary to understand the statements.DIN EN ISO 17296-4:2016-12 EN ISO 17296-4:2016 (E)5 1 ScopeThis part of ISO 17296 covers the principal considerations which apply to data exchange for additive manufacturing. It specifies terms and definitions which e

34、nable information to be exchanged describing geometries or parts such that they can be additively manufactured. The data exchange method outlines file type, data enclosed formatting of such data and what this can be used for.This part of ISO 17296 enables a suitable format for data exchange to be sp

35、ecified, describes the existing developments for additive manufacturing of 3D geometries, outlines existing file formats used as part of the existing developments, and enables understanding of necessary features for data exchange for adopters of the International Standard.This part of ISO 17296 is a

36、imed at users and producers of additive manufacturing processes and associated software systems. It applies wherever additive processes are used, and to the following fields in particular: production of additive manufacturing systems and equipment including software; software engineers involved in C

37、AD/CAE systems; reverse engineering systems developers; test bodies wishing to compare requested and actual geometries.2 Normative referenceThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only

38、the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 17296-11), Additive manufacturing General principles Part 1: TerminologyASTM F2792-12a, Standard Terminology for Additive Manufacturing TechnologiesASTM F2915-11, S

39、tandard Specification for Additive Manufacturing File Format (AMF)DIN 66301, Industrial Automation Computer Aided Design Format For The Exchange Of Geometrical Information1) To be published.DIN EN ISO 17296-4:2016-12 EN ISO 17296-4:2016 (E)6 3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document,

40、the terms and definitions given in ISO 17296-12)and ASTM F2792-12a apply.4 Data exchange4.1 Dataflow4.1.1 GeneralA complete 3D data set of the part forms the basis of additive manufacturing. Most commonly, this is created by direct 3D CAD modelling. The data sets can also be generated by measurement

41、s if the parts exist in a physical form (see Figure 1).A representation based on facets is then generated from the volume or area model through polygonization or triangulation (see 4.1.2.4) and transferred to the additive manufacturing process in STL or VRML format (see 4.2.2 and 4.2.3). This softwa

42、re-assisted process runs automatically as far as possible.4.1.2 Explanation of the key terms used in Figure 14.1.2.1 3D CAD modelling (solid modelling)3D CAD modelling is the process most commonly used during design to produce a digital 3D model. The starting point can be an idea for a product, whic

43、h takes shape and becomes increasingly defined directly on the computer screen during the process, or a previously generated image of the object in the form of sketches, drawings, etc., which are then simply converted to 3D data. Volume can be described using two different techniques, or a combinati

44、on of both. The object is either composed of basic volumes (shapes) (e.g. cuboid, wedge, cylinder, cone, sphere, and toroid) which generate the actual object via a sequence of Boolean operations, or the volume is described by its surrounding boundary surfaces and the location of the material relativ

45、e to the boundary surfaces.4.1.2.2 3D digitalization (reverse engineering)3D digitalization is the process in which the surface geometry of a physical object is measured using appropriate hardware and software and recorded in a digital point cloud model. The objects can be manually produced or finis

46、hed models which need to be copied in digital form. The use of 3D digitalization is particularly efficient if the model has empirically drafted, freeform surface areas, since these are difficult to reproduce through direct 3D CAD modelling.4.1.2.3 Surface reconstructionSurface reconstruction is a me

47、ans of processing data generated through 3D digitalization. Starting from the computer-generated point cloud, mathematically described curves and surfaces are generated with sufficient topological information to adequately recreate the object surface. These data can then be stored separately or inte

48、grated into an existing CAD volume model. Reverse engineering thus creates a bridge between 3D digitalization and CAD modelling.2) To be published.DIN EN ISO 17296-4:2016-12 EN ISO 17296-4:2016 (E)7 Figure 1 General overview of traditional data flow from product idea to actual part (terminology)4.1.2.4 Polygonization/triangulationThis s