BS EN 60318-4-2010 Electroacoustics - Simulators of human head and ear - Occluded-ear simulator for the measurement of earphones coupled to the ear by means of ear inserts《电声学 人头和耳.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationElectroacoustics Simulators of human head and earPart 4: Occluded-ear simulator for the measurement of earphones coupled to the ear by means of ear insertsBS EN 60318-4:2010Natio

2、nal forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 60318-4:2010. It isidentical to IEC 60318-4:2010. It supersedes BS 6310:1982 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical CommitteeEPL/29, Electroacoustics.A list of organizations represented on

3、 this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 58178 6ICS 17.140.50Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity f

4、romlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the StandardsPolicy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2010.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 60318-4:2010EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60318-4 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM May

5、2010 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels 2010 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved

6、 worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 60318-4:2010 E ICS 17.140.50 Supersedes HD 443 S1:1983English version Electroacoustics - Simulators of human head and ear - Part 4: Occluded-ear simulator for the measurement of earphones coupled to the ear by means of ear inserts (IEC 60318-4:2010) Electr

7、oacoustique - Simulateurs de tte et doreille humaines -Partie 4: Simulateur doreille occluse pour la mesure des couteurs coupls loreille par des embouts (CEI 60318-4:2010) Akustik - Simulatoren des menschlichen Kopfes und Ohres - Teil 4: Simulator fr den abgeschlossenen Gehrgang zur Messung an mitte

8、ls Ohreinstzen an das Ohr angekoppelten Ohrhrern (IEC 60318-4:2010) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2010-05-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national st

9、andard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any o

10、ther language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the

11、Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 60318-4:2010EN 60318-4:2010 - 2

12、 - Foreword The text of document 29/662/CDV, future edition 1 of IEC 60318-4, prepared by IEC TC 29, Electroacoustics, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 60318-4 on 2010-05-01. This standard supersedes HD 443 S1:1983. The main changes with respect to the

13、 previous edition are listed below: extension of the usable frequency range to 100 Hz 16 000 Hz; addition of values of maximum permitted expanded uncertainties to all tolerances. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN

14、 and CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The following dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2011-02-01 latest date by which the n

15、ational standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2013-05-01 Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60318-4:2010 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. In the official version, for Bibli

16、ography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated: 1 ISO 389-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 389-2. 2 ISO 389-5 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 389-5. 3 ISO 389-6 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 389-6. _ BS EN 60318-4:2010- 3 - EN 60318-4:2010 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to int

17、ernational publications with their corresponding European publications The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any

18、 amendments) applies. NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. Publication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 61094-4 - Measurement microphones - Part 4: Specifications for working standard microphones EN 61094-4 - ISO/I

19、EC Guide 98-3 - Uncertainty of measurement - Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995) - - BS EN 60318-4:2010 2 60318-4 IEC:2010 CONTENTS 1 Scope.5 2 Normative references .5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Construction.7 4.1 General .7 4.2 Principal cavity dimensions .7 4

20、.3 Calibrated pressure-type microphone 7 4.4 Pressure equalization8 4.5 Acoustic transfer impedance level .8 4.6 Example of design.8 5 Calibration9 5.1 Atmospheric reference conditions9 5.2 Calibration method 9 6 Coupling of earphones and hearing aids to the occluded-ear simulator.9 6.1 Audiometers

21、with insert earphones9 6.2 In-the-ear hearing aids (custom made) 9 6.3 Hearing aids with insert earphone .10 6.4 Behind-the-ear and spectacle hearing aids11 6.5 Modular in-the-ear hearing aids.12 7 Maximum permitted expanded uncertainty of measurements 14 Annex A (informative) Example of one specifi

22、c design of occluded-ear simulator .16 Annex B (informative) Principle of calibration for the occluded-ear simulator17 Bibliography19 Figure 1 Connection of an in-the-ear hearing aid to the occluded-ear simulator .10 Figure 2 Connection of an insert earphone to the occluded-ear simulator 11 Figure 3

23、 Connection of a behind-the-ear hearing aid to the occluded-ear simulator.13 Figure 4 Connection of an in-the-ear hearing aid (modular type) to the occluded-ear simulator.14 Figure A.1 Example of one specific design of occluded-ear simulator.16 Table 1 Level of the acoustic transfer impedance modulu

24、s and associated tolerances .8 Table 2 Values of maximum permitted expanded uncertainty Umaxfor basic type approval measurements15 Table B.1 Sound pressure level relative to that at the reference frequency 500 Hz (Lp(f) Lp(500) for the nominal effective volume (1 260 mm3) of the occluded-ear simulat

25、or, and associated tolerances 18 BS EN 60318-4:201060318-4 IEC:2010 5 ELECTROACOUSTICS SIMULATORS OF HUMAN HEAD AND EAR Part 4: Occluded-ear simulator for the measurement of earphones coupled to the ear by means of ear inserts 1 Scope This part of IEC 60318 describes an occluded-ear simulator intend

26、ed for the measurement of insert earphones in the frequency range from 100 Hz to 10 000 Hz. It is suitable for air conduction hearing aids and earphones, coupled to the ear by means of ear inserts e.g. ear moulds or similar devices. The occluded-ear simulator is also suitable as the basis for an ext

27、ension intended to simulate the complete ear canal and the outer ear (for instance in head simulators). The occluded-ear simulator simulates the acoustic transfer impedance for the occluded normal adult human ear. However, it does not simulate the leakage between an earmould and a human ear canal; t

