BS ISO 10241-2-2012 Terminological entries in standards Adoption of standardized terminological entries《标准术语条目 标准术语条目的采用》.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 10241-2:2012Terminological entries instandardsPart 2: Adoption of standardizedterminological entriesBS ISO 10241-2:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Stand

2、ard is the UK implementation of ISO 10241-2:2012.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee TS/1, Terminology.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessa

3、ryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 63331 7ICS 01.020; 01.120Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard wa

4、s published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 10241-2:2012 ISO 2012Terminological entries in standards Part 2: Adoption of standardized terminological entriesArticles terminologiques dans

5、les normes Partie 2: Adoption darticles terminologiques normalissINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO10241-2First edition2012-08-15Reference numberISO 10241-2:2012(E)BS ISO 10241-2:2012ISO 10241-2:2012(E)ii ISO 2012 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012All rights reserved. Unless otherwise s

6、pecified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright office

7、Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 10241-2:2012ISO 10241-2:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope 12 Terms and definitions . 13 Principles for

8、the adoption of standardized terminological entries 63.1 General principles . 63.2 Degrees of correspondence . 63.3 Specific principles related to the method of adoption 94 Adoption of internationally standardized terminological entries as a means of harmonization . 94.1 General . 94.2 Adoption of i

9、nternationally standardized concepts .104.3 Adoption of internationally standardized concept systems 154.4 Adoption of internationally standardized definitions 184.5 Wording of other textual constituents of terminological entries .194.6 Non-verbal representations 194.7 Selection and formation of des

10、ignations 195 Conventions of the adopting standardizing body for the presentation and layout of terminological entries 265.1 General observations .265.2 Modification of the standardized terminological data model 275.3 Indication of normative status .275.4 Lexicographical ordering 275.5 Lexicographic

11、al symbols 27Annex A (informative) Template for reporting specific provisions concerning the adoption of standardized terminological entries .28Bibliography .29BS ISO 10241-2:2012ISO 10241-2:2012(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national

12、 standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. Internationa

13、l organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules g

14、iven in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least

15、 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 10241-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 37, T

16、erminology and other language and content resources, Subcommittee SC 2, Terminographical and lexicographical working methods.ISO 10241 consists of the following parts, under the general title Terminological entries in standards: Part 1: General requirements and examples of presentation Part 2: Adopt

17、ion of standardized terminological entriesiv ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 10241-2:2012ISO 10241-2:2012(E)IntroductionThe “Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade” (TBT Agreement) of the World Trade Organization (WTO) requires its members to ensure that they do not create unnecessary barriers

18、to trade through regulations or conformity assessment schemes that deviate from international standards. Under the TBT Agreement, WTO members are bound to use international standards whenever possible. According to the TBT Agreement, therefore, regional and national standards should be based on inte

19、rnational standards, thus ensuring technical equivalence and avoiding any conflicts or inconsistencies with regard to trade. The same principle applies equally to the adoption of standardized terminological entries.To ensure unambiguous comprehension and interpretation of the main terms and other ki

20、nds of designation used in their subject field, committees may specify all or part of their standardized terminology in the form of a terminology standard, or in sections defining terminology in other standards.ISO/IEC Guide 21-1 specifies methods for the adoption of International Standards1)as regi

21、onal or national standards: endorsement by authority, publication with a regional or national coversheet and publication by reprinting, translation and redrafting. When adopting international standards, specific care might be needed with regard to the terminological entries. For example, standardizi

22、ng bodies using languages or language variants other than the official languages of the international standard being adopted often encounter difficulties in the preparation of equivalent terminological entries.According to ISO/IEC Guide 21-1, “The adoption of an International Standard as a regional

23、or national standard will be extremely difficult if the regional or national rules or traditions concerning structure and layout of regional or national standards differ from those of the standard being adopted. It is therefore recommended to apply, as far as possible, the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2

24、, for the preparation of regional and national standards.” Additionally, when preparing terminological entries in regional or national standards, there are issues specific to terminological entries that merit consideration in the adoption process.ISO/IEC Guide 21 outlines the principles used to dete

25、rmine whether an International Standard can be adopted as a regional or national standard, including a method to assess the degree to which an International Standard corresponds to national or regional standardization needs. In comparison, this part of ISO 10241 defines rules for the adoption of ter

26、minological entries from international standards2)into regional or national standards, as well as the principles used to determine the degree to which terminological entries, concepts, and concept systems from an international standard correspond to national or regional realities.Issues similar to t

27、hose involved in the adoption of a complete document from one cultural or linguistic environment into another can occur when adopting only the terminological entries because different cultural and linguistic communities perceive and conceptualize objects differently. In some communities, for instanc

28、e, the “first floor” is the floor above the entrance or ground level, whereas in others “first floor” means the entrance or ground level. Such differences also have an impact on the standardization of terminological entries.This part of ISO 10241 establishes guidelines for dealing with key issues to

