DIN EN 1077-2007 Helmets for alpine skiers and swowboarders English version of DIN EN 1077 2007-11《高山滑雪用头盔》.pdf

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1、November 2007DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 11No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 13.340.20!$JJ=“139392

2、6www.din.deDDIN EN 1077English version of DIN EN 1077:2007-11Helme fr alpine Skilufer und fr SnowboarderEnglische Fassung DIN EN 1077:2007-11SupersedesDIN EN 1077:1996-05www.beuth.deDocument comprises 21 pagesHelmets for alpine skiers and snowboardersDIN EN 1077:2007-11 2 Start of validity This stan

3、dard is valid from 01 November 2007. National foreword This standard includes safety requirements within the meaning of the Gerte- und Produktsicherheitsgesetz (GPSG) (German Equipment and Consumer Goods Safety Law). This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 158 “Head protection”

4、 (Secretariat: BSI, United Kingdom), Working Group WG 9 “Protective helmets for alpine skiers”. The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Sport- und Freizeitgert (Sports Equipment Standards Committee), Technical Committee NA 112-04-02 AA Sportschutzhelme. Helmet

5、s as specified in this standard fall within the scope of the Gerte- und Produktsicherheitsgesetz (GPSG). Once compliance with the requirements specified in 7 of the GPSG has been verified by an accredited test house, the helmets may be marked with the symbol GS (= geprfte Sicherheit, safety tested).

6、 Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 1077:1996-05 as follows: a) The scope has been expanded to include snowboarders. b) Two classes of protection have been introduced. c) The requirements have been adapted to the state of the art. d) In clause 5 “Testing” reference is made to the relevant

7、test methods specified in the EN 13087 series. e) The requirements for the information to be supplied by the manufacturer have been expanded. f) The standard has been editorially revised to reflect the current CEN rules for drafting publications. Previous editions DIN 33952: 1988-02 DIN EN 1077: 199

8、6-05 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1077 August 2007 ICS 13.340.20 Supersedes EN 1077:1996 English Version Helmets for alpine skiers and snowboarders Casques pour skieurs de ski alpin et de surf des neiges Helme fr alpine Skilufer und fr Snowboarder This European Standard was a

9、pproved by CEN on 17 February 2007. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nat

10、ional standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and

11、 notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg

12、, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights

13、of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1077:2007: EEN 1077:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword4 Introduction .5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Requirements.7 4.1 Materials .7 4.2 Construction.8 4.2.1 Genera

14、l8 4.2.2 Retention system.8 4.3 Field of vision.9 4.4 Extent of coverage.9 4.4.1 Class A9 4.4.2 Class B9 4.5 Shock absorbing capacity 11 4.6 Resistance to penetration.11 4.7 Retention system performance11 4.7.1 Strength 11 4.7.2 Effectiveness11 4.8 Durability 11 5 Testing 11 5.1 Sampling.11 5.2 Insp

15、ection and determination of mass12 5.3 Conditioning.12 5.3.1 Room conditioning 12 5.3.2 Low temperature conditioning .12 5.3.3 Artificial ageing12 5.4 Test areas .13 5.4.1 General13 5.4.2 Test area for class A13 5.4.3 Test area for class B13 5.5 Determination of shock absorbing capacity.14 5.5.1 App

16、aratus .14 5.5.2 Procedure .15 5.6 Determination of resistance to penetration 15 5.6.1 Apparatus .15 5.6.2 Procedure .16 5.7 Determination of retention system strength.16 5.7.1 Apparatus .16 5.7.2 Procedure .16 5.8 Determination of retention system effectiveness 16 5.8.1 Apparatus .16 5.8.2 Procedur

17、e .16 5.9 Test report 16 6 Marking .17 EN 1077:2007 (E) 3 7 Information to be supplied by the manufacturer .17 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 89/686/EEC .18 Bibliography19 EN 1077:2007 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN

18、 1077:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 158 “Head protection”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2008, and confl

19、icting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2008. This document supersedes EN 1077:1996. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 89/

20、686/EEC. For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulga

21、ria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 1077:2007 (E) 5 Introduction

22、The intention of helmets is to reduce the risk of injury to the skull and part of the head surrounded by the helmet. The protection given by a helmet depends on the circumstances of the accident and wearing a helmet cannot always prevent death or long term disability. A proportion of the energy of a

23、n impact is absorbed by the helmet, thereby reducing the force of the blow sustained by the head. The structure of the helmet may be damaged in absorbing this energy and any helmet that sustains a severe blow should be replaced even if damage is not apparent. To achieve the performance of which it i

24、s capable, and to ensure stability on the head, a helmet should be as closely fitting as possible consistent with comfort. In use it is essential that the helmet is securely fastened, with any chin strap under proper tension at all times. Although the experience of the existing standard for alpine s

25、kiers is very good, it has become more and more obvious that there is a need for an alternative standard that can meet the demand from skiers and snowboarders who desire more ventilation and better hearing. This has resulted in two classes of helmets, class A and class B. Compared to class B, class

26、A protects a larger area of the head and offers a higher degree of protection from penetration. EN 1077:2007 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard is applicable to performance requirements and tests for two classes of helmets for alpine skiers, snowboarders and for similar groups, including children

27、and participants in competitions. The standard comprises two different classes of protection, class A and class B. Requirements and the corresponding methods of test, where appropriate, are given for the following: construction including field of vision; shock absorbing properties; resistance to pen

28、etration; retention system properties; marking and information. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced documen

