DIN EN 15251-2012 Indoor environmental input parameters for design and assessment of energy performance of buildings addressing indoor air quality thermal environment lighting and .pdf

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1、December 2012 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 21No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).I

2、CS 91.140.01!$-“1931061www.din.deDDIN EN 15251Indoor environmental input parameters for design and assessment ofenergy performance of buildings addressing indoor air quality, thermalenvironment, lighting and acoustics;English version EN 15251:2007,English translation of DIN EN 15251:2012-12Eingangsp

3、arameter fr das Raumklima zur Auslegung und Bewertung derEnergieeffizienz von Gebuden Raumluftqualitt, Temperatur, Licht und Akustik;Englische Fassung EN 15251:2007,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 15251:2012-12Critres dambiance intrieure pour la conception et valuation de la performancenergtique des

4、 btiments couvrant la qualit de lair intrieur, la thermique, lclairage etlacoustique;Version anglaise EN 15251:2007,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 15251:2012-12SupersedesDIN EN 15251:2007-08www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authorit

5、ative.6401.13DIN EN 15251:2012-12 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 156 “Ventilation for buildings” (Secretariat: BSI, United Kingdom). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschu

6、ss Heiz- und Raumluft-technik (Heating and Ventilation Technology Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 041-02-50 AA Grundlagen. Compared with the previous edition DIN EN 15251:2007-08 this standard includes the National Annex “National addenda and guidance on the application of this European S

7、tandard”. The substance of this National Annex has been adopted in its entirety from VDI 4706 “Criteria for indoor air climate”. Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 15215:2007-08 as follows: a) a National Annex has been included: “National addenda and guidance on the application of this Eur

8、opean Standard”. Previous editions DIN EN 15215: 2007-08 DIN EN 15251:2012-12 3 National Annex NA (informative) National addenda and guidance on the application of this European standard NA.1 General This annex relates to the requirements specified in this European Standard, in particular to categor

9、y II, c.f. Table NA.1 in Clause NA.2 of this annex. In order for the requirements for a comfortable indoor environment to be specified in a manner suitable for practical implementation, the annex contains supplementary and modified planning guidance concerning thermal comfort and air quality. The in

10、door environment specifications only apply to indoor spaces which are used as human occupancy zones for residential or work purposes. All comfort specifications are defined on the assumption that the occupants are engaged in low activity levels (1,2 met). Thermal comfort requirements of class II are

11、 not met at very high specific cooling powers. The values stated in VDI 3804 can be used as reference values for these cooling power limits. Excluded from this rule are spaces which are not intended for permanent occupancy or which are intended for use at other activity levels. Examples of rooms or

12、occupancy zones to which this annex does not apply are: production halls and sports venues. In this annex, no distinction is made between mechanical cooling and natural cooling when evaluating comfort-relevant parameters. Differentiated evaluation of the indoor environment purely on the basis of tec

13、hnical building systems does not seem justified, as further influencing factors (e.g. office equipment, daylight, cleanliness) would then have to be included in the evaluation as well. Field tests have shown that these parameters affect the evaluation results, too. For this reason, the specification

14、s in this annex are limited to findings which can be determined and verified under laboratory conditions. This annex applies to: residential spaces (as an alternative, the required air volume flow rates (NA.4.2) for residential buildings can be determined as described in DIN 1946-6): work spaces in

15、administrative buildings and office buildings; meeting/conference rooms in administrative buildings and office buildings. All specifications made in this annex can also be applied to other zones with comparable uses. This annex specifies indoor space environment requirements as a basis for designing

16、 system components, irrespective of their actual implementation. DIN EN 15251:2012-12 4 NA.2 Indoor environment categories The classification defined in DIN EN ISO 7730 is added to the nomenclature of this European Standard, meaning that class designations A, B and C of DIN EN ISO 7730 correspond to

17、 categories I, II and III of this European Standard. Table NA.1 Correlation of categories DIN EN 15251 (VDI 4706) DIN EN ISO 7730 I A II B III C IV For newly constructed buildings and rehabilitation of existing buildings, category II is recommended as a basis for planning and design. Deviating class

18、ifications shall be agreed upon between contractor and client. All particulars described in this annex relate to the occupancy zones in spaces which are supposed to conform to the requirements of category II. The specifications of this European Standard and DIN EN ISO 7730 apply to all other categor