29、 be considered in the process of adopting standardized terminological entries. It clarifies the challenges faced by standardizing bodies in the process of adopting internationally standardized terminological entries. It also indicates how nationally standardized terminological entries developed in a

30、ccordance with the guidelines in ISO 10241-1 can serve as a resource or starting point for standardizing terminological entries at the international or regional level.1) Where the first letter of each word in the term, International Standard, is capitalized, it is defined as “international standard

31、where the international standards organization is ISO or IEC”.2) Where the term, international standard, is entirely in lower-case letters, it is defined as “standard adopted by an international standardizing/standards organization and made available to the public”. ISO 2012 All rights reserved vBS

32、ISO 10241-2:2012BS ISO 10241-2:2012Terminological entries in standards Part 2: Adoption of standardized terminological entries1 ScopeThis part of ISO 10241 addresses the introduction of standardized terminological entries into other cultural and linguistic environments, and in particular the adoptio

33、n of internationally standardized terminological entries by regional and national standardizing bodies. It establishes principles and guidelines for dealing with the key issues to be considered in this process.It also provides examples of, and solutions to, problems that occur when the adopting stan

34、dardizing body adopts internationally standardized terminological entries, aligns the concept systems of the adopting standardizing body with internationally standardized concept systems, and prepares standardized terminological entries as additions or supplements to internationally standardized ter

35、minological entries.2 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.NOTE 1 In the selection and wording of the terminological entries contained in this clause, preference has been given to general comprehensibility. Therefore, commonly used terms (

36、which are generally understandable) are not defined. Some terminological entries that have been taken from other sources have been modified to meet the needs of the target group of this part of ISO 10241. In accordance with ISO 10241-1, the modifications are indicated by the string “modified” follow

37、ing the source.NOTE 2 Because most of the terminological entries listed here have been selected from other standards, complete concept systems are not represented. The terminological entries are thus presented in mixed order.2.1standarddocument, established by consensus and approved by a recognized

38、body, that provides for common and repeated use, rules, guidelines and characteristics for activities or their results, aimed at the achievement of the optimum degree of order in a given contextNote 1 to entry: Standards should be based on the consolidated results of science, technology and experien

39、ce, and aimed at the promotion of optimum community benefits.SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004, 3.2INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10241-2:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 10241-2:2012ISO 10241-2:2012(E)2.2standardizing bodystandardizing organizationstandards developing organizationSDObody or orga

40、nization that carries out recognized activities in the area of standardization such as the development, adoption and publication of standards (2.1) and whose membership may be composed of national, regional or other standardizing bodies, or of organizations such as companies, governmental, academic

41、or other institutions and individuals.SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004, 4.3, modified By extending the definition to any kind of standards developing organization, the definition now covers all standardizing bodies and organizations.2.3.1terminology standardizationdevelopment of terminological entries (

42、2.3.3) in terminology standards (2.3.2) and of terminology sections in other standards, and their approval by a standardizing body (2.2)SOURCE: ISO 15188:2001, 3.5, modified “establishment of terminology standards” has been replaced by “development of terminological entries in terminology standards”

43、, “technical standards” has been replaced by “other standards” and “approval by an authoritative body” has been replaced by “approval by a standardizing body” for the sake of consistency in this part of ISO 10241.2.3.2terminology standardstandard (2.1) that is concerned with terms (2.6.2) accompanie

44、d by their definitions (2.5), and sometimes by explanatory notes, illustrations, examples, etc.Note 1 to entry: As a rule, both terminology standards and terminology sections in other standards comprise more than a single standardized terminological entry, i.e. they comprise a terminological data co

45、llection.Note 2 to entry: A terminology standard can be an international, regional or national terminology standard.SOURCE: ISO 10241-1:2011, 3.1.1 Notes 1 and 2 to entry have been added to explain the broader use of the term terminology standard within the scope of this part of ISO 10241.2.3.3termi

46、nological entrypart of a terminological data collection that contains the terminological data (ISO 10241-1:2011, 3.1.3) related to one concept (2.4.1.1)Note 1 to entry: A terminological entry prepared in accordance with the principles and methods given in ISO 704 follows the same structural principl

47、es whether it is monolingual or multilingual.2.3.4standardized terminological entryterminological entry (2.3.3) that has been standardized by a standardizing body (2.2)Note 1 to entry: A concept is considered standardized if the entire terminological entry or the definition (or non-verbal representa

48、tion in those domains or subjects in which non-verbal representations are conventionally used) and the designations assigned to it have been standardized.Note 2 to entry: A terminological entry can be standardized at the international, regional or national level.Note 3 to entry: ISO 10241-1:2011, An

49、nex A, provides examples of monolingual and multilingual standardized terminological entries.2 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 10241-2:2012ISO 10241-2:2012(E)2.3.5terminological data modelconceptual structure for organizing terminological data, typically for implementation in database management systems, on which a terminological entry (2.3.3) is based, including the terminological data categories (ISO 10241-1:2011, 3.1.4) with their properties and inter-relationshipsNote 1 to entry: In terminology standardization, the terminological data