BS ISO 128-34-2001 Technical drawings - General principles of presentation - Views on mechanical engineering drawings《技术制图 表示的一般原则 机械工程图的视图》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 128-34:2001 Incorporating Corrigendum No. 1 Technical drawings General principles of presentation Part 34: Views on mechanical engineering drawings ICS 01.100.01 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBS ISO 128-34:2001 This British Standard, ha

2、ving been prepared under the direction of the Consumer Products and Services Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 July 2001 BSI 07-2001 ISBN 0 580 37716 4 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 128-34:2001

3、 and implements it as the UK national standard. It partially supersedes BS ISO 128:1982 which will be withdrawn on completion of the overall revision process for ISO 128:1982. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee TDW/4, Engineering drawing, metrology, precisio

4、n measurement and all related documentation, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found

5、 in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards

6、are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change,

7、 and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 13 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice disp

8、layed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments 13323 Corrigendum No. 1 September 2001 Correction to part number on inside front coverReference number ISO 128-34:2001(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 128-34 First edition 200

9、1-01-15 Technical drawings General principles of presentation Part 34: Views on mechanical engineering drawings Dessins techniques Principes gnraux de reprsentation Partie 34: Vues applicables aux dessins industrielsISO 128-34:2001(E) ii ISO 128-34:2001(E)iii Contents Page Foreword.iv 1 Scope 1 2 No

10、rmative references 1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Types of lines and their application.2 5 Local views.2 6 Adjacent parts and contours3 7 Intersections.4 8 Square ends on shafts 6 9 Interrupted views .6 10 Repeated features7 11 Enlarged features.8 12 Initial outlines.8 13 Bend lines.8 14 Slight incl

11、ines or curves .9 15 Transparent objects 9 16 Movable parts.10 17 Finished parts and blanks 11 18 Parts made from separate, equal elements 11 19 Surface pattern.12 20 Fibre and rolled directions12 21 Parts with two or more identical views .12 22 Mirror-image parts .13ISO 128-34:2001(E) iv Foreword I

12、SO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical c

13、ommittee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electr

14、otechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires ap

15、proval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO 128 may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 128-34

16、 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 10, Technical product documentation, Subcommittee SC 6, Mechanical engineering documentation. This first edition is based on ISO 128:1982, clause 5, and replaces the rules specified in that clause. ISO 128 consists of the following parts, under the general

17、 title Technical drawings General principles of presentation: Part 1: Introduction and index Part 20: Basic conventions for lines Part 21: Preparation of lines by CAD systems Part 22: Basic conventions and applications for leader lines and reference lines Part 23: Lines on construction drawings Part

18、 24: Lines on mechanical engineering drawings Part 25: Lines on shipbuilding drawings Part 30: Basic conventions for views Part 34: Views on mechanical engineering drawings Part 40: Basic conventions for cuts and sections Part 44: Sections on mechanical engineering drawings Part 50: Basic convention

19、s for representing areas on cuts and sectionsINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 128-34:2001(E)1 Technical drawings General principles of presentation Part 34: Views on mechanical engineering drawings 1 Scope This part of ISO 128 specifies rules for the presentation of views additional to those of ISO 128-30

20、 and applicable to mechanical engineering drawings that follow the orthographic projection methods specified in ISO 5456-2. Attention has also been given to reproduction requirements, including those of microcopying according to ISO 6428. 2 Normative references The following normative documents cont

21、ain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 128. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 128 are encouraged to investigate the

22、 possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 128-20:1996, Technical dra

23、wings General principles of presentation Part 20: Basic conventions for lines. ISO 128-24:1999, Technical drawings General principles of presentation Part 24: Lines on mechanical engineering drawings. ISO 128-30: 1 , Technical drawings General principles of presentation Part 30: Basic conventions fo

24、r views. ISO 129-1: 2) , Technical drawings Indication of dimensions and tolerances Part 1: General principles. ISO 5456-2:1996, Technical drawings Projection methods Part 2: Orthographic representations. ISO 6428:1982, Technical drawings Requirements for microcopying. ISO 10209-1:1992, Technical pr

25、oduct documentation Vocabulary Part 1: Terms relating to technical drawings: general and types of drawings. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this part of ISO 128, the terms and definitions given in ISO 10209-1 apply. 1 To be published. 2) To be published. (Revision of ISO 129:1985)ISO 128

26、-34:2001(E) 2 4 Types of lines and their application The basic types of lines referred to in this part of ISO 128 are specified in ISO 128-20. General rules and basic conventions for their application on mechanical engineering drawings are specified in ISO 128-24. 5 Local views Provided presentation

27、 is unambiguous, a local rather than a complete view of symmetrical parts is permitted. Local views should be drawn in third angle projection, regardless of the arrangement used for the general execution of the drawing. Local views shall be drawn with continuous wide lines (type 01.2) and connected

28、to principal views by long dashed dotted narrow lines (type 04.1). Examples are shown in Figures 1 to 4. Figure 1 Local view of journal Figure 2 Local view of grooveISO 128-34:2001(E)3 Figure 3 Local view of hole Figure 4 Local view of groove 6 Adjacent parts and contours Where parts adjacent to an

29、object are presented, they shall be drawn with long dashed double-dotted narrow lines (type 05.1). The adjacent part shall not hide the principal part, but may be hidden by it (see Figure 5 and Figure 6). Adjacent parts in cuts and sections shall not be hatched. Figure 5 Bounded adjacent partISO 128

30、-34:2001(E) 4 Figure 6 Adjacent parts When the contours of features cannot or may not be definitively delineated, the area presumed to enclose them shall be indicated by long dashed double-dotted narrow lines (type 05.1), as in Figure 7 and Figure 8. a Label for information. Figure 7 Indication of c

