CGSB 3 24-2016 Aviation turbine fuel (Military grades F-34 F-37 and F-44).pdf

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1、CGSB-3.24-2016Supersedes CGSB-3.24-2012CGSB StandardCanadian General Standards BoardAviation turbine fuel (Military grades F-34, F-37 and F-44)The CANADIAN GENERAL STANDARDS BOARD (CGSB), under whose auspices this standard has been developed, is a government agency within Public Services and Procure

2、ment Canada. CGSB is engaged in the production of voluntary standards in a wide range of subject areas through the media of standards committees and the consensus process. The standards committees are composed of representatives of relevant interests including producers, consumers and other users, r

3、etailers, governments, educational institutions, technical, professional and trade societies, and research and testing organizations. Any given standard is developed on the consensus of views expressed by such representatives.CGSB has been accredited by the Standards Council of Canada as a national

4、standards-development organization. The standards that it develops and offers as National Standards of Canada conform to the criteria and procedures established for this purpose by the Standards Council of Canada. In addition to standards it publishes as National Standards of Canada, CGSB produces s

5、tandards to meet particular needs, in response to requests from a variety of sources in both the public and private sectors. Both CGSB standards and CGSB national standards are developed in conformance with the policies described in the CGSB Policy and Procedures Manual for the Development and Maint

6、enance of Standards.CGSB standards are subject to review and revision to ensure that they keep abreast of technological progress. CGSB will initiate the review of this standard within five years of the date of publication. Suggestions for their improvement, which are always welcome, should be brough

7、t to the notice of the standards committees concerned. Changes to standards are issued either as separate amendment sheets or in new editions of standards.An up-to-date listing of CGSB standards, including details on latest issues and amendments, and ordering instructions, is found in the CGSB Catal

8、ogue at our Web site www.tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca/ongc-cgsb/index-eng.html along with more information about CGSB products and services.Although the intended primary application of this standard is stated in its Scope, it is important to note that it remains the responsibility of the users of the standard

9、to judge its suitability for their particular purpose.The testing and evaluation of a product against this standard may require the use of materials and/or equipment that could be hazardous. This document does not purport to address all the safety aspects associated with its use. Anyone using this s

10、tandard has the responsibility to consult the appropriate authorities and to establish appropriate health and safety practices in conjunction with any applicable regulatory requirements prior to its use. CGSB neither assumes nor accepts any responsibility for any injury or damage that may occur duri

11、ng or as the result of tests, wherever performed.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this Canadian standard may be the subject of patent rights. CGSB shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Users of this standard are expressly advis

12、ed that determination of the validity of any such patent rights is entirely their own responsibility.LanguageIn this Standard, “shall” states a mandatory requirement, “should” expresses a recommendation and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of this Sta

13、ndard. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their applica

14、tion.Further information on CGSB and its services and standards may be obtained from:The Manager Standards Division Canadian General Standards Board Gatineau, Canada K1A 1G6by telephone 819-956-0425 or 1-800-665-2472by fax 819-956-5740by mail CGSB Sales Centre Gatineau, Canada K1A 1G6in person Place

15、 du Portage Phase III, 6B1 11 Laurier Street Gatineau, Quebecby email ncr.cgsb-ongctpsgc-pwgsc.gc.caon the Web www.tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca/ongc-cgsb/index-eng.htmlHow to order Publications:Aviation turbine fuel(Military grades F-34, F-37 and F-44)CETTE NORME DE LONGC EST DISPONIBLE EN VERSIONS FRANAISE ET

16、 ANGLAISE.ICS 75.160.20Canadian General Standards Board CGSB-3.24-2016Supersedes CGSB-3.24-2012Prepared by theCanadian General Standards Board Published November 2016 by the Canadian General Standards Board Gatineau, Canada K1A 1G6 HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN IN RIGHT OF CANADA, as represented by the Mini

17、ster of Public Works and Government Services, the Minister responsible for the Canadian General Standards Board, (2016). No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without the prior permission of the publisher.CGSB-3.24-2016 CGSB 2016 All rights reservedCANADIAN GENERAL STANDARDS BOAR

18、DCommittee on Aviation Fuels(Voting membership at date of approval)ChairPoitras, P. National Defence (User)General interest categoryHanganu, A. Inspectorate CanadaMacLean, G. Intertek Commodities DivisionPama, M. Certispec Services Inc.Pickard, A. L. ConsultantTharby, R. D. Tharby Technology, Consul

19、tantsWispinski, D. Alberta Innovates Technology FuturesProducer categoryBurgazli, J. Innospec Inc.Camp, K. Imperial Oil Ltd.Conn, A. Ethyl CorporationGeoffroy, L. Valero Energy CorporationGropp, R. GE Water and Process TechnologiesMitchell, K. Shell Canada Ltd.Munroe, D. Suncor Energy Inc.Titus, J.

