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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS IEC 61363-1:1998 Electrical installations of ships and mobile and fixed offshore units Part 1: Procedures for calculating short-circuit currents in three-phase a.c. ICS 47.020.60 BS IEC 61363-1:1998 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Electrotec

2、hnical Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 14 August 2002 BSI 14 August 2002 ISBN 0 580 40254 1 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim IEC 61363-1:1998 and implements it as the UK national stan

3、dard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee JPEL/18, Electrical installations of ships and of mobile and fixed offshore units, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cr

4、oss-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Stan

5、dards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to t

6、he responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside f

7、ront cover, the IEC title page, pages 2 to 41 and the back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsNORME INTERNATIONALE CEI IEC INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 613631 Premiredition Firstedi

8、tion 199802 Installationslectriquesborddesnavires etdesplatesformesmobilesetfixesenmer Partie1: Evaluationdescourantsdecourtcircuit enc.a.triphas Electricalinstallationsofshipsandmobile andfixedoffshoreunits Part1: Proceduresforcalculatingshortcircuitcurrents inthreephasea.c. Numroderfrence Referenc

9、enumber CEI/IEC613631:1998 BSIEC613631:1998CONTENTS Page FOREWORD 4 Clause 1 Scope and object 5 2 Normative references . 6 3 Definitions, symbols, subscripts and superscripts . 6 3.1 Definitions 6 3.2 Symbols . 9 3.3 Subscripts . 12 3.4 Superscripts . 12 4 Introductory information . 12 4.1 General .

10、 12 4.2 Calculation accuracy 13 4.3 Basic assumptions . 13 4.4 Calculation methods . 14 5 System components and models . 15 5.1 Active components 15 5.2 Non-active components 24 6 Simplifying assumptions 25 6.1 General 25 6.2 Synchronous machines 25 6.3 Asynchronous motors . 27 7 Application of the

11、equivalent generator . 29 7.1 General 29 7.2 Assumptions . 29 7.3 Evaluation of the equivalent motor 29 7.4 Evaluation of the equivalent generator 30 8 System calculations . 33 8.1 General 33 8.2 Effects of non-active components connected in series with active components . 33 8.3 Short-circuit curre

12、nt at the generator busbars 34 BSIEC613631:19982Clause Page 8.4 Short-circuit currents at secondary busses directly connected to the generator bus .35 8.5 Transformers 36 8.6 Semi-conductor converters used on variable speed drives 36 8.7 Calculation procedures 37 9 Interpretation and application of

13、the results . 39 BSIEC613631:19983363168991:CEI1 7 INTERNATIONALELECTROTECHNICALCOMMISSION ELECTRICALINSTALLATIONSOFSHIPSAND MOBILEANDFIXEDOFFSHOREUNITS Part1:Proceduresforcalculatingshortcircuit currentsinthreephasea.c. FOREWORD 1) TheIEC(InternationalElectrotechnicalCommission)isaworldwideorganiza

14、tionforstandardizationcomprising allnationalelectrotechnicalcommittees(IECNationalCommittees).TheobjectoftheIECistopromote internationalcooperationonallquestionsconcerningstandardizationintheelectricalandelectronicfields.To thisendandinadditiontootheractivities,theIECpublishesInternationalStandards.

15、Theirpreparationis entrustedtotechnicalcommittees;anyIECNationalCommitteeinterestedinthesubjectdealtwithmay participateinthispreparatorywork.International,governmentalandnongovernmentalorganizationsliaising withtheIECalsoparticipateinthispreparation.TheIECcollaboratescloselywiththeInternationalOrgan

16、ization forStandardization(ISO)inaccordancewithconditionsdeterminedbyagreementbetweenthetwo organizations. 2) TheformaldecisionsoragreementsoftheIEContechnicalmattersexpress,asnearlyaspossible,an internationalconsensusofopinionontherelevantsubjectssinceeachtechnicalcommitteehasrepresentation fromall

17、interestedNationalCommittees. 3) Thedocumentsproducedhavetheformofrecommendationsforinternationaluseandarepublishedintheform ofstandards,technicalreportsorguidesandtheyareacceptedbytheNationalCommitteesinthatsense. 4) Inordertopromoteinternationalunification,IECNationalCommitteesundertaketoapplyIECI

18、nternational Standardstransparentlytothemaximumextentpossibleintheirnationalandregionalstandards.Any divergencebetweentheIECStandardandthecorrespondingnationalorregionalstandardshallbeclearly indicatedinthelatter. 5) TheIECprovidesnomarkingproceduretoindicateitsapprovalandcannotberenderedresponsible

19、forany equipmentdeclaredtobeinconformitywithoneofitsstandards. 6) AttentionisdrawntothepossibilitythatsomeoftheelementsofthisInternationalStandardmaybethesubject ofpatentrights.TheIECshallnotbeheldresponsibleforidentifyinganyorallsuchpatentrights. ThispartofInternationalStandardIEC61363hasbeenprepar