29、t (including any amendments) applies. EN 960, Headforms for use in the testing of protective helmets EN 13087-2:2000, Protective helmets Test methods Part 2: Shock absorption EN 13087-3:2000, Protective helmets Test methods Part 3: Resistance to penetration EN 13087-4:2000, Protective helmets Test m

30、ethods Part 4: Retention system effectiveness EN 13087-5:2000, Protective helmets Test methods Part 5: Retention system strength EN 13087-6, Protective helmets Test methods Part 6: Field of vision 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3

31、.1 protective helmet item to be worn on the head, intended to absorb the energy of a foreseeable impact thus reducing the risk of injury to the head 3.2 shell outer layer which provides part of the whole general form of the helmet 3.3 helmet type category of helmets which does not differ in such ess

32、ential respects as the materials or dimensions or construction of the helmet, or of the retention system EN 1077:2007 (E) 7 NOTE Helmet type may include a range of helmet sizes, provided that the thickness of the protective padding in each size in the range is at least equal to that in the helmet wh

33、ich, when subjected to the tests, satisfies the requirements of this standard. 3.4 padding 3.4.1 protective padding material used to absorb impact energy 3.4.2 comfort padding liner material provided for the wearers comfort 3.4.3 sizing padding liner material used for adjustment of the helmet size 3

34、.5 retention system complete assembly by means of which the helmet is maintained in position on the head, including any devices for adjustment of the system or to enhance the wearers comfort 3.6 chin-strap part of the retention system that passes under the wearers jaw to keep the helmet in position

35、3.7 basic plane of the human head plane at the level of the external ear opening (external auditory meatus) and the lower edge of the eye sockets (orbits) 3.8 basic plane of a headform plane relative to the headform that corresponds to the basic plane of the human head 3.9 reference plane constructi

36、on plane parallel to the basic plane of the headform at a distance from it which is a function of the size of the headform 4 Requirements 4.1 Materials For those parts of the helmet coming into contact with the skin the material used shall not be subject to any known appreciable alteration from cont

37、act with sweat or with substances likely to be found in toiletries. Materials shall not be used which are known to cause skin disorders or other adverse effects on health. For a material not in general use advice as to its suitability shall be sought before its introduction. Examples for documents w

38、hich can be presented as evidence of chemical innocuousness are given in the NOTE. NOTE The following list of documents is given for information and as examples of documents to be examined: EN 1077:2007 (E) 8 a) materials specifications; b) safety data sheets relating to the materials; c) informatio

39、n relating to the suitability of the materials for use with food, in medical devices, or other relevant applications; d) information relating to toxicological, allergenic, carcinogenic, toxic to reproduction or mutagenic investigations on the materials; e) information relating to ecotoxicological an

40、d other environmental investigations on the materials. The examination should determine whether the claim that the materials are suitable for use in the protective helmet is justified. Particular attention needs to be paid to the presence of plasticisers, unreacted components, heavy metals, impuriti

41、es and the chemical identity of pigments and dyes. All metallic materials which could come into prolonged contact with the skin (e.g. buckles, fittings) are recommended to be tested according to EN 1811 for emission of nickel. 4.2 Construction 4.2.1 General The helmet shall be so designed and shaped

42、 that parts of it (for example visor, rivets, ventilators, edges, fastening device etc.) are not likely to injure the user. This can be verified in accordance with 5.2. NOTE Helmets should: - have low weight; - be easy to put on and take off; - be usable with spectacles; - not significantly interfer

43、e with the ability of the user to hear; - have good durability and withstand normal handling; - permit cleaning. 4.2.2 Retention system 4.2.2.1 General Means shall be provided for retaining the helmet on the wearers head. All parts of the retention system shall be securely attached to the system or

44、to the helmet, so it would not come off during its use. This can be verified in accordance with Clauses 5.7 and 5.8 NOTE It is recommended that the opening mechanism is marked with red or orange colour. The colour of any part of the retention system shall not be green. 4.2.2.2 Chin straps The chin s

45、trap shall not include a chin cup. Any chin strap shall be not less than 15 mm wide. This can be verified in accordance with 5.2. Chin straps may be fitted with means of enhancing comfort for the wearer. EN 1077:2007 (E) 9 4.2.2.3 Fastening devices Any retention system shall be fitted with a device

46、to adjust and maintain tension in the system. The strength in the system shall be in accordance with 4.7.1. 4.3 Field of vision When tested in accordance with EN 13087-6, there shall be no occultation in the field of vision bounded by angles as follows: horizontally 105; upwards 25; downwards 45. 4.

47、4 Extent of coverage 4.4.1 Class A For Class A, when positioned in accordance with EN 13087-6 on a headform of appropriate size, the helmet shall cover at least the area above the line BCDEA in Figure 1. No parts of the coverage may be detachable. Examples of different headform sizes are given in Ta

48、ble 1. Those parts covering the area below the reference plane (shaded in Figure 1) shall be designed to give some protection against mechanical risks like abrasion. This can be verified in accordance with 5.2. Smaller openings for better hearing and/or ventilation are allowed. 4.4.2 Class B For Cla

49、ss B, when positioned in accordance with EN 13087-6 on a headform of appropriate size, the helmet shall cover at least the area above the line BCA in Figure 1. Parts below the AA plane (shaded part in Figure 1) are optional and may be detachable and/or removable. Examples of different headform sizes are given in Table 1. EN 1077:2007 (E) 10 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 reference plane 2 basic plane 3 central vertical axis Figure 1 Minimum extent of coverage: Measurements for different headform sizes EN 1077:2007 (E) 11