31、ontours Figure 8 Indication of contours 7 Intersections True geometric intersection lines shall be drawn with continuous wide lines (type 01.2) when visible, and with dashed narrow lines (type 02.1) when hidden (see Figure 9).ISO 128-34:2001(E)5 Figure 9 True intersection Simplified representations

32、of true geometric intersection lines may be applied at intersections, as follows. Between two cylinders the curved lines of intersection may be replaced by straight continuous wide lines (see Figure 10). Between a cylinder and a rectangular prism the displacement of the straight line of intersection

33、 may be omitted (see Figure 2). However, the simplified representation should be avoided if it affects the intelligibility of the drawing. Figure 10 Simplified intersection Imaginary intersection lines, such as fillets or rounded corners, shall be indicated in a view by continuous narrow lines (type

34、 01.1) that do not touch the outlines (see Figure 11).ISO 128-34:2001(E) 6 Figure 11 Imaginary intersections 8 Square ends on shafts In order to avoid drawing a supplementary view, cut or section, square ends or flats (Figure 12), or tapered square ends on shafts (Figure 13), shall be indicated by d

35、iagonals drawn as continuous narrow lines (type 01.1). Figure 12 Square end and flat Figure 13 Tapered square end 9 Interrupted views In order to save space, it is permissible to show only those portions of a long object needed for its definition. The limits of the parts retained shall be drawn as n

36、arrow, freehand or zigzag continuous lines. The portions shall be drawn close to each other (see Figure 14 and Figure 15). NOTE Interrupted views do not show the true geometry. Figure 14 Interrupted viewISO 128-34:2001(E)7 Figure 15 Interrupted view 10 Repeated features If certain identical features

37、 occur in a regular order, only one of them and their locations need be illustrated. In all cases, the number and kind of repetitive features shall be defined by dimensioning according to ISO 129-1. For symmetrical features, the location of the non-represented features is shown by long dashed dotted

38、 narrow lines (type 04.1), as in Figure 16 and Figure 17. For asymmetrical features, the area of the non-represented features is identified by continuous narrow lines (type 01.1) as shown in Figure 18. Figure 16 Symmetrical repeated features Figure 17 Symmetrical repeated features Figure 18 Asymmetr

39、ical repeated featuresISO 128-34:2001(E) 8 11 Enlarged features When the scale of a drawing does not allow all features to be clearly shown or dimensioned, the unclear features shall be enclosed or encircled by a continuous narrow line (type 01.1), with the area thus enclosed identified by a capital

40、 letter. The features in the area shall also be shown on an enlarged scale, accompanied by the identification letter and an indication of the scale beside it between parentheses, as shown in Figure 19. Figure 19 Enlarged features 12 Initial outlines When it is necessary to depict initial outlines of

41、 a part prior to forming, these shall be indicated by long dashed double-dotted narrow lines (type 05.1), as shown in Figure 20. Figure 20 Initial outlines 13 Bend lines Bend lines in developed views shall be represented by continuous narrow lines (type 01.1), as shown in Figure 21. a Developed view

42、. Figure 21 Bend linesISO 128-34:2001(E)9 14 Slight inclines or curves If slight inclines or curves (on angled surfaces, tapers, pyramids) are too slight to be clearly indicated in a projection, their representation may be dispensed with. In such cases, only the edge corresponding to the projection

43、of the smaller dimension shall be drawn as a continuous wide line (type 01.2). This is indicated by the projection lines in Figure 22 and Figure 23, which are drawn by way of explanation only. Figure 22 Slight curve Figure 23 Slight incline 15 Transparent objects All objects made of transparent mate

44、rial shall be drawn as if not transparent (see Figure 24). Within assembly and general-assembly drawings, parts behind transparent parts may be drawn visible (see Figure 25).ISO 128-34:2001(E) 10 Figure 24 Transparent object Figure 25 Assembly of transparent object 16 Movable parts In assembly drawi

45、ngs the alternative and extreme positions of movable parts may be shown, drawn with long dashed double-dotted narrow lines (type 05.1), as in Figure 26.ISO 128-34:2001(E)11 Figure 26 Movable part 17 Finished parts and blanks It is permitted to show the shape of a finished part within the drawing of

46、a blank, or the shape of the blank within the drawing of a finished part. These parts shall be drawn using long dashed double-dotted narrow lines (type 05.1) (see Figure 27 and Figure 28). Figure 27 Finished part indicated in blank Figure 28 B la nki ndi ca te di nfi ni s he dpa r t 18 Parts made fr

47、om separate, equal elements Parts made from separate, but equal, elements should be represented as homogeneous. The location of the elements may be indicated by short continuous narrow (type 01.1) lines, as shown in Figure 29. Figure 29 Separate, equal elementsISO 128-34:2001(E) 12 19 Surface patter

48、n The structure of knurling, corrugation, fluting, mesh or lattice shall be represented completely or partly by continuous wide lines (type 01.2) (see Figure 30). Figure 30 Surface pattern 20 Fibre and rolled directions The fibre and rolled directions need not be shown in the representation of a par

49、t, but if necessary may be indicated by short continuous narrow (type 01.1) lines with arrowheads, as illustrated in Figure 31 and Figure 32. Figure 31 Fibre direction Figure 32 Rolled direction 21 Parts with two or more identical views Two or more equal views on any one part may be identified by the indication, “symmetrical part” (see ISO 128-30) or by reference arrows and capital letters or numerals, or both, as in Figure 33 and Figure 34.ISO 1