20、edbyIECtechnicalcommittee18: Electricalinstallationsofshipsandofmobileandfixedoffshoreunits. ThisstandardcancelsandreplacesIEC60363,publishedin1972. Thetextofthisstandardisbasedonthefollowingdocuments: FDIS Reportonvoting 18/831/FDIS 18/837/RVD Fullinformationonthevotingfortheapprovalofthisstandardc

21、anbefoundinthereporton votingindicatedintheabovetable. BSIEC613631:19984363168991:CEI1 9 ELECTRICALINSTALLATIONSOFSHIPSAND MOBILEANDFIXEDOFFSHOREUNITS Part1:Proceduresforcalculatingshortcircuit currentsinthreephasea.c. 1 Scopeandobject ThisInternationalStandardoutlinesproceduresforcalculatingshortci

22、rcuitcurrentsthatmay occuronamarineoroffshorea.c.electricalinstallation. Thecalculationmethodsareforuseonunmeshedthreephasealternatingcurrentsystems, a) operatingat50Hzor60Hz; b) havinganysystemvoltagespecifiedinIEC60092201table2; c) havingoneormoredifferentvoltagelevels; d) comprisinggenerators,mot

23、ors(bothsynchronousandasynchronous),transformers,reactor coils,cables,andconverterunits; e) havingtheirneutralpointconnectedtotheshipshullthroughanimpedance(designedto limittheshortcircuitcurrentflowingtotheshipshull); f) havingtheirneutralpointisolatedfromtheshipshull. Thecalculationproceduresarefo

24、rathreephasesymmetricalshortcircuitconditioni.e.three phaseconductorsshortedtogether,orshortedtotheshipshullandforwhichtheshortcircuit occursonallthreepolessimultaneously.Thecalculationofshortcircuitcurrentsresultingfrom asymmetricshortcircuitconditionscanleadtohigheraperiodic(d.c.)componentsofthesh

25、ort circuitcurrentandisnotconsideredinthisstandard. Thecalculatingformulaeandmethodsdescribedproducesufficientlyaccurateresultsto calculatetheshortcircuitcurrentduringthefirst100msofafaultcondition.Theycanbeused tocalculatetheshortcircuitcurrentforperiodslongerthan100mswhencalculatingonabus systemto

26、whichthegeneratorsaredirectlyconnected.Fortimeperiodsbeyond100msthe controllingeffectsofthesystemvoltageregulatorsmaybepredominant.Calculationsincluding thevoltageregulatoreffectsarenotconsideredinthisstandard. Theobjectofthisstandardistopresentformulaeforcalculatingshortcircuitcurrentsofthe active

27、componentsofanelectricalsystemandtoindicatehowsuchformulaemaybesimplified whencalculatingtheshortcircuitcurrentatvariouslocationsontheelectricalsystem.The calculationsgiveestimatesoftheprospectiveshortcircuitcurrentwhenthesystemsactive componentsproducetheirmaximumcontribution. Thecalculatingformula

28、earedevelopedfrombasicelectricalengineeringtheoriesrelevantto thesystemcomponents.Tosimplifythecalculationmethodsyetretainanacceptablelevelof accuracyintheresults,suitableassumptionsareoutlinedandtheireffectsonthecalculation resultsindicated. Thisstandardprovidesacalculationprocedure.Itgivesguidance

29、ontheinterpretationand applicationofsimplifyingformulaeandthecorrespondingresultswhenappliedtotheselection ofswitchgear.Thestandardisnotintendedtoprovideanyotherinformationotherthanthe calculationoftheshortcircuitcurrentwhichmayflowinthenetwork. BSIEC613631:19985363168991:CEI1 11 Inordertounderstand

30、themethods,andconsequencesoftheresults,itisassumedthatthe personresponsibleforinitiatingtheshortcircuitcurrentcalculations,isthoroughlyfamiliarwith validelectricalengineeringfundamentals. 2 Normativereferences Thefollowingnormativedocumentscontainprovisionswhich,throughreferenceinthistext, constitut

31、eprovisionsofthisInternationalStandard.Atthetimeofpublication,theeditions indicatedwerevalid.Allnormativedocumentsaresubjecttorevision,andpartiesto agreementsbasedonthisInternationalStandardareencouragedtoinvestigatethepossibility ofapplyingthemostrecenteditionsofthenormativedocumentsindicatedbelow.

