BS ISO 13909-6-2016 Hard coal and coke Mechanical sampling Coke Preparation of test samples《硬煤和焦炭 机械取样 焦炭 试样制备》.pdf

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1、BS ISO 13909-6:2016Hard coal and coke Mechanical samplingPart 6: Coke Preparation of test samplesBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS ISO 13909-6:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 13909-6:2016.It

2、 supersedes BS ISO 13909-6:2001 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PTI/16, Solid mineral fuels.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all

3、 the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 83179 9ICS 73.040; 75.160.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This Brit

4、ish Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2016.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 13909-6:2016 ISO 2016Hard coal and coke Mechanical sampling Part 6: Coke Preparation of test samplesHouille et coke chantillonnage

5、mcanique Partie 6: Coke Prparation des chantillons pour essaiINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO13909-6Second edition2016-07-01Reference numberISO 13909-6:2016(E)BS ISO 13909-6:2016ISO 13909-6:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reser

6、ved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO

7、 at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 13909-6:2016ISO 13909-6:2016(E)Foreword vIntroduction vi1 Scope . 12

8、Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Precision of sample preparation . 15 Constitution of a sample . 25.1 General . 25.2 Combination of increments 25.3 Combination of samples . 26 Division . 36.1 General . 36.2 Mechanical methods 96.2.1 General 96.2.2 Mass of cut 106.2.3 Interval betwe

9、en cuts .116.2.4 Division of individual increments 116.2.5 Minimum mass of divided increment .116.2.6 Division of samples .126.3 Manual methods . 126.3.1 General. 126.3.2 Riffle method 126.3.3 Flattened-heap method . 136.3.4 Strip-mixing and splitting method 157 Preparation of samples for specific t

10、ests .167.1 Types of test sample 167.2 Preparation of samples for determining total moisture 187.2.1 General. 187.2.2 Procedure 187.2.3 Wet samples 187.2.4 Reduction of total moisture test sample 197.2.5 Division . 197.2.6 Determination of total moisture . 197.2.7 Reserve sample 197.3 Preparation of

11、 sample for general analysis . 197.3.1 General. 197.3.2 Preparation errors .197.3.3 Reduction 207.3.4 Division . 207.3.5 Preparation errors .207.4 Storage 207.5 Physical test sample 207.6 Samples for special properties . 208 Design of equipment for preparation 218.1 Dividers 218.2 Design of cutters

12、for falling-stream dividers . 218.2.1 General. 218.2.2 Cutter velocity .218.3 Crushers . 228.3.1 General. 228.3.2 Examples of crushers 22 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 13909-6:2016ISO 13909-6:2016(E)8.4 Preparation systems 228.4.1 General. 228.4.2 Design criteria .238.4.3 Norma

13、l operation .238.4.4 Abnormal operation .238.4.5 Provision for checking for precision 238.4.6 Provision for testing for bias 24Bibliography .25iv ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 13909-6:2016ISO 13909-6:2016(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federati

14、on of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee

15、. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and tho

16、se intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (

17、see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the doc

18、ument will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms an

19、d expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 27, Solid mineral fuels, Subcom

20、mittee SC 4, Sampling.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 13909-6:2001), which has been technically revised.ISO 13909 consists of the following parts, under the general title Hard coal and coke Mechanical sampling: Part 1: General introduction Part 2: Coal Sampling from m

21、oving streams Part 3: Coal Sampling from stationary lots Part 4: Coal Preparation of test samples Part 5: Coke Sampling from moving streams Part 6: Coke Preparation of test samples Part 7: Methods for determining the precision of sampling, sample preparation and testing Part 8: Methods of testing fo

22、r bias ISO 2016 All rights reserved vBS ISO 13909-6:2016ISO 13909-6:2016(E)IntroductionThe objective of sample preparation is to prepare one or more test samples from the primary increments for subsequent analysis. The requisite mass and particle size of the test samples depend on the test to be car

23、ried out.Examples of tests which require different masses are Shatter Index (ISO 616), Micum and Irsid Index (ISO 556), reactivity tests (ISO 18894), density (ISO 567, ISO 1013) and size distribution (ISO 728, ISO 2325).The process of sample preparation may involve constitution of samples, reduction

24、, division, mixing and drying or all or a combination of these.Primary increments may be prepared individually as test samples or combined to constitute samples either as taken or after having been prepared by reduction and/or division. Samples may either be prepared individually as test samples or

25、combined on a weighted basis to constitute a further sample.vi ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 13909-6:2016Hard coal and coke Mechanical sampling Part 6: Coke Preparation of test samples1 ScopeThis part of ISO 13909 describes the preparation of samples of coke from the combination of primary incr

26、ements to the preparation of samples for specific tests.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest

27、edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 579, Coke Determination of total moistureISO 687, Solid mineral fuels Coke Determination of moisture in the general analysis test sampleISO 13909-1, Hard coal and coke Mechanical sampling Part 1: General introductionISO 13909-

28、5, Hard coal and coke Mechanical sampling Part 5: Coke Sampling from moving streamsISO 13909-7, Hard coal and coke Mechanical sampling Part 7: Methods for determining the precision of sampling, sample preparation and testingISO 13909-8, Hard coal and coke Mechanical sampling Part 8: Methods of testi

29、ng for biasISO 21398, Hard coal and coke Guidance to the inspection of mechanical sampling systems3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13909-1 apply.4 Precision of sample preparationFrom the formulae given in ISO 13909-7, the estimated abso