20、Irving Oil Ltd.Regulator categoryBilcock, D. Transport CanadaUser categoryBrar, C. Air CanadaBriggs, D. Government of the Northwest TerritoriesCooper, S. Government of NunavutDay, T. WestJet Airlines Ltd.MacLeod, B. Public Services and Procurement CanadaWaddleton, D. Pratt however, when results are

21、obtained by both methods, D2276 shall be considered the referee method.kThe minimum micro-separometer (MSEP) rating applies from the point of manufacture to at the point immediately before the fuel enters dedicated transportation to military storage. MSEP by ASTM D7224 can be useful in determining t

22、he water separation characteristics of a batch of jet fuel even when additized with static dissipator additive and certain other additives that do not actually degrade water separation performance in coalescing separators. When the fuel enters dedicated transportation to military storage, or when th

23、e fuel is already in military storage, the MSEP rating requirement shall not apply. When a corrosion inhibitor/lubricity improver (see 6.6) is added, the MSEP limits apply before its addition. For clarity MSEP results shall be reported by test method (i.e. MSEP by ASTM D3948 or MSEP by ASTM D7224).l

24、Conductivity often drops during fuel distribution due to additive depletion and lower temperatures, as noted the limits also apply at point of use.mHydrogen-processing is any petroleum refining process that uses hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst.nThe synthetic hydrocarbon content, aromatics, di

25、stillation slope, and lubricity criteria only apply to aviation turbine fuels produced to this specification that contain synthetic hydrocarbons. The criteria do not apply to aviation turbine fuels produced to CGSB-3.24 specifications from conventional hydrocarbons and that do not contain synthesize

26、d hydrocarbons. The criteria are also not applicable to aviation turbine fuels containing synthesized hydrocarbons after the fuels have been manufactured, blended and released to CGSB-3.24.oThe synthetic hydrocarbon content of the blend shall be calculated from metered (measured) volumes used to pre

27、pare the blend. Lower maximum limit may apply as per ASTM D7566.pMinimum aromatics content limits are based on current experience with synthetic fuels, and these values were established from what is typical for jet fuel produced from conventional hydrocarbons.qThe distillation slope limits are based

28、 on current experience with synthetic fuels, and these values were established from what is typical for jet fuel produced from conventional hydrocarbons.5.15 Sulphur The accuracy of ASTM D7039 for the sulphur content of jet fuel beyond 2822 mg/kg has not been validated. Users are cautioned to conduc

29、t their own validation when using this test method for jet fuel containing more than 2822 mg/kg sulphur.6 Additive requirements6.1 Only the additives listed in 6.2 to 6.7 may be added to the fuel. Refer to 5.13 for specified limiting values and test method for each property. The supplier shall recor

30、d the amount and names of each additive added to the fuel.CGSB-3.24-20169 CGSB 2016 All rights reserved6.1.1 The amount of each additive used in the fuel shall be determined by the test method (see 5.13 and 9.5) or by volume reconciliation. Procedures for volume reconciliation should include recordi

31、ng the volume of additive introduced to the fuel and the volume of fuel additized in appropriate units.6.2 Static dissipator additive (SDA)6.2.1 Static dissipator additive STADIS 4501 shall be added to the fuel to meet the electrical conductivity requirements specified in 5.12.1. The original concen

32、tration of the SDA shall not exceed 3 mg/L.6.2.2 When additive depletion is evident by a conductivity loss, further addition of the SDA is permitted as follows: If the original concentration of the SDA is not known, then an original addition of 3 mg/L is assumed and further addition of SDA shall not

33、 exceed 2 mg/L. The cumulative concentration of the SDA shall not exceed 5 mg/L.6.2.3 Electrical conductivity varies with temperature. A typical relationship follows:log ( )tkttakt11log+=where:tk = electrical conductivity at temperature t, Ckt1= electrical conductivity at temperature t1, Ca = a fact

34、or that depends on fuel composition but normally is within the range 0.013 to 0.018 for kerosene-type aviation turbine fuels6.2.3.1 The temperature-conductivity factor, a, increases at or below an approximate temperature of -10C. For conductivity at very low temperatures, it is recommended that a se

