DIN CWA 14094-2001 European culturally specific ICT requirements (English version CWA 14094 2001)《欧洲文化特定的ICT要求》.pdf
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1、Englische Fassung CWA 14094:2001ICS 35.240.01Kulturspezifische europische KT-AnforderungenNationales VorwortDieses CEN Workshop Agreement CWA 14094, das vom CEN/ISSS Workshop on European Culturally SpecificICT Requirements (WS-ESR) erarbeitet wurde, wird ausschlielich in englischer Sprache zur Verfg
2、ung gestellt.CEN Workshop Agreements werden im Rahmen eines Konsortiums entwickelt. Sie unterscheiden sich vonEuropischen Normen dadurch, dass sie grundstzlich kein ffentliches Einspruchsverfahren durchlaufen unddass auch keine nationale Meinungsbildung stattfindet. Im Gegensatz zu Europischen Norme
3、n, die denKonsens aller interessierten Kreise darstellen, haben CEN Workshop Agreements lediglich die Zustimmung derunmittelbar beteiligten Mitglieder des Konsortiums gefunden.Fr den Inhalt sind ausschlielich die Mitglieder des Konsortiums verantwortlich (siehe ergnzende Hinweise imCWA-Vorwort). Wed
4、er das CEN-Management-Zentrum noch die CEN-Mitglieder haben den Inhalt auf even-tuelle Fehler oder Widersprche zu Normen und Rechtsvorschriften geprft.CWA 14094 Beuth Verlag GmbH, 2001.Jede Art der Vervielfltigung, auch auszugsweise,nur mit Genehmigung des Beuth Verlages gestattet.Alleinverkauf durc
5、h Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 BerlinRef. Nr. DIN CWA 14094:2001-06RW DIN CWA Preisgr. 01European Culturally SpecificICT RequirementsFortsetzung 16 Seiten CWAJuni 2001 Leerseite Rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 BruxellesTel : +32 2 550 08 11 Fax : +32 2 550 08 19EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EU
6、ROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG WORKSHOPCWA 14094AGREEMENTJanuary 2001ICS 35.240.01European Culturally Specific ICT Requirements 2001 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved world-wide forCEN National MembersRef. No CWA 14094:2001 EThis CEN Workshop
7、 Agreement can in no way be held as being an official standardas developed by CEN National Members.Page 2CWA 14094:2001Table of ContentsFOREWORD. 3INTRODUCTION. 41 SCOPE . 52 REFERENCES . 63 DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS 64 GENERAL 75 ELEMENTS FOR THE CHECKLIST 85.1 Sub-areas.85.2 Characters.85.3 Us
8、e of special characters 105.4 Numbers, monetary amounts, letter written figures .115.5 Date and time 125.6 Telephone numbers and addresses, bank account numbers and personal identification 135.7 Units of measures145.8 Mathematical symbols145.9 Icons and symbols, meaning of colours.155.10 Man-machine
9、 interface and Culture related political and legal requirements .15ANNEX A (NORMATIVE) . 16Page 3CWA 14094:2001FOREWORDThe production of this document which describes European culturally specific requirements oninformation and communications technologies was agreed by the CEN/ISSS Workshop EuropeanC
10、ulturally Specific ICT Requirements (WS-ESR) in the Workshops Kick-Off meeting on 1998-11-23.The document has been developed through the collaboration of a number of contributing partners in WS-ESR. WS-ESR representation gathers a wide mix of interests, coming from academia, publicadministrations, I
11、T-suppliers, and other interested experts. The present CWA (CEN WorkshopAgreement) has received the support of representatives of each of these sectors. A list of experts whohave supported the documents contents may be obtained from the CEN/ISSS Secretariat. The finalreview/endorsement round of this
12、 CWA was started on 2000-02-17 and was successfully closed on 2000-mm-dd. The final text of this CWA was submitted to CEN for publication on 2000-mm-dd.The CEN Workshop Agreement has only been made in English.Page 4CWA 14094:2001INTRODUCTIONInformation and communications technologies (ICT) have been
13、 and continue to be undergoingbreakthrough developments. Computers started as being helpful tools for highly repetitive or numbercrunching applications. For the sake of minimising the then exorbitant cost of processing cycles,computer memory (where each bit was still in the 70s physically represente
14、d by a magnetic ring withthree wires running through it) and direct access storage, there was initially precious little room forvariance and/or fine details at the system level in the coding schemes for entering and storing the data andat the application level for presenting the data. Although the t
15、echnology base for the restrictions has longsince gone, the user community at large is still in its infancy in the appreciation of what flexibility forcultural adaptability can be requested and expected from modern ICT solutions.The system vendor community is busily building the infrastructure to me
16、et the known and anticipateduser requirements for this adaptability. While doing this, they face a number of challenging questions:1. For which aspects/elements in the system is there a genuine justification to require culturaladaptability (and what are the actual conventions to be used in each case
17、)?2. How to provide this adaptability for use in application software (and how to make the applicationsoftware houses utilise it)?3. How to bring this adaptability to the end user in a transparent and seamless manner?In line with the Protection of Cultural Diversity theme driven by the Commission of
18、 the EuropeanCommunities (CEC), the primary intent of this CEN Workshop Agreement is to address the first part ofquestion 1 above for Europe. In order to do so, the requirements of European nations and cultural groupsneed be covered, as well as those stemming from the natural interactions between th
19、ese groups, inaddition to those imposed by formally pan-European application environments.The evident answer to address both parts of the second question is to use standardised methods, be theyagreed upon within the formal International Organization for Standardization (ISO/IEC JTC 1, “JointTechnica
20、l Committee 1 for Information Technology“ and particularly its SC 22/WG 20, “ProgrammingLanguages / Internationalization“) or European Committee for Standardization (CEN ISSS, “InformationSociety Standardization System“ and particularly its TC 304, “ICT - European LocalizationRequirements“), the Wor
21、ld Wide Web Consortium (W3C, particularly its “User Interface:Internationalization“), the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), or whatever, as long as the forum iswidely accepted. For any general solution, each IT system platform and each application must be“internationalised“ in order for them t
22、o be able to be “localised“. Unless the various platforms providesimilar and ideally identical mechanisms (including the APIs, Application Programming Interfaces) for abroad enough set, the cost and other benefits of portability for cultural adaptability will not materialise.The answer to the second
23、 part also implies that the answer to the second part of question 1 is available.The third question is the ultimate dilemma for the vendor community: A set of default values for eachgroup of users must be easy to select (which is fully under the control of the vendors) and support theircultural conv
24、entions without modifications (which cannot be controlled by the vendors). These valuesthemselves are not addressed by this CWA since, in order for them to be reliable, they must be providedat source, i.e. by the proper representatives of each nation and cultural group. Mechanisms are beingdeveloped
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