28、herefore, the results obtained with the occluded-ear simulator may deviate from the performance of an insert earphone on a real ear, especially at low frequencies. Moreover, large performance variations among individual ears will occur which should be considered when using the ear simulator. Above 1

29、0 kHz the device does not simulate a human ear, but can be used as an acoustic coupler at additional frequencies up to 16 kHz. Below 100 Hz, the device has not been verified to simulate a human ear, but can be used as an acoustic coupler at additional frequencies down to 20 Hz. NOTE Due to resonance

30、s in the acoustic transfer impedance of the occluded-ear simulator above 10 kHz, high measurement uncertainties, e.g. in the order of 10 dB, can occur in earphone responses. Repeatable results mainly are obtained for insert earphones with high acoustic damping (used for instance in the extended high

31、-frequency audiometry, see the earphones listed in ISO 389-6)31coupled to the occluded-ear simulator by means of a simple, symmetrically designed and air tight coupling device. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated

32、 references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 61094-4, Measurement microphones Part 4: Specifications for working standard microphones ISO/IEC Guide 98-3, Uncertainty of measurement Part 3: G

33、uide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. _ 1Figures in square brackets refer to the Bibliography. BS EN 60318-4:2010 6 60318-4 IEC:2010 3.1 ear insert device used to provide t

34、he acoustic coupling between an earphone and the ear canal (e.g. an earmould or a similar device with or without a connecting tube) 3.2 insert earphone small earphone coupled to the ear canal by means of an ear insert or attached to a connecting element which is inserted into the ear canal NOTE This

35、 ear insert may be a part of the insert earphone. 3.3 ear-mould simulator ear insert simulator insert which terminates the entrance of the ear simulator and provides for passage of sound into the occluded-ear simulator through an opening on its axis 3.4 ear simulator device for measuring the acousti

36、c output of sound sources where the sound pressure is measured by a calibrated microphone coupled to the source so that the overall acoustic impedance of the device approximates that of the normal human ear at a given location and in a given frequency band 3.5 occluded-ear simulator ear simulator wh

37、ich approximates the acoustic transfer impedance of the inner part of the ear canal, from the tip of an ear insert to the eardrum 3.6 acoustic coupler device for measuring the acoustic output of sound sources where the sound pressure is measured by a calibrated microphone coupled to the source by a

38、cavity of predetermined shape and volume which does not necessarily approximate the acoustical impedance of the normal human ear 3.7 reference plane of the occluded-ear simulator plane perpendicular to the axis of the cavity of the simulator, chosen to pass through the position normally occupied by

39、the tip of an earmould in a human ear 3.8 acoustic transfer impedance of the occluded-ear simulator quotient of the sound pressure at the diaphragm of its microphone by the volume velocity through the reference plane unit: Pasm3 3.9 acoustic transfer impedance level of the occluded-ear simulator ten

40、 times the logarithm to the base of ten of the quotient of the absolute value (modulus) of the squared acoustic transfer impedance of the occluded-ear simulator by the squared reference acoustic transfer impedance of one pascal second per cubic metre (Pasm3) unit: dB BS EN 60318-4:201060318-4 IEC:20

41、10 7 3.10 effective volume equivalent volume of air of the acoustic compliance of the ear simulator formed by the cavity and the microphone at a frequency of 500 Hz unit: mm34 Construction 4.1 General The occluded-ear simulator shall be constructed of hard, dimensionally stable, non-porous and non-m

42、agnetic material. The general construction of the occluded-ear simulator and mounting of the microphone shall aim at minimizing the response of the microphone to vibration (for example from an earphone) or to extraneous sound outside the cavity. NOTE 1 The external diameter of the occluded-ear simul

43、ator should be kept as small as possible in order to minimize diffractional errors which might affect the measurements when the occluded-ear simulator has to be placed in a free sound field. NOTE 2 In order to avoid a possible sound attenuation caused by the dust protector (see Figure A.1), an earph

44、one calibration should be performed above 10 kHz at least every two years with the occluded-ear simulator equipped with and without its dust protector in place. The two results should not differ by more than 0,2 dB at frequencies up to 16 kHz. If this is not the case at some frequencies, earphone me

45、asurements at those frequencies should generally be performed without the dust protector. The construction of the occluded-ear simulator shall permit the location of a transducer at the reference plane for calibrating the simulator. Where tolerances are specified in this part of IEC 60318, these sha

46、ll be reduced by an amount equal to the actual expanded measurement uncertainty of the test laboratory before deciding if a device conforms to the stated requirement. 4.2 Principal cavity dimensions The diameter of the principal cavity shall be (7,50 0,04) mm. The length of the principal cavity shal

47、l be such as to produce a half-wavelength resonance of the sound pressure at (13,5 1,5) kHz. 4.3 Calibrated pressure-type microphone A calibrated microphone is located at the base of principal cavity of the occluded-ear simulator. The acoustic impedance of the microphone diaphragm shall be high, so

48、that the equivalent volume is less than 20 mm3over the specified range of frequencies. The microphone shall conform to the requirements of IEC 61094-4 for a type WS2P microphone. The microphone shall be coupled to the principal cavity with a seal that prevents acoustic leaks. In the frequency range

49、20 Hz to 10 kHz, the overall sound pressure sensitivity level of the microphone and associated measuring system shall be known with an uncertainty not exceeding 0,3 dB for a level of confidence of 95 %. For measurements above 10 kHz, the overall pressure sensitivity level of the microphone and associated measuring system over the specified frequency range shall be known with an uncertainty not exceeding 0,5 dB for a level of confidence of 95 %