BS EN ISO 10545-15-1997 Ceramic tiles Determination of lead and cadmium given off by glazed tiles《瓷砖 釉面砖铅和镉释放量的测定》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 10545-15:1997 Ceramic tiles Part 15: Determination of lead and cadmium given off by glazed tiles The European Standard EN ISO 10545-15:1997 has the status of a British Standard ICS 91.100.20BSENISO10545-15:1997 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directio

2、nof the Sector Board forBuilding and Civil Engineering, was published underthe authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 November 1997 BSI 04-2000 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference B/539 Draft for comment 93/102981 DC ISBN 0 580

3、28663 0 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee B/539, Ceramic tiles and other rigid tiling, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Building Engineers British Adhesives and Sealants Assoc

4、iation British Ceramic Research Ltd. British Ceramic Tile Council Building Research Establishment Chartered Institute of Building Concrete Society Construction Confederation Consumer Policy Committee of BSI Contract Flooring Association Federation of Master Builders Federation of Resin Formulators a

5、nd Applicators Health and Safety Executive Institute of Clerks of Works of Great Britain London Underground Ltd. Mortar Producers Association National Federation of Clay Industries National Federation of Terrazzo, Marble and Mosaic Specialists National Master Tile Fixers Association National Tile, F

6、aience and Mosaic Fixers Society Natural Slate Quarries Association Royal Institute of British Architects Stone Federation Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSENISO10545-15:1997 BSI 04-2000 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii Forewor

7、d 2 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Principle 3 4 Reagents 3 5 Apparatus and materials 3 6 Test specimens 3 7 Procedure 3 8 Expression of results 4 9 Test report 4 Figure 1 Convenient method of covering tiles during testing 4 List of references Inside back coverBSENISO10545-15:1997 ii BSI 04-20

8、00 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee B/539 and is the English language version of EN ISO10545-15:1997 Ceramic tiles Part 15: Determination of lead and cadmium given off by glazed tiles, published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). It i

9、s technically equivalent to ISO10545-15:1995, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). It is a new test and does not supersede a Part of BS6431. This Part of BSENISO10545 was drafted by ISO/TC189 as a Part of ISO10545, which has now been approved by CEN as a Part of EN

10、ISO10545. The editorial modifications mentioned in the EN ISO foreword have been made in this BS EN ISO text. The tiles are exposed to a4% solution of acetic acid ponded on the glazed face. After24h, the solution is analysed for extracted lead and cadmium. Atomic absorption is given as a possible me

11、thod. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Cross-references Publication referr

12、ed to Corresponding British Standard ISO 3696:1987 BS EN ISO 3696:1995 Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods ISO 6353-2:1983 BS 6376 Reagents for chemical analysis Part 2:1984 Specifications (first series) Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside

13、 front cover, pages i and ii, theEN ISO title page, pages 2 to 4, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROP

14、ENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 10545-15 July 1997 ICS 91.100.20 Descriptors: Ceramics, enamelled ceramic, tiles, porcelain enamels, tests, chemical tests, extraction, lead, cadmium English version Ceramic tiles Part 15: Determination of lead and cadmium given off by glazed tiles (ISO 10545-15:1995) Car

15、reaux et dalles cramiques Partie 15: Dtermination de la teneur en plomb et en cadmium dgags par les carreaux maills (ISO 10545-15:1995) Keramische Fliesen und Platten Teil 15: Bestimmung der Abgabe von Blei und Cadmium-Glasierte Fliesen und Platten (ISO 10545-15:1995) This European Standard was appr

16、oved by CEN on 1997-05-01. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national sta

17、ndards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified t

18、o the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, CzechRepublic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and Unit

19、ed Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1997 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO

20、10545-15:1997 EENISO10545-15:1997 BSI 04-2000 2 Foreword The text of the International Standard from Technical Committee ISO/TC159, Ceramic tiles, of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has been taken over as a European Standard by Technical Committee CEN/TC 67, Ceramic tiles, t

21、he secretariat of which is held by UNI. EN ISO10545 consists of the following Parts, under the common title Ceramic tiles. Part 1: Sampling and basis for acceptance; Part 2: Determination of dimensions and surface quality; Part 3: Determination of water absorption, apparent porosity, apparent relati

22、ve density and bulk density; Part 4: Determination of modulus of rupture and breaking strength; Part 5: Determination of impact resistance by measurement of coefficient of restitution; Part 6: Determination of resistance to deep abrasion for unglazed tiles; Part 7: Determination of resistance to sur

23、face abrasion for glazed tiles; Part 8: Determination of linear thermal expansion; Part 9: Determination of resistance to thermal shock; Part 10: Determination of moisture expansion; Part 11: Determination of crazing resistance for glazed tiles; Part 12: Determination of frost resistance; Part 13: D

24、etermination of chemical resistance; Part 14: Determination of resistance to stains; Part 15: Determination of lead and cadmium given off by glazed tiles; Part 16: Determination of small colour differences; Part 17: Determination of coefficient of friction. This European Standard shall be given the