19、ies. NA.3 Thermal indoor environment NA.3.1 General This annex deals with operative room temperatures, local air velocities and relative humidity. For all other thermal comfort criteria (floor temperature, vertical temperature gradient, asymmetrical radiation distribution), the specifications of DIN

20、 EN ISO 7730 apply. Guidance on the design of ventilation and air conditioning equipment is given in VDI 3804. NA.3.2 Operative indoor temperature NA.3.2.1 General The stated operative indoor temperature values relate to the spaces identified as the occupancy zone of a room. If temperature stratific

21、ation occurs in a room, the operative temperature value shall be determined at a height of 60 cm. During the planning phase, a particular reference point can be defined for the operative indoor temperature. In this case, any reasons for deviation of the reference point from the specified height (60

22、cm above floor level) are to be stated. In the case of simple floor geometry, the geometric centre of the area shall be used to define the central point of the room. For more complicated floor geometries, planners shall define the position of the reference point on the basis of the expected utilizat

23、ion of the space. NA.3.2.2 Operative indoor temperature values Figure NA.1 shows the range of recommended operative indoor temperatures. The area between two solid lines designates the range. The operative indoor temperature values refer to the hourly average values of the outdoor air temperature Au

24、,C. The range of operative indoor temperatures is described in terms of the operative temperature for maximum thermal comfort, designated as the comfort indoor temperature Ra,C, in conjunction with deviation limits of 2 K, in the following texts. DIN EN 15251:2012-12 5 The reference values for desig

25、ning HVAC equipment shall be agreed upon between contractor and client, c.f. VDI 4710, Part 3. The user must be able to compensate for tolerances in the specified operative room temperature functions by adapting his/her clothing. The values shown apply for normal thermal resistance of clothing, this

26、 being between 0,3 clo and 1,0 clo. If the use of clothing of thermal resistances beyond this range is to be expected, corresponding agreements shall be made between contractor and client. See DIN EN ISO 7730 for reference values of typical thermal resistances of clothing. All statements in this ann

27、ex relating to the comfort of a room occupant are based on an assumed low activity level (1,2 met). The comfort indoor temperature Ra,Cis 22 C for outdoor temperatures Au,Cbelow 16 C, and 26 C for outdoor temperatures Au,Cabove 32 C. For intermediate values, the comfort indoor temperature is calcula

28、ted using the equation: AT0,25C18 CRa, in which AT is the outdoor temperature in C. The operative indoor temperature Rais within the range of 2 K relative to the comfort indoor temperature Ra,C. Key X current outdoor air temperature in C Y operative indoor temperature in C Figure NA.1 Comfort indoor

29、 temperature Ra,C(dashed line) with permitted tolerance range of the operative indoor temperature (solid lines) as a function of the hourly average outdoor air temperature. All values apply solely to rooms in which occupants can adapt their clothing. DIN EN 15251:2012-12 6 NA.3.2.3 Permitted deviati

30、on from specifications If a deviation from the specified room values is to be expected due to internal or external cooling loads, dynamic calculation methods as described in VDI 6020 Part 1 are recommended for planning and design processes. The frequency of deviations from the specified operative te

31、mperatures can be determined on the basis of these calculation methods. In order to conform to class II as described in this annex, a degree-hour criterion is used to evaluate the results of the calculations (see Annex F in conjunction with Annex G, procedure B of this European Standard), since othe

32、rwise it would be necessary to take the duration and the magnitude of the deviations into consideration separately. When results of dynamic calculation methods are being evaluated, the values exceeding the operative indoor temperature range and the values failing to reach this range shall be stated

33、separately. Class II as defined in this annex is still considered to be achieved if the deviation from the tolerance range of the operative room temperature is 2 K during less than 1 % of the time the room is in use. Lower deviations are permitted over longer periods as determined by the degree-hour

34、s criterion. If the room temperatures exceed or fail to reach the specified operative indoor temperature range shown in Figure NA.1 and deviate by more than 2 K, the respective space will always lose classification in class II as defined in this annex. EXAMPLE A room which is to be used daily from 0

35、7:00 to 17:00 ( 10 hours) is found to have a permitted deviation of 73 K/a ( a/hK732365101001 Kaddh). Periods of too high temperatures and periods of too low temperatures are to be calculated separately and then added. Deviations which occur outside of the usage times do not need to be taken into co