30、lute value of the precision of the result obtained for the lot at the 95 % confidence level, PL, for continuous sampling is given by Formula (1):PVnVmLIPT=+2 (1)whereINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13909-6:2016(E) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 13909-6:2016ISO 13909-6:2016(E)VIis the primary increm

31、ent variance;n is the number of increments in the sample;VPTis the variance of preparation and testing for both off-line and on-line systems;m is the number of sub-lots.The procedures given in this part of ISO 13909 are designed to achieve levels of VPTof 0,05 or less for moisture tests. Better leve

32、ls may be expected for other chemical characteristics.For some preparation schemes, however, practical restrictions may prevent the preparation and testing variance being as low as this. Under these circumstances, the user should decide whether to achieve the desired overall precision by improving t

33、he preparation scheme or by dividing the lot into a greater number of sub-lots.The errors occurring in the various stages of preparation and analysis, expressed in terms of variance, may be checked by the methods given in ISO 13909-7.5 Constitution of a sample5.1 GeneralExamples of the constitution

34、of samples are shown in Figure 1.Primary increments shall be taken in accordance with the procedures specified in ISO 13909-5.Individual increments are usually combined to form a sample. A single sample may be constituted by combination of increments taken from a complete sub-lot or by combining inc

35、rements taken from individual parts of a sub-lot. Under some circumstances, e.g. size analysis or bias testing, the sample consists of a single increment which is prepared and tested.Samples may also be prepared by the combination of other samples.5.2 Combination of incrementsThe mass of the primary

36、 increments shall be proportional to the flow rate at the time of sampling. The primary increments may be combined into a sample, either directly as taken or after having been prepared individually to an appropriate stage by fixed-ratio division (see Clause 6).5.3 Combination of samplesWhen combinin

37、g samples, the mass of the individual samples shall be directly proportional to the mass of the coke from which they were taken in order to obtain a weighted mean of the quality characteristic for the sub-lot. Prior to combination, division shall be by fixed-ratio (see Clause 6).2 ISO 2016 All right

38、s reservedBS ISO 13909-6:2016ISO 13909-6:2016(E)a) Example 1b) Example 2Figure 1 Examples of the constitution of samples6 Division6.1 GeneralSince the cutter aperture will be at least three times the nominal top size, this will result in a very large increment mass in many cases. The handling and pr

39、eparation of such large increments would be either manpower or equipment intensive. Division prior to further treatment may be necessary to provide a manageable sample mass.Sample division can be on-line mechanically, or off-line mechanically or manually.Whenever possible, mechanical methods are pre

40、ferred to manual methods to minimize human error. Examples of dividers are shown in Figure 2. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 13909-6:2016ISO 13909-6:2016(E)Mechanical dividers are designed to extract a part of the coke in a number of cuts of relatively small mass. When the smallest mass of the

41、 divided sample that can be obtained in one pass through the divider is greater than that required, further passes through the same divider or subsequent passes through further dividers may be necessary.Manual division is normally applied when mechanical methods would result in loss of integrity (e.

42、g. loss of moisture or size degradation). Manual division of coke is also applied when the nominal top size of the coke is such as to make the use of a mechanical divider impracticable. Manual methods may themselves result in bias, particularly if the mass of coke to be divided is large.Key Key1 fee

43、d 2 reject 3 divided sample1 feed 2 rotating cone 3 adjustable slot 4 divided sample 5 rejectThe material from a mixing container is fed by scrapers to the centre of the dividing disc. From there, it is discharged over the range of the disc through special clearing arms. The sample falls through adj

44、ustable slots into chutes; the reject is carried away through a cleaning conduit. The whole interior space is cleaned by scrapers.As stream of coal is allowed to fall onto a rotating cone; the adjustable slot with lips in the cone allows the stream to fall directly onto the sample receiver for part

45、of each revolution.a) Rotating disc type b) Rotating cone typeFigure 2 (continued)4 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 13909-6:2016ISO 13909-6:2016(E)Key1 feed 2 divided sample in rotating receiversThe coal stream flows to the hopper and this flow is intercepted by the top edge of a number of sector

46、-shaped containers dividing the flow into equal parts. Either the hopper or the containers may rotate. The machine can be controlled for the following operations:a) for dividing;b) for collecting duplicates;c) for collecting replicates.c) Container typeFigure 2 (continued) ISO 2016 All rights reserv

47、ed 5BS ISO 13909-6:2016ISO 13909-6:2016(E)Key1 feed 2 reject 3 divided sampleA chain mechanism as shown is equipped with buckets spread at equal pitch. The buckets travel in a single direction or change direction at preset time periods. The bucket intercepts the free-falling coal stream to extract c

48、uts which discharge the sample as the bucket inverts.d) Chain bucket typeFigure 2 (continued)6 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 13909-6:2016ISO 13909-6:2016(E)Key1 slotted belt 2 feed 3 inclined chute 4 divided sample 5 rejectAn endless belt as shown having slots spaced at equal pitch with lips th

49、at act as cutting edges passing below a feed chute. The coal stream is fed to the chute and, as each slot passes through the stream, a cut is taken. The stream which falls onto the plain part of the belt is carried to rejects.e) Slotted-belt typeFigure 2 (continued) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 7BS ISO 13909-6:2016ISO 13909-6:2016(E)Key Key1 feed 2 reject 3 divided sample1 feed 2 reject 3 divided sampleA flat plate with lipped slo