25、status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 1998, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January1998. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of t

26、he following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, CzechRepublic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of the

27、International Standard ISO10545-15:1995 has been approved by CEN as a European Standard without technical modifications, but with the following editorial modifications: Existing ISO text ISO text modified Clause 3:“Exposition of .” Clause 3: “Exposure of .” Clause 8, Clause 8, eighth line: “M) is th

28、e concentration.” eighth line: “(M) is the concentration.”ENISO10545-15:1997 BSI 04-2000 3 1 Scope This part of ISO10545 specifies a method for the determination of lead and cadmium given off by the glaze of ceramic tiles. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, thro

29、ugh reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO10545. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of ISO10545 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the mos

30、t recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 3696:1987, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods. ISO 6353-2:1983, Reagents for chemical analysis Part 2: Specifications First se

31、ries. 3 Principle Exposure of the glazed surface of a ceramic tile to an acetic acid solution. Determination of the amount of lead and cadmium released into the solution by an appropriate method. 4 Reagents During the analysis, unless otherwise indicated, use only the reagents specified in ISO6353-2

32、 if indicated, if not, use reagents of recognized analytical grade, and grade2complying with ISO3696:1987. 4.1 Test solution: acetic acid solution,4% (V/V). Add40ml of glacial acetic acid (R1of ISO6353-2:1983) to960ml of distilled water of grade2. 5 Apparatus and materials 5.1 Atomic absorption spec

33、trometer, or other suitable apparatus for the analysis of lead and cadmium from solution. 5.2 Silicone sealant in a tube or dispenser, enabling a ribbon of clear silicone (neutral cure) sealant approximately 6 mm in diameter to be formed. 5.3 Impervious cover, made of glass or plastics. 5.4 Detergen

34、t 5.5 White cloth, made of cotton or flax. 5.6 Measuring cylinder 6 Test specimens 6.1 Number of test specimens A minimum of three whole tiles shall be tested. 6.2 Preparation of test specimens The surface of a tile to be tested shall be clean and free from grease or other material that may interfer

35、e with the performance of the test. To ensure cleanliness, the tile shall be thoroughly washed in tap water containing a small amount of detergent(5.4), and rinsed with grade2water, then dried either by draining or with a soft clean cloth(5.5). After washing, care shall be taken to avoid handling th

36、e glazed surface. Apply a ribbon of silicone sealant (5.2)6mm wide, to the glazed surface around the whole perimeter. Ensure visually that the ribbon is complete and has contact with the glazed surface around the whole perimeter. Also ensure that it is high enough to allow a sufficient volume of the

37、 test solution (4.1) to be added. The minimum height of the silicone sealant over the glazed surface shall be4mm. Allow the sealant to dry overnight. Measure and calculate the area A, in square decimetres, of the surface to be tested. 7 Procedure 7.1 Extraction with acetic acid Place each tile on a

38、flat horizontal surface in a room at a temperature of (20 2) C. Fill the volume formed by the ribbon of silicone sealant with a volume, V, of the test solution (4.1), measured at the same temperature using the measuring cylinder(5.6). Place the cover (5.3) on the tile to minimize contamination and e

39、vaporation. A convenient way of doing this is illustrated inFigure 1. Ensure that the temperature of the room remains at (20 2) C during the test and protect the test assembly from sunlight or other thermal sources. After 24 h, remove the cover, stir the acid thoroughly to ensure its homogeneity and

40、 remove an aliquot portion of the solution for analysis. 7.2 Determination of lead and cadmium Determine the amount of lead and cadmium extracted by an appropriate method: atomic absorption spectrometry is a possible method. Take into account any small amounts of lead and cadmium present in the reag

41、ents and water used, for example by a blank determination.ENISO10545-15:1997 4 BSI 04-2000 8 Expression of results The mass of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) extracted per unit of surface A (M), expressed in millimetres per square decimetre, is calculated using the equation where 9 Test report The test

42、report shall include the following information: a) reference to this part of ISO10545; b) a description of the tiles, including sample preparation; c) mass concentration of lead in the extract, (Pb), in milligrams per litre, and mass of lead extracted per unit of surface, A (Pb), in milligrams per s

43、quare decimetre; d) mass concentration of cadmium in the extract,(Cd), in milligrams per litre, and mass of cadmium extracted per unit of surface, A (Cd), in milligrams per square decimetre. M is the metal extracted (Pb or Cd); (M) is the concentration, in milligrams per litre, of metal, M, in the e

44、xtract, determined according to 7.2; V is the volume, in millilitres, of acetic acid added to the tile; A is the area, in square decimetres, of surface tested. A M () M () V 1 000 - 1 A - = Figure 1 Convenient method of covering tiles during testingBSEN ISO10545-15:1997 BSI 04-2000 List of reference

45、s See national foreword.BS EN ISO 10545-15:1997 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSIBritishStandardsInstitution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing BritishStandards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated b

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