36、nsideration. The dynamic calculations are based on the test reference years of the Deutscher Wetterdienst (German Meteorological Service). Separate consideration of the effects of microclimate and/or city climate and the weather data for extreme winter and summer conditions in the calculations is re

37、commended, see VDI 4710 Part 3. NA.3.3 Air flow velocity High air velocities, especially in conjunction with low air temperatures, can lead to a localized sensation of draught. The thermal comfort of occupants can therefore be impaired if the air flow velocity is too high in the occupancy zones of a

38、 room, despite the operative indoor temperature as specified in this annex being maintained. The risk of draught is not just related to the air flow velocity and the air temperature, but is also significantly influenced by the air flow turbulence. For this reason, the maximum values of the mean air

39、flow velocities are stated for varying turbulence intensities. The values relate to the measurement rules outlined in DIN EN 13182. As opposed to the value given in DIN EN ISO 7730, the risk of draught is limited to 15 %. The maximum values of the mean air flow velocity can be calculated as describe

40、d in DIN EN ISO 7730 on the basis of the local air temperature t, the local mean air flow velocity vmand the local turbulence Tu. When planning and designing a mixed air conditioning and ventilation system, a turbulence intensity of 40 % can be assumed. Velocity values for displacement ventilation s

41、ystems can be calculated with an assumed turbulence of 20 %. Figure NA.2 shows the indoor air flow velocities as a function of the indoor temperature for several different turbulence intensities. NA.3.4 Humidity The relative humidity affects heat transfer processes on the surface of the human skin.

42、The relative and absolute humidity values relate to the specified occupancy zone. The upper limit values are 65 % relative humidity and 11,5 g/kg absolute humidity. Relative humidity values of less than 30 % may lead to health impairments (e.g. dry mucous membranes), and unpleasant static electricit

43、y charges may be generated. DIN EN 15251:2012-12 7 At high relative humidities, thermal comfort can be maintained by providing a low operative indoor temperature and vice versa. Key X air temperature in C Y air flow velocity in m/s a turbulence intensity Figure NA.2 Permitted mean air flow velocitie

44、s in the occupancy zone (DR = 15 %) in which DR draught risk NA.4 Air quality NA.4.1 General A considerable amount of criteria can be applied to qualify the air quality in a room, some of which can be determined by suitable measurement methods whereas others can only be partially or completely evalu

45、ated directly by human beings (odours). Since the 1980s, the Kommission Reinhaltung der Luft im VDI und DIN Normenausschuss KRdL (Commission on Air Pollution Prevention of VDI and DIN Standards Committee) has been compiling technical rules for measuring the air pollutants named below, to quote some

46、examples, and for evaluating the named odour criteria. The series of guidelines VDI 4300 (measurement strategy), VDI 4301 (measurement technology) and the standards series DIN ISO 16000 (measurement technology, odours) and DIN EN ISO 16000 (measurement strategy) describe how the quality of indoor ai

47、r can be determined and evaluated in a practical manner. DIN EN 15251:2012-12 8 Examples of indoor air quality parameters that can be determined by suitable measurement methods are: gaseous components (e.g. radon, see DIN ISO 11665-8, VOC see DIN EN ISO 16000-5, formaldehyde see DIN EN ISO 16000-2,

48、DIN ISO 16000-3 and DIN ISO 16000-4); suitable pollution reference compounds (e.g. carbon dioxide concentrations for human emissions, see VDI 4300 Part 7 and DIN ISO 16000-8); particles and fibres (see VDI 4300 Part 11 (in preparation) and DIN EN ISO 16000-7); particle-phase constituents (e.g. dioxi

49、ns/PCB see DIN EN ISO 16000-12, DIN ISO 16000-13 and DIN ISO 16000-14, flame retardants see VDI 4301 Part 5, plasticizers see VDI 4301 Part 6); moulds (VDI 4300 Part 10, DIN EN ISO 13788 and DIN ISO 16000-16 to DIN ISO 16000-19) and bacteria (VDI 4252 Part 3, VDI 4253 Part 3). Air quality criteria which can only be evaluated by human senses include: odour intensity; odour sensation/hedonics and acceptance (perceived air quality). Refer to DIN ISO 16000-28 for methods of determination. Air quality