35、parate factor be determined based on actual measurements at the lowest temperatures that are assumed will be encountered. For more information on how low temperature affects conductivity, see the relevant Appendix of ASTM D2624.6.3 Antioxidants6.3.1 The addition of antioxidants is mandatory for the

36、hydrogen-processed portion of the fuel, but optional for the non-hydrogen-processed portion of the fuel (see 5.13.2).6.3.2 Only the following antioxidants may be added separately or in combination to the fuel. The total concentration (not including mass of solvent) shall not exceed 24 mg/L.a) 2,6-di

37、-tert-butylphenolb) 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenolc) 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol (2,4-dimethyl-6-tertiary butylphenol)d) 75% minimum, 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol25% maximum mixture of tert- and tri-tert-butylphenols1STADIS 450, a registered trademark of Innospec Fuel Specialties LLC, is manufactur

38、ed in the United States and distributed globally by Innospec Fuel Specialties LLC.10CGSB-3.24-2016 CGSB 2016 All rights reservede) 55% minimum, 2-tert-butyl-4, 6-dimethylphenol (2,4-dimethyl-6-tertiary butylphenol)15% minimum, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenolRemainder as methyl and dimethyl tert-but

39、ylphenolsf) 72% minimum 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol (2,4-dimethyl-6-tertiary butylphenol) 28% maximum, methyl and dimethyl tert-butylphenols.NOTE The names of the antioxidants conform to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) naming convention. In some cases, the common na

40、me of the antioxidant has been included in brackets after the IUPAC name.6.4 Metal deactivator additive (MDA)Only N,N-disalicylidene-1,2-propane-diamine may be added as a metal deactivator at a concentration not exceeding 2.0 mg/L (not including mass of solvent) on the initial fuel manufactured at t

41、he refinery. Higher concentrations are permitted in circumstances where copper contamination is suspected to occur during distribution. Cumulative concentration of metal deactivator when re-treating the fuel shall not exceed 5.7 mg/L (see 9.2).6.5 Fuel system icing inhibitorA fuel system icing inhib

42、itor conforming to ASTM D4171 (Type III DIEGME) shall be added to the fuel within the limits specified in 5.13.4.6.6 Corrosion inhibitors/lubricity improversA corrosion inhibitor/lubricity improver qualified to U.S. Military Specification MlL-PRF-25017 and listed in the associated qualified product

43、list (QPL) 25017 shall be added to the fuel (see 9.1). The concentration of the additive in the fuel shall be as specified in the QPL, and its introduction into the fuel shall be separate from the addition of other additives.6.7 Leak detection additive2Only Tracer A (LDTA-A)3may be added as a leak d

44、etection additive. The maximum concentration is 1 mg/kg.6.8 Thermal stability additiveOnly the following thermal stability additives may be blended with F-34 at the following concentrations to make F-37 fuel grade:a) SPEC AID 8Q462W at 256 mg/L of fuel.b) BASF Kerojet 100W at 294 mg/L of fuel.NOTE T

45、hese additives shall be used discretely and not mixed together in F-37.2The Tracer Tight methodology to detect and locate leaks in ground-based fuel storage, delivery and dispensing systems does not form part of this standard. Refer to the additive supplier for this information. Praxair Services, In

46、c. can be contacted at 3755 N. Business Center Drive, Tucson, AZ 85705, U.S.A., telephone 1-800-989-9929, web site .3Tracer A (LDTA-A) is a registered trademark of Praxair Services, Inc.CGSB-3.24-201611 CGSB 2016 All rights reserved7 InspectionA sample of the size specified by the testing authority

47、shall be obtained in accordance with ASTM D4057. For automatic sampling ASTM D4177 shall be used.8 Option8.1 The following option shall be specified in the application of this standard:a) Grade F-34, Grade F-37 or Grade F-44 (see 3.1).9 Precautions9.1 Lubricity information statement9.1.1 Lubricity,

48、which is the ability of jet fuel to act as a lubricant for certain aircraft fuel-wetted components, can vary considerably. It depends on the design, materials used and the intrinsic lubricity of the fuel. There have been a number of cases of engine hardware failures directly attributed to poor-lubri

49、city fuel.9.1.2 ASTM D5001 may be used to identify the quality of the fuel since this standard does not address the measurement of fuel lubricity. Hydrogen-processing4usually produces fuels with poor lubricity. Blending or commingling with non-hydrogen-processed fuels will improve lubricity, and the use of lubricity-improver additives (corrosion inhibitors) may offer a solution (see 6.6).9.1.3 Problems are more likely to occur when aircraft operations are confined to a single refinery source where fuel is severely hydrogen-p