32、Membersof IECandISOmaintainregistersofcurrentlyvalidInternationalStandards. IEC600344:1985, RotatingelectricalmachinesPart4:Methodsfordeterminingsynchronous machinequantitiesfromtests IEC60038:1983, IECstandardvoltages IEC60050(151):1978, InternationalElectrotechnicalVocabulary(IEV)Chapter151:Electr

33、ical andmagneticdevices IEC60050(411):1996, InternationalElectrotechnicalVocabulary(IEV)Chapter411:Rotating machinery IEC60050(441):1984, InternationalElectrotechnicalVocabulary(IEV)Chapter441: Switchgear,controlgearandfuses IEC60092201:1994, ElectricalinstallationsinshipsPart201:SystemdesignGeneral

34、 IEC60092202:1994, ElectricalinstallationsinshipsPart202:SystemdesignProtection IEC60909:1988, Shortcircuitcurrentcalculationinthreephasea.c.systems 3 Definitions,symbols,subscriptsandsuperscripts 3.1Definitions ForthepurposeofthisInternationalStandardthefollowingdefinitionsandsymbolsapply. 3.1.1 sh

35、ortcircuit accidentalorintentionalconnection,byarelativelylowresistanceorimpedance,oftwoor morepointsinacircuitwhicharenormallyatdifferentvoltages.IEV1510341 3.1.2 shortcircuitcurrent overcurrentresultingfromashortcircuitduetoafaultoranincorrectconnectioninanelectric circuit.IEV4411107 BSIEC613631:1

36、9986363168991:CEI1 31 3.1.3 prospectivecurrent (withrespecttoaswitchingdevice) shortcircuitcurrentthatwouldflowinthecircuitifeachpoleofthedevicewerereplacedbya conductorofnegligibleimpedance.IEV4411701,modified 3.1.4 symmetricalshortcircuitcurrent r.m.s.valueofthea.c.symmetricalcomponentofaprospecti

37、ve(available)shortcircuitcurrent, theaperiodiccomponentofcurrent,ifany,beingneglected.(IEC60909,subclause3.4) 3.1.5 initialsymmetricalshortcircuitcurrent I“ k r.m.s.valueofthea.c.symmetricalcomponentofaprospective(available)shortcircuitcurrent applicableattheinstantofshortcircuitiftheimpedanceremain

38、satzerotimevalue.(3.5of IEC60909,seealsofigure2). 3.1.6 subtransientshortcircuitcurrent I“ kd inthedirectaxis r.m.s.valueoftheshortcircuitcurrentflowingthroughacircuitwithrotatingmachine(s)having animpedance(reactance)equaltothesubtransientimpedance(reactance)ofthecircuit. 3.1.7 transientshortcircui

39、tcurrent I kd inthedirectaxis r.m.s.valueoftheshortcircuitcurrentflowingthroughacircuitwithrotatingmachine(s)having animpedance(reactance)equaltothetransientimpedance(reactance)ofthecircuit. 3.1.8 steadystateshortcircuitcurrent I kd inthedirectaxis r.m.s.valueoftheshortcircuitsymmetricalcurrentflowi

40、ngthroughacircuitwithgenerator(s) whichremainsafterthedecayofthetransientphenomena. 3.1.9 aperiodic(d.c.)componentoftheshortcircuitcurrent i dc componentofcurrentinacircuitimmediatelyafterithasbeensuddenlyshortcircuited,all componentsoffundamentalandhigherfrequenciesbeingexcluded. NOTEItisthemeanval

41、uebetweenthetopandbottomenvelopeofashortcircuitcurrentdecayingfromaninitial valueAtozeroaccordingtofigure2. 3.1.10 peakshortcircuitcurrent i p maximumpossibleinstantaneousvalueoftheprospective(available)shortcircuitcurrent(see figure2and3.8ofIEC60909). NOTEForthreephaseshortcircuitsitisassumedthatth

42、eshortcircuitoccurssimultaneouslyinallphase conductors. 3.1.11 directaxissubtransientshortcircuittimeconstant T“ d timerequiredfortherapidlychangingcomponent,presentduringthefirstfewcyclesinthe directaxisshortcircuitcurrentfollowingasuddenchangeinoperatingconditions,todecrease to1/e,i.e.0,368ofitsin

43、itialvalue,themachine(orequivalentmachine)runningatrated speed.IEV4114830,modified 3.1.12 directaxissubtransientopencircuittimeconstant T“ do timerequiredfortherapidlychangingcomponentpresentduringthefirstfewcyclesofthe opencircuitprimarywindingvoltagewhichisduetodirectaxisfluxfollowingasuddenchange

44、 inoperation,todecreaseto1/ei.e.0,368ofitsinitialvalue,themachinerunningatrated speed.IEV4114829,modified BSIEC613631:19987363168991:CEI1 51 3.1.13 directaxistransientshortcircuittimeconstant T d timerequiredfortheslowlychangingcomponentofthedirectaxisshortcircuitprimarycurrent followingasuddenchangeinoperatingconditions,todecreaseto1/ei.e.0,368ofitsinitial value,themachinerunningatratedspeed